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    Carbon-carbon piston architectures
    13.
    发明授权
    Carbon-carbon piston architectures 失效
    碳碳活塞结构

    公开(公告)号：US6116202A

    公开(公告)日：2000-09-12

    申请号：US291717

    申请日：1999-04-14

    Applicant: H. Kevin Rivers ,  Philip O. Ransone ,  G. Burton Northam ,  Francis A. Schwind

    Inventor： H. Kevin Rivers ,  Philip O. Ransone ,  G. Burton Northam ,  Francis A. Schwind

    IPC: C04B35/83 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F02F75/06

    CPC classification number: F02F3/00 ,  C04B35/83 ,  F02F7/0085 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0433 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2203/0808 ,  F05C2203/0882 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16

    Abstract: An improved structure for carbon--carbon composite piston architectures is disclosed. The improvement consists of replacing the knitted fiber, three-dimensional piston preform architecture described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,909,133 (Taylor et al.) with a two-dimensional lay-up or molding of carbon fiber fabric or tape. Initially, the carbon fabric or tape layers are prepregged with carbonaceous organic resins and/or pitches and are laid up or molded about a mandrel, to form a carbon-fiber reinforced organic-matrix composite part shaped like a "U" channel, a "T"-bar, or a combination of the two. The molded carbon-fiber reinforced organic-matrix composite part is then pyrolized in an inert atmosphere, to convert the organic matrix materials to carbon. At this point, cylindrical piston blanks are cored from the "U"-channel, "T"-bar, or combination part. These blanks are then densified by reimpregnation with resins or pitches which are subsequently carbonized. Densification is also accomplished by direct infiltration with carbon by vapor deposition processes. Once the desired density has been achieved, the piston billets are machined to final piston dimensions; coated with oxidation sealants; and/or coated with a catalyst. When compared to conventional steel or aluminum alloy pistons, the use of carbon--carbon composite pistons reduces the overall weight of the engine; allows for operation at higher temperatures without a loss of strength; allows for quieter operation; reduces the heat loss; and reduces the level of hydrocarbon emissions.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于碳 - 碳复合活塞结构的改进结构。 该改进包括更换美国专利中描述的针织纤维，三维活塞预制件结构。 No.4,909,133（Taylor等人），其具有碳纤维织物或胶带的二维叠层或成型。 最初，碳布或胶带层用碳质有机树脂和/或沥青预先预浸，并围绕心轴进行铺设或模塑，以形成形状如“U”通道的碳纤维增强的有机 - 基体复合材料部分，“ T“-bar或两者的组合。 然后将模制的碳纤维增强有机基复合材料部分在惰性气氛中进行热解，将有机基质材料转化为碳。 此时，圆柱形活塞坯料从“U”形通道，“T”型杆或组合部分是核心的。 然后通过用随后碳化的树脂或沥青再次浸渍来使这些坯料致密化。 致密化还可以通过气相沉积工艺直接渗透碳来实现。 一旦达到所需的密度，就将活塞坯料加工成最终的活塞尺寸; 涂有氧化密封剂; 和/或涂覆有催化剂。 与传统的钢或铝合金活塞相比，碳 - 碳复合活塞的使用降低了发动机的总体重量。 允许在较高温度下操作而不失去强度; 允许更安静的操作; 减少热损失; 并降低碳氢化合物排放的水平。

    Actuating plunger of an electromagnetic pump
    17.
    发明授权
    Actuating plunger of an electromagnetic pump 失效
    电磁泵的执行柱塞

    公开(公告)号：US5572922A

    公开(公告)日：1996-11-12

    申请号：US493286

    申请日：1995-06-21

    Applicant: Sung-Dai Moon

    Inventor： Sung-Dai Moon

    IPC: F04B53/14 ,  F04B17/04 ,  F01B31/00

    CPC classification number: F04B17/046 ,  F05C2201/0433 ,  F05C2251/12

    Abstract: Disclosed is an actuating plunger of an electromagnetic pump, the actuating plunger having a good magnetic characteristic so as to improve the operational efficiency of the electromagnetic pump and reduce the vibration and the operational noise due to the actuating plunger. The actuating plunger has a plunger head made by a high-temperature sintering. The plunger head has a cylindrical side wall, and a plurality of shoulders protruding inwards from a lower end of the cylindrical side wall. A piston is fixedly fitted in the middle of the shoulders. The piston extends downwards so as to be slidably fitted in a second cylinder.

    Abstract translation: 公开了电磁泵的致动柱塞，该致动柱塞具有良好的磁特性，以便提高电磁泵的操作效率，并减少由于致动柱塞引起的振动和操作噪音。 致动柱塞具有由高温烧结制成的柱塞头。 柱塞头具有圆柱形侧壁和从圆柱形侧壁的下端向内突出的多个肩部。 活塞固定在肩部的中间。 活塞向下延伸以便可滑动地装配在第二气缸中。

    Fluorine-containing benzophenone derivatives and use thereof
    18.
    发明授权
    Fluorine-containing benzophenone derivatives and use thereof 失效
    含氟二苯甲酮衍生物及其用途

