公开(公告)号：US08557000B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-15

申请号：US12866350

申请日：2009-02-04

Applicant: Pradyot A. Agaskar

Inventor： Pradyot A. Agaskar

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C12P17/04 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/22

CPC classification number: C12P7/10 ,  C10G1/002 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  C10L2290/30 ,  C10L2290/543 ,  C10L2290/544 ,  C12P7/22 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: A process for converting lignocellulosic materials which are field residues such as cotton stalks and corn stover, process residues such as sugarcane bagasse and sweet sorghum bagasse, woody parts of energy crops such as switchgrass and miscanthus, forest residues or byproducts of the wood processing industries such as sawdust from sawmills to a liquid biofuel by a series of processing steps wherein the feed materials are hydrolysed in three stages and withdrawn as three product streams each consisting of solubilized fragments of one of the three major components of the feed materials and a set of concurrently operating processing steps wherein each of the three product streams is transformed through chemical or biochemical processes into products, such as pure lignin and ethanol, that have a high calorific value and process wherein these products with high calorific value are combined to form a liquid biofuel.

Abstract translation: 用于转化木质纤维素材料的方法，这些木质纤维素材料是诸如棉花秸秆和玉米秸秆的残留物，甘蔗渣和甜高粱甘蔗渣等过程残渣，诸如柳枝稷和芒草的能量作物的木质部分，木材加工业的森林残留物或副产品， 通过一系列加工步骤将锯木厂从锯木厂转移到液体生物燃料，其中进料以三个阶段水解并作为三个产物流排出，每个产物流由进料的三个主要成分之一的溶解碎片组成， 操作处理步骤，其中三个产物流中的每一个通过化学或生物化学过程转化成具有高发热量和过程的产物，例如纯木质素和乙醇，其中将这些具有高热值的产物组合以形成液体生物燃料。

公开(公告)号：US20130247448A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-26

申请号：US13429759

申请日：2012-03-26

Applicant: Robert S. Ampulski ,  Timothy E. Laska ,  John T. Turner ,  Sidney P. White

Inventor： Robert S. Ampulski ,  Timothy E. Laska ,  John T. Turner ,  Sidney P. White

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  B01J8/00

CPC classification number: C10L9/083 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G3/42 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/305 ,  C10G2400/02 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/64 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K3/026 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L1/06 ,  C10L2290/02 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/06 ,  C10L2290/08 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  C10L2290/24 ,  C10L2290/28 ,  C10L2290/46 ,  C10L2290/54 ,  C10L2290/562 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/18 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P20/146 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: Generation of a liquid fuel product in an integrated multiple zone plant is discussed. Syngas components are supplied to a methanol (CH3OH) synthesis reactor from outputs of a first zone containing a torrefaction unit and a second zone containing a biomass gasifier that are combined in parallel and that thermally decompose biomass at different operating temperatures. Char particles of the biomass generated in the first zone are fed to the biomass gasifier in the second zone. Gasoline is produced via a methanol to gasoline process in a third zone, which receives its methanol derived from the syngas components fed to the methanol synthesis reactor. The gasoline derived from biomass is blended with condensable volatile materials including C5+ hydrocarbons collected during the pyrolyzation of the biomass in the torrefaction unit in the first zone in order to increase an octane rating of the blended gasoline.

Abstract translation: 讨论了在综合多区工厂中生成液体燃料产品。 合成气组分从含有烘焙单元的第一区域和包含生物质气化器的第二区域的输出被提供到甲醇（CH 3 OH）合成反应器，所述第二区域并联并且在不同操作温度下热分解生物质。 在第一区域中产生的生物质的炭颗粒被供给到第二区域中的生物质气化器。 在第三区域中通过甲醇至汽油过程生产汽油，其接收来自进料到甲醇合成反应器的合成气组分的甲醇。 衍生自生物质的汽油与可冷凝挥发性物质混合，包括在第一区的烘焙装置中生物质热解期间收集的C5 +烃，以提高混合汽油的辛烷值。

公开(公告)号：US08480765B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-09

申请号：US13038010

申请日：2011-03-01

Applicant: Michael Siskin ,  Glen E. Phillips ,  Simon R. Kelemen

Inventor： Michael Siskin ,  Glen E. Phillips ,  Simon R. Kelemen

IPC: C10L1/00

CPC classification number: C10G3/40 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/4006 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L9/086 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: Biomass pyrolysis oil is converted into precursors for hydrocarbon transportation fuels by contacting the oil with liquid superheated water or supercritical water to depolymerize and deoxygenate the components of the oil and form the transportation fuel precursors. Temperatures above 200° C. and preferably above 300° C. are preferred with supercritical water at temperatures above 374° C. and pressures above 22 MPA providing the capability for fast conversion rates.

