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    Integrated gasification process
    12.
    发明授权
    Integrated gasification process 失效
    综合气化过程

    公开(公告)号：US4353713A

    公开(公告)日：1982-10-12

    申请号：US173169

    申请日：1980-07-28

    Applicant: Shang-I Cheng

    Inventor： Shang-I Cheng

    IPC: C10J3/00 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/12 ,  C10J3/84

    CPC classification number: C10J3/007 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/12 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/0923 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  Y02P20/125

    Abstract: An integrated process for the gasification of coal alone or with other carbon-containing materials such as solid municipal wastes, biomass and sewage sludges, wherein the endothermic heat required by the gasification reaction is supplied at least in a significant part by the exothermic reaction of CaO in the form of calcined lime or dolomite with carbon dioxide. The CO.sub.2 is recycled to provide a high CO.sub.2 vapor pressure for the exothermic reaction. The calcium carbonate formed in the reaction is decomposed in a combustor to produce the CaO which is recycled to the gasification stage.

    Abstract translation: 用于单独或与其他含碳材料如固体城市废物，生物质和污水污泥气化的综合方法，其中气化反应所需的吸热至少在很大程度上由CaO的放热反应供应 以煅烧石灰或白云石与二氧化碳的形式。 CO 2被再循环以提供用于放热反应的高CO 2蒸气压。 反应中形成的碳酸钙在燃烧器中分解，生成再循环至气化阶段的CaO。

    Production of carbon monoxide from carbon
    13.
    发明授权
    Production of carbon monoxide from carbon 失效
    从碳生产一氧化碳

    公开(公告)号：US4309397A

    公开(公告)日：1982-01-05

    申请号：US172784

    申请日：1980-07-28

    Applicant: William G. Billings ,  James Scinta

    Inventor： William G. Billings ,  James Scinta

    IPC: C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/06

    CPC classification number: C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/725 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823

    Abstract: A process for the gasification of solid carbon comprising heating under suitable conditions a feed comprising finely divided particles formed by admixing finely divided particles of solid carbon with a slurry of zinc nitrate, removing enough of the liquid of said slurry to give a solid product, calcining said solid product at a temperature no greater than about 550.degree. C. to convert a substantial portion of the zinc material to zinc oxide, and then comminuting the calcined material to the desired particle size.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于固体碳气化的方法，包括在合适的条件下加热包含通过将细颗粒的固体碳与硝酸锌混合而形成的细碎颗粒的进料，除去足够的所述浆液的液体以得到固体产物，煅烧 所述固体产物在不大于约550℃的温度下将大部分锌材料转化为氧化锌，然后将煅烧的材料粉碎成所需的粒度。

    Production of a clean methane-rich fuel gas from high-sulfur containing hydrocarbonaceous materials
    15.
    发明授权
    Production of a clean methane-rich fuel gas from high-sulfur containing hydrocarbonaceous materials 失效
    从含高含硫烃质材料生产清洁的富甲烷燃料气体

    公开(公告)号：US3928000A

    公开(公告)日：1975-12-23

    申请号：US42947073

    申请日：1973-12-28

    Applicant: TEXACO INC

    Inventor： CHILD EDWARD T ,  ROBIN ALLEN M ,  SLATER WILLIAM L ,  RICHTER GEORGE N

    IPC: C10G9/38 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J29/00 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C07C1/02 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C07C9/04 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/06

    CPC classification number: C07C1/0435 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C07C1/0485 ,  C07C2521/04 ,  C07C2521/08 ,  C07C2521/16 ,  C07C2523/26 ,  C07C2523/28 ,  C07C2523/30 ,  C07C2523/75 ,  C07C2523/755 ,  C07C2523/882 ,  C07C2529/04 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/1662 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10L3/08 ,  Y02A50/2327 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  C07C9/04

