摘要:
A variable gain control amplifier (10) and method provides a substantially constant input impedance and output impedance, and provides a substantially constant noise figure and third order harmonic. The variable gain control amplifier (10) includes an amplifier stage including at least a first intermediate fixed gain stage (22) operative to produce a first intermediate signal (30) in response to the input signal (20). The variable gain control amplifier (10) further includes at least a second intermediate fixed gain stage (24) operative to produce an output signal (18) in response to the first intermediate signal (30). A feedback circuit (16) is operative to produce a gain control signal (32) in response to the output signal (18). A gain control circuit (26) is coupled to the at least first intermediate fixed gain stage (22) and the second intermediate fixed gain stage (24), and receives the gain control signal (32) to control an amplitude of the intermediate signal (30).
摘要:
A differential amplifier comprises a differential input stage including first and second input devices and has first and second input electrodes and first and second output terminals. A differential load stage includes first and second load devices having first and second control electrodes respectively. The load stage is coupled to the differential input stage and to the first and second output terminals. First and second separate capacitive biasing networks are coupled to the first and second output terminals and respectively to the first and second control electrodes. During an offset-cancellation phase, the input electrodes are coupled to a common voltage. During an amplification phase, a differential input signal is applied to the input electrodes.
摘要:
Symbol recovery for multi-level digital signals has traditionally been difficult because of the nature of the eye pattern output by the discriminator (103), and especially its response to a noisy or impeded signal environment. This method and apparatus for recovery thresholds adjusts (411 and 417) to the current state of the discriminator (103) output of the received signal, based on an attenuated (301) version of that signal. Using a fast adjust mode and slow adjust mode, the threshold generating circuitry (331 and 361) adapts to the signal based on data from the received signal fed into lock detectors (329 and 359) which determine the mode to use.
摘要:
In response to a memory allocation request received from an application thread, a random number is obtained (e.g., from a random number list previously populated with multiple random numbers). A starting location in at least a portion of a bitmap associated with a region including multiple blocks of the memory is determined based on the random number. A portion of the bitmap is scanned, beginning at the starting location, to identify a location in the bitmap corresponding to an available block of the multiple blocks, and an indication of this available block is returned to the application thread.
摘要:
A data transmission system receiver is disclosed which receives a formatted data stream (302) and operates in one of at least a first bandwidth mode and a second bandwidth mode. The formatted data stream (302) comprises a plurality of data edges (108, 110) and is sampled by a first clock signal (320). A plurality of clock edges (102, 104) defining transitions from one logic state to another is used to define "early" and "late" data edge occurrences. These occurrences are accumulated in accumulators (310, 312) and used as inputs to a clock counter (318) which produces a phase-adjusted clock signal (320). Additionally, the data transmission receiver comprises a detector (330) for detecting when a limited data stream (306) is synchronized with the phase-adjusted clock signal (320) and, in accordance with a predetermined algorithm, is able to switch the phase-lock circuit from the first bandwidth mode to the second bandwidth mode.
摘要:
In response to a memory allocation request received from an application thread, a random number is obtained (e.g., from a random number list previously populated with multiple random numbers). A starting location in at least a portion of a bitmap associated with a region including multiple blocks of the memory is determined based on the random number. A portion of the bitmap is scanned, beginning at the starting location, to identify a location in the bitmap corresponding to an available block of the multiple blocks, and an indication of this available block is returned to the application thread.
摘要:
An analogue-to-digital converter apparatus comprises a first integrator coupled to a second integrator. The first and second integrators are coupled so as to provide a complex pole. The first integrator is selectively electrically decoupleable from the second integrator, thereby removing the complex pole.
摘要:
An RF modulator supporting wide-band signals includes IQ modulation by interleaving the in-phase and quadrature signals. The modulator can be implemented using an integrated circuit having a baseband in-phase stage that receives an in-phase analog input signal, a baseband quadrature stage that receives a quadrature analog input signal, and a switching mixer having a plurality of switches. The switching mixer receives in-phase and quadrature signals from the baseband in-phase stage and the baseband quadrature stage. The switching mixer produces a differential signal combining the in-phase and quadrature signals by interleaving the signals over a plurality of phases of a carrier period.
摘要:
Systems and methods are described for a continuous-time sigma-delta modulator with discrete time common-mode feedback. The method includes calculating an integrator input signal as a difference between an input signal and a modulation feedback signal, continuous time integrating the integrator input signal to produce an integrator output signal having a common mode voltage, determining the common mode voltage of the integrator output signal using a discrete-time process, determining an integrator feedback signal as a function of the common-mode voltage and feeding back the feedback signal to the integrator in order to maintain the common mode voltage at a substantially constant value, sampling and quantizing the integrator output signal to produce a sigma-delta modulated output signal and converting the sigma-delta modulated output signal from a digital signal to an analog signal, to produce the modulation feedback signal.
摘要:
Systems and methods are described for a digital tuning scheme for continuous-time sigma-delta modulation. The method includes integrating a voltage from a voltage source using a discrete-time integrator to produce a discrete-time integrator output, continuous-time integrating a current from a controllable current source to produce a continuous-time integrator output, quantizing the difference between the continuous-time integrator output and the discrete-time integrator output to produce a quantizer output, controlling a polarity of the controllable current source with the quantizer output, counting the quantizer output to produce a feedback signal, and tuning the controllable current source as a function of the feedback signal.