公开(公告)号：US4275227A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-23

申请号：US84337

申请日：1979-10-12

Applicant: Russell J. MacDonald

Inventor： Russell J. MacDonald

IPC: C08F20/00 ,  B01J41/14 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C213/00 ,  C07C219/08 ,  C08F20/10 ,  C08F20/34 ,  C08F20/36 ,  C08F290/00 ,  C08F299/00 ,  C08J5/22 ,  C25B13/08 ,  C07C69/527

CPC classification number: C08F20/36 ,  B01J41/14 ,  C08J5/2231 ,  C08J2333/12

Abstract: The reaction of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with an ionogenic methacrylate ester containing amine groups of the tertiary type such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) in the presence of an acidic water solution produces a new and novel water soluble, ionic, cross-linking, methacrylate bifunctional monomer which is useful in the manufacture of anion exchange polymers while employing an aqueous solvent system.

Abstract translation: 在酸性水溶液存在下，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）与含有叔胺胺基的离子型甲基丙烯酸酯（如甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯）（DMAEMA）的反应产生新的和新的水溶性，离子交联的甲基丙烯酸酯 双官能单体，其可用于制造阴离子交换聚合物，同时使用水性溶剂体系。

公开(公告)号：US07591933B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-22

申请号：US11291526

申请日：2005-12-01

Applicant: Vladimir Grebenyuk ,  Oleg Grebenyuk ,  Keith J. Sims ,  William W. Carson ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Li Zhang

Inventor： Vladimir Grebenyuk ,  Oleg Grebenyuk ,  Keith J. Sims ,  William W. Carson ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Li Zhang

IPC: C25B9/00 ,  C02F1/00

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/52 ,  B01D63/10 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F2001/46152 ,  C02F2201/003 ,  C02F2201/4611

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention relate to an electrodeionization device that includes comprising a generally cylindrical housing. The cylindrical housing includes a cylindrical inner core and an inner electrode that extends around the inner core. The cylindrical housing includes a leaf arranged as a spiral winding about the inner electrode and an outer electrode that extends about the spiral winding. Active treatment cells are defined by spaces within the spiral winding and by interleaf spaces thereof. One or more sealing bands extend between membranes of the spiral winding to define fluid flow.

Abstract translation: 本发明的一些实施例涉及一种电去离子装置，其包括大致圆柱形的壳体。 圆柱形壳体包括圆柱形内芯和围绕内芯延伸的内部电极。 圆柱形壳体包括围绕内部电极布置成螺旋形绕组的叶片和围绕螺旋绕组延伸的外部电极。 主动治疗细胞由螺旋形绕组内的空间及其间隙空间限定。 一个或多个密封带在螺旋绕组的膜之间延伸以限定流体流动。

公开(公告)号：US07087654B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-08

申请号：US10178418

申请日：2002-06-24

Applicant: Russell J. MacDonald ,  James A. Lech

Inventor： Russell J. MacDonald ,  James A. Lech

IPC: C08J5/20

CPC classification number: B01J41/14 ,  C08F2/06

Abstract: The invention provides ion exchange and electrochemical methods and devices employing anion exchange polymers produced by substantially simultaneous quaternization and polymerization reactions. Anion selective polymers are produced in accordance with the invention by combining, an ethylenic tertiary amine monomer, an alkylating agent having a boiling point temperature of at least about 100° C., and a cross-linking agent in the presence of a polymerizing agent for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form the polymer. The alkylating agent and the cross-linking agent may be the same compound, a cross-linking alkylating agent. The polymers may be produced in the presence of solvents and/or in the presence of diluting monomers which are incorporated into the polymers.

公开(公告)号：US6126805A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

申请号：US366122

申请日：1999-08-02

Applicant: Bruce T. Batchelder ,  Irving D. Elyanow ,  Arthur L. Goldstein ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Wayne A. McRae ,  Keith J. Sims ,  Li Zhang

Inventor： Bruce T. Batchelder ,  Irving D. Elyanow ,  Arthur L. Goldstein ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Wayne A. McRae ,  Keith J. Sims ,  Li Zhang

IPC: A23C9/144 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C01B11/04 ,  C01B11/06 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F9/00

CPC classification number: A23C9/144 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C01B11/04 ,  C01B11/06 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/469 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/027 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D61/147 ,  B01D61/422 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F1/4693 ,  C02F1/4695 ,  C02F2101/163 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F9/00

Abstract: Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group:a) cation exchange membranes having ion exchange groups predominantly sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent cations and simultaneously therewith, cation exchange granules selective to monovalent cations as packing in the dilute compartments;b) anion exchange membranes having as ion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and substantially no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent anions simultaneously therewith, anion exchange granules selective to monovalent anions as packing in the dilute compartments;c) as packing in the dilute compartment, anion exchange granules which are selective to monovalent anions, or cation exchange granules which are selective to monovalent cations, or cation exchange granules having as exchange groups a predominant amount of sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups, or anion exchange granules consisting of organic polymers having as anion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and almost no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups.

