Abstract:
A multilayer film with electrically switchable optical properties, includes arranged areally in the following order a first carrier film, a first electrically conductive layer, an active layer, a second electrically conductive layer, and a second carrier film. The multilayer film has within its area at least one first cutout and the at least one first cutout protrudes in the form of a through-hole through all layers of the multilayer film, the first cutout is filled with an electrically conductive filler compound, which electrically conductingly contacts the first electrically conductive layer within the first cutout, and a first busbar electrically conductingly contacts the electrically conducting filler compound.
Abstract:
A composite pane having electrically controllable optical properties, includes an outer pane, a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer, and an inner pane, a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, which is arranged between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, and a thermoplastic frame layer, which surrounds the functional element in the manner of a frame, wherein the outer pane and the inner pane are joined to one another via the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer, and the thermoplastic frame layer, and an optical waveguide is arranged at least partially between the outer pane and the inner pane.
Abstract:
A transparent pane having an electrically heatable coating and at least one coating-free zone that can be used, for example, as communication window, is presented. The electrically heatable coating is connected to two collecting electrodes, such that a supply voltage applied to the electrodes generates a heating current that flows via a heating field formed between the collecting electrodes, the heating field containing the coating-free zone whose zone-edge is formed, at least in sections, by the heatable coating. Other implementation details include provision of two electrical supply lines electrically connecting the two collecting electrodes to separate subdivisions of an additional electrode. In one case, the electrical supply lines run, at least in sections, in the heating field, in the coating-free zone, in a coating-free edge strip, in a subregion of the coating outside the heating field, and/or in the zone-edge. Methods for producing the transparent pane are also presented.
Abstract:
A transparent pane, having at least one heatable, electrically conductive coating connected to at least two collection electrodes, provided for electrically connecting to a supply voltage to generate a heating current that flows across a heating field formed between the at least two collection electrodes is described. The heating field includes at least one communication window free from the heatable, electrically conductive coating. The transparent pane further includes at least one heatable, electrically conductive coating. The additional electrode is connected to one of the two collection electrodes via a respective current supply line.
Abstract:
A vehicle pane for a head-up display having an outer face that faces external surroundings in the installed state and an inner face that faces a vehicle interior, includes at least one transparent pane; at least one masking strip in an edge region of the pane, and at least one reflection layer for reflecting light which is applied by printing, which is arranged in the region of the masking strip, on the vehicle-interior side of the masking strip.
Abstract:
A laminated pane with a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, includes a laminated stack sequence composed of an outer pane, a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer, and an inner pane, and a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, which functional element is arranged, at least in sections, between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, wherein at least one transparent body is arranged between the outer pane and the functional element and/or between the inner pane and the functional element in sections.
Abstract:
A composite pane, includes an outer pane having an outer-side surface and an interior-side surface, an inner pane having an outer-side surface and an interior-side surface, and a thermoplastic intermediate layer, which joins the interior-side surface of the outer pane to the outer-side surface of the inner pane. The composite pane has, between the outer and inner panes, a sun protection coating, which substantially reflects or absorbs rays outside the visible spectrum of solar radiation. The composite pane has, on the interior-side surface of the inner pane, a thermal-radiation-reflecting coating (low-E coating). The composite pane has a transmittance index A of 0.02 to 0.08, wherein the transmittance index A is determined according to the following formula A=TLcomposite glass pane/(TLlow-E-coated pane*TE). TL is the light transmittance and TE is the energy transmittance measured according to ISO 9050.
Abstract:
A composite pane for a head-up display is described. The composite pane has an upper edge and a lower edge, at least including an outer pane and an inner pane. The outer pane and the inner pane are joined to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer. A transparent, electrically conductive coating on the surface of the inner pane faces the intermediate layer. The thickness of the intermediate layer is variable at least in sections in the vertical course between the lower edge and the upper edge. The inner pane has a thickness less than 1.6 mm, the outer pane has a thickness of 2.1 mm to 4.5 mm, and the total thickness (d) of the composite pane is at least 4.4 mm.
Abstract:
A heatable laminated vehicle window for separating a vehicle interior from an outer surrounding area is presented. The vehicle window includes an outer pane bonded to an inner pane via a thermoplastic intermediate layer. An electrically heatable coating of the vehicle window is electrically connected to two busbars such that by applying a supply voltage across the two bus bars, a heating current that forms heating field flows between the two busbars. In one aspect, a metal element is arranged on or in the vehicle window such that heat is dissipated out of a region of the heating field that has elevated heat generation by means of thermal conduction of the metal element.
Abstract:
A method for measuring blowing structures of a prestressed disc is described. The method has the steps of: (a) irradiating at least one analysis area of the disc with linearly polarized light from a radiation source at an angle of incidence and recording an image at least of the analysis area at an angle of observation using at least one detector, (b) supplying the image to an evaluation unit, and (c) using the evaluation unit to read a brightness profile along an analysis line on the image, to determine the local maxima and the local minima of the brightness profile, and to determine an intensity index by means of the difference between a brightness mean of the local maxima and a brightness mean of the local minima.