公开(公告)号：US07718155B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

申请号：US11539042

申请日：2006-10-05

Applicant: Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

Inventor： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC: C01B31/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  C09C1/44 ,  C09C1/46 ,  B01J21/18

CPC classification number: H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

Abstract translation: 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

公开(公告)号：US08729801B2

公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

申请号：US13501619

申请日：2010-10-08

Applicant: Martin Fransson

Inventor： Martin Fransson

IPC: H01J17/16 ,  H01J11/00 ,  H01J17/00

CPC classification number: H01J61/125 ,  H01J61/24 ,  H01J61/30 ,  H01J61/33 ,  H01J61/34 ,  H01J61/827

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal halogen lamp comprising an elongated arc tube enclosed in a transparent casing, wherein the arc tube is made up of a hollow glass body comprising two end portions and a middle portion, and electrode is arranged on the respective end portion, which electrodes, each having an electrode end, upon connection to a power source and during operation of the metal halogen lamp, generate an arc between them; and the glass body encloses halogens (h) and metal atoms (m) and has a wall thickness which is thicker on the end portions than on the middle portion. The thicker end portions each have a length (L1) of at least one-third of the total length (L) of the arc tube.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种金属卤素灯，其包括封闭在透明壳体中的细长电弧管，其中所述电弧管由包括两个端部和中间部分的中空玻璃体组成，并且电极设置在相应的端部上， 每个具有电极端的电极在连接到电源并且在金属卤素灯的操作期间在它们之间产生电弧; 并且玻璃体包围卤素（h）和金属原子（m），并且具有在端部上比在中间部分更厚的壁厚。 较厚的端部各自具有电弧管的总长度（L）的至少三分之一的长度（L1）。

公开(公告)号：US20100311869A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

申请号：US12849959

申请日：2010-08-04

Applicant: Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Raymond B. Balée

Inventor： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Raymond B. Balée

IPC: C08K7/24

CPC classification number: H01B1/24 ,  Y10S977/734 ,  Y10S977/735 ,  Y10S977/753 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/775 ,  Y10S977/778 ,  Y10S977/78 ,  Y10S977/783 ,  Y10S977/784 ,  Y10S977/788

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel composites that incorporate carbon nanospheres into a polymeric material. The polymeric material can be any polymer or polymerizable material compatible with graphitic materials. The carbon nanospheres are hollow, graphitic nanoparticles. The carbon nanospheres can be manufactured from a carbon precursor using templating catalytic nanoparticles. The unique size, shape, and electrical properties of the carbon nanospheres impart beneficial properties to the composites incorporating these nanomaterials.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及将碳纳米球结合到聚合材料中的新型复合材料。 聚合物材料可以是与石墨材料相容的任何聚合物或可聚合材料。 碳纳米球是中空的石墨纳米颗粒。 碳纳米球可以使用模板催化纳米颗粒由碳前体制造。 碳纳米球的独特尺寸，形状和电学特性为纳入这些纳米材料的复合材料赋予了有利的特性。

公开(公告)号：US20080076660A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-27

申请号：US11534595

申请日：2006-09-22

Applicant: Clementine Reyes ,  Martin Fransson ,  Horacio Trevifio ,  Bing Zhou

Inventor： Clementine Reyes ,  Martin Fransson ,  Horacio Trevifio ,  Bing Zhou

IPC: B01J29/06 ,  B01J31/00 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/00

CPC classification number: B01J23/755 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J23/883 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/0053 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/0066 ,  B01J37/0203

Abstract: Supported nickel catalyst having high nickel loading and dispersion are manufactured using a dispersing agent. The dispersing agent molecules include at least one functional group that bonds with the nickel atoms and influences nanoparticle formation. The support material is loaded with at least about 5% nickel, more preferably at least about 8%, and most preferably at least about 12% by weight of the total catalyst. Catalysts manufactured using the organic dispersing agents and loaded with the foregoing amounts of nickel have metal dispersions greater than about 5% as measured by hydrogen adsorption, more preferably greater than about 10%, and most preferably greater than about 15%.

Abstract translation: 使用分散剂制造具有高镍负载和分散性的负载型镍催化剂。 分散剂分子包括至少一个与镍原子键合并影响纳米颗粒形成的官能团。 载体材料装载有总催化剂重量的至少约5％镍，更优选至少约8％，最优选至少约12％。 使用有机分散剂制造并加载上述量的镍的催化剂通过氢吸附测量的金属分散度大于约5％，更优选大于约10％，最优选大于约15％。

公开(公告)号：US20070265162A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

申请号：US11539042

申请日：2006-10-05

Applicant: Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

Inventor： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC: D01F9/12 ,  B01J23/02

CPC classification number: H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

Abstract translation: 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

公开(公告)号：US20070180760A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-09

申请号：US11351661

申请日：2006-02-09

Applicant: Bing Zhou ,  Zhihua Wu ,  Martin Fransson

Inventor： Bing Zhou ,  Zhihua Wu ,  Martin Fransson

IPC: C10L1/12

CPC classification number: C10L10/02 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J37/08 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1855 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2406 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L5/361 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/04

Abstract: Organically complexed nanocatalyst compositions are applied to or mixed with a carbon-containing fuel (e.g., tobacco, coal, briquetted charcoal, biomass, or a liquid hydrocarbon like fuel oils or gasoline) in order to enhance combustion properties of the fuel. Nanocatalyst compositions can be applied to or mixed with a solid fuel substrate in order to reduce the amount of CO, hydrocarbons, and soot produced by the fuel during combustion. In addition, coal can be treated with inventive nanocatalyst compositions to reduce the amount of NOx produced during combustion (e.g., by removing coal nitrogen in a low oxygen pre-combustion zone of a low NOx burner). The nanocatalyst compositions include nanocatalyst particles made using a dispersing agent. At least a portion of the nanoparticles is crystalline with a spacing between crystal planes greater than about 0.28 nm. The nanocatalyst particles can be activated by heating to a temperature greater than about 75° C., more preferably greater than about 150° C. and most preferably greater than about 250° C.

Abstract translation: 将有机络合的纳米催化剂组合物施用于含碳燃料（例如烟草，煤，压块炭，生物质或液体烃如燃料油或汽油）或与其混合，以增强燃料的燃烧性能。 纳米催化剂组合物可以施加到固体燃料基质上或与固体燃料基质混合，以便减少在燃烧过程中由燃料产生的CO，烃和烟炱的量。 此外，煤可以用本发明的纳米催化剂组合物处理以减少在燃烧期间产生的NO x的量（例如，通过在低NOx燃烧器的低氧预燃烧区中除去煤氮）。 纳米催化剂组合物包括使用分散剂制备的纳米催化剂颗粒。 纳米颗粒的至少一部分是结晶的，晶面之间的间隔大于约0.28nm。 纳米催化剂颗粒可以通过加热至大于约75℃，更优选大于约150℃，最优选大于约250℃的温度来活化。