Abstract translation: 公开了改进的电渗析（ED）堆叠，其具有一个或多个选自以下的组分：a）具有主要为磺酸基团的离子交换基团和少量弱酸性和/或弱碱性基团或膜的阳离子交换膜， 一价阳离子，同时具有选择性的阳离子交换颗粒，作为填充在稀室中的一价阳离子; b）具有作为离子交换基团的离子交换基团的阴离子交换膜仅具有季铵和/或季鏻基团，并且基本上不具有与单价阴离子同时选择性的伯，仲和/或叔胺和/或膦基或膜，阴离子交换颗粒选择性 作为包装在稀释室中的单价阴离子; c）作为稀释室中的填料，对单价阴离子有选择性的阴离子交换颗粒，或对一价阳离子具有选择性的阳离子交换颗粒，或具有主要量的磺酸基和交换基团的阳离子交换颗粒， 弱酸性和/或弱碱性基团或由具有阴离子交换基团的有机聚合物组成的阴离子交换颗粒仅为季铵和/或季鏻基团，并且几乎不具有伯，仲和/或叔胺和/或膦基团。

公开(公告)号：US5814197A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-29

申请号：US767079

申请日：1996-12-16

Applicant: Bruce T. Batchelder ,  Irving D. Elyanow ,  Arthur L. Goldstein ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Wayne A. McRae ,  Keith J. Sims ,  Li Zhang

Inventor： Bruce T. Batchelder ,  Irving D. Elyanow ,  Arthur L. Goldstein ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Wayne A. McRae ,  Keith J. Sims ,  Li Zhang

IPC: A23C9/144 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C01B11/04 ,  C01B11/06 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F9/00

CPC classification number: A23C9/144 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C01B11/04 ,  C01B11/06 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/469 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/027 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D61/147 ,  B01D61/422 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F1/4693 ,  C02F1/4695 ,  C02F2101/163 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F9/00

Abstract: Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group: a) cation exchange membranes having ion exchange groups predominantly sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent cations and simultaneously therewith, cation exchange granules selective to monovalent cations as packing in the dilute compartments; b) anion exchange membranes having as ion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and substantially no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent anions simultaneously therewith, anion exchange granules selective to monovalent anions as packing in the dilute compartments; c) as packing in the dilute compartment, anion exchange granules which are selective to monovalent anions, or cation exchange granules which are selective to monovalent cations, or cation exchange granules having as exchange groups a predominant amount of sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups, or anion exchange granules consisting of organic polymers having as anion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and almost no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups.

公开(公告)号：US5145618A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-08

申请号：US571478

申请日：1990-08-23

Applicant: Russell J. MacDonald ,  Russell B. Hodgdon ,  Samuel S. Alexander

Inventor： Russell J. MacDonald ,  Russell B. Hodgdon ,  Samuel S. Alexander

IPC: B29C70/50 ,  H05K1/03

CPC classification number: B29C70/504 ,  H05K1/036 ,  H05K1/0366

Abstract: Processes for manufacturing in an environmentally friendly way, continuous, supported ion exchange membranes from (I) liquids containing vinyl and related monomeric electrolytes and high boiling solvents, the solvents also being swelling agents for the membranes; and (II) an indefinitely long, foraminous substrate.

Abstract translation: 以（I）含有乙烯基和相关单体电解质和高沸点溶剂的液体的连续的负载型离子交换膜制造方法，溶剂也是用于膜的溶胀剂; 和（II）无限长的有孔基材。

公开(公告)号：US5118717A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

申请号：US479491

申请日：1990-02-13

Applicant: Russell B. Hodgdon ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Samuel S. Alexander

Inventor： Russell B. Hodgdon ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Samuel S. Alexander

IPC: B01J41/14 ,  C08F12/34 ,  C08J5/22

CPC classification number: B01J41/14 ,  C08F12/34 ,  C08J5/2256 ,  C08J2333/12

Abstract: A water or alcohol-water soluble divinyl monomer having anion exchange group(s) and a free exchangeable anion is disclosed. These bifunctional divinyl monomers are capable of forming ion exchange materials (membranes and ion exchange resin beads) upon polymerization with added vinyl catalysts which convert them into insoluble and infusible polymers. They are also capable of being co-polymerized with other ion exchange (ion containing) monomers to give unique anion exchange resins or membranes.

Abstract translation: 公开了具有阴离子交换基团和自由交换阴离子的水或醇 - 水溶性二乙烯基单体。 这些双功能二乙烯基单体在加入乙烯基催化剂聚合时能够形成离子交换材料（膜和离子交换树脂珠），将其转化为不溶性和不可渗透的聚合物。 它们还能够与其他离子交换（含离子）单体共聚以提供独特的阴离子交换树脂或膜。

公开(公告)号：US20060173084A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-03

申请号：US11293873

申请日：2005-12-02

Applicant: Yongchang Zheng ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Yuander Ju ,  Keith J. Sims