    Abstract: This is an improved process for converting low-cost high-sulfur containing hydrocarbonaceous materials into a clean methane-rich gas stream which may be burned as a fuel without contaminating the atmosphere. A high-sulfur hydrocarbonaceous fuel is gasified by partial oxidation to produce a process gas stream which is cooled, cleaned and subjected to catalytic methanation over a sulfur-resistant catalyst comprising 0.8 to 10 atoms of an element selected from the group comprising Co, Cr, W or mixtures thereof per atom of an element selected from the group Mo, Ni, or mixtures thereof. The catalyst may be supported on a structure formed from Group III and IV elements e.g. alumina, silica stabilized alumina, zeolite. A distinct advantage of the subject process, is that the sulfur in the process gas stream is not removed prior to the methanation step. Rather, the sulfur is permitted to remain in the process gas stream in order to moderate the highly exothermic methanation reaction. After cooling and purification by removing one or more members of the group H2, CO, H2O, CO2, COS, H2S, Ar, and N2, the resulting methane-rich gas stream comprises about 10 to 95 mole % CH4. Optionally, the CH4 content of said methane-rich gas stream may be increased to about 98 mole % or more by the additional steps of water-gas shift conversion, catalytic methanation, cooling, drying and CO2 removal. The product gas would then have a gross heating value of about 1000 BTU/SCF.

    Abstract translation: 这是一种将低成本含高含硫烃类材料转化为清洁的富甲烷气流的改进方法，可将其作为燃料燃烧而不污染大气。 高硫含烃燃料通过部分氧化气化，产生一种工艺气体流，其被冷却，清洗并经过包含0.8-10个元素的选自Co，Cr， W或其混合物，每一元素选自Mo，Ni或其混合物。 催化剂可以负载在由III族和IV族元素形成的结构上。 氧化铝，二氧化硅稳定的氧化铝，沸石。 本发明方法的显着优点是，在甲烷化步骤之前，工艺气流中的硫不被除去。 相反，允许硫保留在工艺气流中，以缓和高度放热的甲烷化反应。 在通过除去H 2，CO，H 2 O，CO 2，COS，H 2 S，Ar和N 2组中的一种或多种成分冷却和纯化后，所得富甲烷气流包含约10至95摩尔％的CH 4。 通过水煤气变换转化，催化甲烷化，冷却，干燥和二氧化碳除去的附加步骤，所述富甲烷气流的CH 4含量可增加至约98％（摩尔）或更多。 然后产品气体的总热值为约1000BTU / SCF。

    Method for disposal of refuse by degasifying and gasification thereof
    16.
    发明授权
    Method for disposal of refuse by degasifying and gasification thereof 失效
    通过分解和排放处理废弃物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US3771263A

    公开(公告)日：1973-11-13

    申请号：US3771263D

    申请日：1971-02-22

    Applicant: BORGGREEN G

    Inventor： BORGGREEN G ,  KRAGH J ,  LAUSTSEN E

    IPC: C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  F23G5/027 ,  C10J3/20 ,  F23G5/00

    CPC classification number: C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0979 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  Y02P20/129

    Abstract: A method for disposal of refuse by degasifying and gasification thereof in a retort having gas exhaustion near its outlet end, and in which the refuse is heated to such a degree that within the retort a gasification zone is maintained with a temperature of not below 900*C, by which new method a substantial part of the heat required for heating the refuse within the retort is obtained by means of steam superheated to a temperature of above 900*C, preferably above 1200*C, which steam is introduced into the retort. Preferably the steam or a part thereof is conducted through the retort co-current with the refuse, but most conveniently a part of the superheated steam is introduced into the retort between the refuse inlet and the gasification zone. Also it is recommended that the refuse is preheated to a temperature of 500* to 700*C before being influenced by the superheated steam. In many cases it may be appropriate that also at least a part of the retort wall is directly heated. Most advantageously a retort of the type corresponding to a rotary kiln is used.

    Abstract translation: 一种通过在其出口附近具有气体排气的蒸馏器中通过其排气和气化处理垃圾的方法，并且其中将垃圾加热到在蒸煮器内在气化区内保持不低于900℃的温度的程度 C，通过这种新方法，通过过热至高于900℃，优选高于1200℃的温度，将蒸汽引入蒸馏器中的蒸汽获得用于加热蒸煮器内的垃圾所需的大部分热量。 优选地，蒸汽或其一部分通过与垃圾的蒸煮并流传导，但最方便地，过热蒸汽的一部分被引入垃圾入口和气化区之间的蒸馏器中。 另外建议在过热蒸汽影响之前将垃圾预热至500〜700℃的温度。 在许多情况下，也可以将蒸馏壁的至少一部分直接加热。 最有利地使用对应于回转窑的类型的蒸馏器。

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