    公开(公告)号：US5519078A

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-21

    申请号：US454589

    申请日：1995-05-30

    Applicant: Ryoko Osawa ,  Takashige Maekawa ,  Tatsuo Momii ,  Satoshi Kamata

    Inventor： Ryoko Osawa ,  Takashige Maekawa ,  Tatsuo Momii ,  Satoshi Kamata

    IPC: C08J5/18 ,  C07C49/83 ,  C07C49/84 ,  C07C69/63 ,  C07C69/708 ,  C07C69/712 ,  C07C311/06 ,  C07C311/24 ,  C08K5/07 ,  C08K5/132 ,  C08L27/12 ,  C09K3/00 ,  F04C2/107 ,  C08K5/13

    CPC classification number: C08K5/132 ,  C07C49/84 ,  C07C69/63 ,  C07C69/708 ,  F05C2201/0433 ,  F05C2203/0813

    Abstract: A fluorine-containing benzophenone derivative of the formula (1), (2) or (3):.PHI..sup.1 (--X.sup.1 --Q.sup.1 --R.sub.f.sup.1).sub.n (1).PHI..sup.2 --X.sup.2 --Q.sup.2 --R.sub.f.sup.2 --Q.sup.3 --X.sup.3 --.PHI..sup.3 (2).PHI..sup.4 --X.sup.4 --Q.sub.f --X.sup.5 --.PHI..sup.5 (3)wherein .PHI..sup.1 is a 2-hydroxybenzophenone structure of the formula ka-1: ##STR1## (wherein Y is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, each of k and m indicates the number of bond sites, k is an integer of from 0 to 3, and m is an integer of from 0 to 3, provided that 1.ltoreq.(k+m).ltoreq.4), n corresponds to (k+m) and is an integer of from 1 to 4, each of .PHI..sup.2, .PHI..sup.3, .PHI..sup.4 and .PHI..sup.5 is a 2-hydroxybenzophenone structure of the formula ka-1 wherein (k+m) is 1, each of X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4 and X.sup.5 is a single bond or an oxygen atom, Q.sup.1 is a single bond or a bivalent linking group having a carbon atom directly bonded to X.sup.1, each of Q.sup.2 and Q.sup.3 is a single bond or a bivalent linking group, R.sub.f.sup.1 is a monovalent polyfluorohydrocarbon group having from 2 to 22 carbon atoms, in which some of the carbon atoms may be substituted by ether oxygen atoms, R.sub.f.sup.2 is a bivalent polyfluorohydrocarbon group having from 2 to 22 carbon atoms, in which some of the carbon atoms may be substituted by ether oxygen atoms, and Q.sub.f is a bivalent linking group having at least one Q.sup.4 --R.sub.f.sup.1 (wherein Q.sup.4 is a bivalent linking group, and R.sub.f.sup.1 is as defined above).

    Abstract translation: 式（1），（2）或（3）的含氟二苯甲酮衍生物：PHI 1（-X1-Q1-Rf1）n（1）PHI2-X2-Q2-Rf2-Q3-X3-PH3 （2）PHI 4-X4-Qf-X5-PHI 5（3）其中PHI 1是式ka-1的2-羟基二苯甲酮结构：（ka-1）（其中Y是氢原子或 羟基，k和m各自表示键合位数，k为0〜3的整数，m为0〜3的整数，条件是1≤（k + m） 4）中，n对应于（k + m）且为1〜4的整数，PHI 2，PHI 3，PHI 4和PHI 5分别为式ka-1的2-羟基二苯甲酮结构，其中（k + m）为1，X1，X2，X3，X4和X5各自为单键或氧原子，Q1为单键或碳原子与X1直接键合的二价连接基团，Q2和Q3各自为 单键或二价连接基团，Rf1是具有2至22个碳原子的单价多氟烃基，其中一些碳原子可以被醚氧原子取代，Rf 2 是具有2至22个碳原子的二价多氟烃基，其中一些碳原子可以被醚氧原子取代，Qf是具有至少一个Q4-Rf1的二价连接基团（其中Q4是二价连接基团 ，Rf1如上所定义）。

    Thermally insulated piston
    20.
    发明授权
    Thermally insulated piston 失效
    绝热活塞

    公开(公告)号：US4531502A

    公开(公告)日：1985-07-30

    申请号：US495849

    申请日：1983-05-18

    Applicant: Howard Mizuhara

    Inventor： Howard Mizuhara

    IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F01B31/08 ,  F16J1/00

    CPC classification number: F02F3/12 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/0433 ,  F05C2201/0448

    Abstract: A thermally insulated piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a cast piston with a top wall having an annular recess, a cast iron annular cap in the recess, and a low thermal conductivity honeycomb structure between the cap and the bottom of the recess. The honeycomb structure has a plurality of cells, each formed of (stainless steel) foil filled with insulating material and brazed to the cap and to the bottom of the recess. This structure is a thermal barrier to the flow of heat from the cap to the main body of the piston, has high strength in compression and facilitates the adibatic expansion of gasses in the cylinder of the engine, particularly a diesel engine.

    Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的绝热活塞包括具有顶壁的铸造活塞，其具有环形凹部，凹部中的铸铁环形盖，以及在盖和凹部的底部之间的低热导率蜂窝结构。 蜂窝结构体具有多个单元，每个单元由填充有绝缘材料的（不锈钢）箔形成并钎焊到盖和凹部的底部。 这种结构是从帽到活塞主体的热量流动的热障碍物，具有高的压缩强度，并且有利于发动机气缸，特别是柴油发动机中气体的自动膨胀。

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