Inventor： Yongchang Zheng ,  Russell J. MacDonald ,  Yuander Ju ,  Keith J. Sims

IPC: C08J5/20

CPC classification number: B01D61/445 ,  C08J5/2231 ,  C08J5/2275

Abstract: A sheet having anion exchange functionality and a sheet having cation exchange functionality are juxtaposed and joined by current bonding into a unitary bipolar membrane. This may be done without added reactants or bonding agents by placing the two-layer assembly between opposed electrodes in a fluid cell, preferably at pressure, and applying power across the cell to split water in a junction region of the membrane assembly. Preferably the anion exchange sheet is treated with an iron salt solution so as to incorporate or immobilize the metal in the polymer during the current bonding process, and enhance operating characteristics of the bipolar junction. Membrane peel strength is comparable to or greater than that of an underlying sheet of ion exchange material, but the bonding is fully reversible, e.g., by soaking in a concentrated solution. Preferably both sheets include an aromatic backbone or cross-linker component. One membrane may be a self supporting membrane, such as a conventional electrodialysis exchange membrane of 5-50 mil (0.12-1.2 mm) thickness, while the other may also be a commercial membrane of opposite exchange type and of similar strength or thickness, or may be specially manufactured to tailor its performance in the completed membrane. For example, one or both starting sheets may be manufactured with a pore former or may otherwise have its porosity, cross-linking, strength, ion rejection characteristics or thickness tailored for more effective bipolar operation—for example, to enhance transport or diffusion, resist shear or mechanical forces, improve chemical resistance to splitting products or species in the intended feed, or the like. Preferably, prior to contacting and bonding, the anion exchange membrane is treated with a group VIII metal salt. The current-bonded unitary bilayer construction remains contact bonded over its surface and resists degradation in normal use.

Abstract translation: 具有阴离子交换官能团的片材和具有阳离子交换功能的片材并置并通过电流接合连接成单一双极性膜。 这可以通过将两层组件放置在流体池中的相对电极之间，优选地在压力下进行，而不需要加入反应物或粘合剂，并且跨过电池施加电力以在膜组件的接合区域中分离水。 优选地，用铁盐溶液处理阴离子交换片，以便在当前的接合过程中将金属掺入或固定在聚合物中，并增强双极结的操作特性。 膜剥离强度与离子交换材料的下层片材的剥离强度相当或更大，但是粘合是完全可逆的，例如通过浸泡在浓缩溶液中。 两片优选包括芳族主链或交联剂组分。 一个膜可以是自支撑膜，例如5-50密耳（0.12-1.2mm）厚度的常规电渗析交换膜，而另一个膜也可以是相反交换型和类似强度或厚度的商业膜，或 可以特别制造以在完成的膜中调整其性能。 例如，一个或两个起始片材可以用成孔剂制造，或者可以另外具有为更有效的双极操作而定制的孔隙率，交联，强度，离子排斥特性或厚度，例如增强转运或扩散，抗蚀剂 剪切或机械力，提高对预期进料中的分解产物或物质的耐化学性等。 优选地，在接触和接合之前，阴离子交换膜用VIII族金属盐处理。 当前粘合的单层双层结构在其表面保持接触粘合，并在正常使用中抵抗降解。

公开(公告)号：US5354903A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-11

申请号：US996742

申请日：1992-12-24

Applicant: Russell J. MacDonald

Inventor： Russell J. MacDonald

IPC: B01J41/14 ,  C08F220/60 ,  C07C233/38

CPC classification number: C08F220/60 ,  B01J41/14

Abstract: This invention is directed to producing highly concentrated solutions of methylenebisacrylamide and thereafter blending with ionogenous acrylic monomers to produce low porosity, highly crosslinked, water insoluble polymers.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及生产高度浓缩的亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶液，然后与离子丙烯酸单体共混以产生低孔隙率，高度交联的水不溶性聚合物。

公开(公告)号：US5203982A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US821675

申请日：1992-01-16

Applicant: Russell J. MacDonald

Inventor： Russell J. MacDonald

IPC: C08J5/22

CPC classification number: C08J5/2256 ,  C08J2325/04 ,  C08J5/2237

Abstract: This invention is directed to highly crosslinked, substantially water insoluble, cation exchange membranes prepared from homogeneous solutions comprising at least one substantially water soluble polar solvent (including water) at least one substantially water soluble polymerizable monomeric onium styrene sulfonate McKee type salt and/or substantially water soluble monomeric, polymerizable derivative thereof and at least one substantially water insoluble, di-, tri- or poly-ethylenic (vinyl or related) crosslinking monomer copolymerizable with said sulfonate salt. Membranes, especially useful in electrodialysis, may be obtained in "one-step" processes which require no further chemical reactions after polymerization.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及由均相溶液制备的高度交联，基本上不溶于水的阳离子交换膜，其包含至少一种基本上水溶性的极性溶剂（包括水）至少一种基本上水溶性的可聚合单体苯乙烯磺酸盐麦肯基型盐和/ 水溶性单体，其可聚合衍生物和至少一种可与所述磺酸盐共聚的至少一种基本上不溶于水，二，三或多烯属（乙烯基或相关）交联单体。 特别可用于电渗析的膜可以在聚合后不再需要化学反应的“一步”方法中获得。