Abstract translation: 通过使油与液体过热水或超临界水接触来将生物质热解油转化为烃运输燃料的前体，以解聚和脱氧油组分并形成运输燃料前体。 超过200℃，优选高于300℃的温度优选超过374℃的超临界水，高于22MPA的压力提供快速转化率的能力。

公开(公告)号：US08465559B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US13540278

申请日：2012-07-02

Applicant: Donald F. Guay ,  Eric L. Singsaas

Inventor： Donald F. Guay ,  Eric L. Singsaas

IPC: C10L1/00

CPC classification number: C12P5/007 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/4081 ,  C10G2300/44 ,  C10L1/026 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: The present invention is a process and apparatus for forming various bio-products from cellulosic plant material. The plant material is subjected to a pulping step in which lignin is extracted from the material by an aqueous lignin solvent to form a lignin-solvent mixture and purified cellulose. The lignin-solvent mixture can be separated from the water to form a high energy density fuel that can be used independently or combined with biodiesel. The purified cellulose can be used in conventional processes, e.g., paper making, or can be converted to fermentable sugars with a cellulase enzyme to produce other bio-products depending on the operating conditions of the fermenter. The bio-products produced by the fermenter can include the solvent that may be recycled for use in extracting the lignin.

Abstract translation: 本发明是用于从纤维素植物材料形成各种生物产品的方法和装置。 对植物材料进行制浆步骤，其中通过含木质素溶剂从材料中提取木质素以形成木质素 - 溶剂混合物和纯化的纤维素。 木质素 - 溶剂混合物可以与水分离以形成可以独立使用或与生物柴油组合使用的高能量密度燃料。 纯化的纤维素可以用于常规方法，例如造纸，或者可以用纤维素酶转化为可发酵糖，以根据发酵罐的操作条件产生其他生物产物。 由发酵罐生产的生物产品可以包括可再循环用于提取木质素的溶剂。

公开(公告)号：US08465557B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12746140

申请日：2008-12-02

Applicant: Paul O'Connor

Inventor： Paul O'Connor

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10B53/02

CPC classification number: C10G1/047 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/086 ,  C10L9/086 ,  Y02E50/14

Abstract: A reactive distillation process is disclosed for converting aquatic biomass to a bio-oil. In the process a slurry of aquatic biomass is contacted with a particulate inorganic material. The mixture is heated to or above its boiling point. During the heating step biomass is converted to bio-oil. In a preferred embodiment water vapors emanating from the slurry are collected and condensed. The fresh water obtained may be used for irrigation, in human domestic uses, and for human consumption.

Abstract translation: 公开了将水生生物质转化为生物油的反应蒸馏方法。 在该过程中，水生生物质的浆液与颗粒状无机材料接触。 将混合物加热至或高于其沸点。 在加热阶段，生物质被转化为生物油。 在优选的实施方案中，从浆液中发出的水蒸汽被收集并冷凝。 所获得的淡水可用于灌溉，在家庭用途和人类消费。

公开(公告)号：US20130091760A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-18

申请号：US13348785

申请日：2012-01-12

Applicant: John R. Peterson ,  Christopher M. Yost

Inventor： John R. Peterson ,  Christopher M. Yost

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C07C69/74 ,  C07C61/00 ,  C07C49/00 ,  C07C31/08 ,  C07C31/20 ,  C07C31/22 ,  C07C31/04 ,  C07C31/24 ,  C07C31/18 ,  C07C53/122 ,  C07C47/00

CPC classification number: C07C29/60 ,  C07C29/00 ,  C07C29/76 ,  C07C29/80 ,  C07C31/225 ,  C07C31/04 ,  C07C31/08 ,  C07C31/10 ,  C07C31/205 ,  C07C33/03

Abstract: A method of production of value-added, biobased chemicals, derivative products, and/or purified glycerin from animal-based bioglycerin is described herein. A method of purification of animal-based bioglycerin is also described herein. The method of purification of animal-based bioglycerin described provides methods for desalinating, decolorizing, and/or concentrating animal-based bioglycerin for the production of biobased chemicals, derivative products, and/or purified glycerin.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了从动物基生物甘油生产增值，生物基化学品，衍生产物和/或纯化甘油的方法。 本文还描述了基于动物的生物甘油的纯化方法。 所述的基于动物的生物甘油的纯化方法提供了用于生产生物基化学品，衍生产物和/或纯化甘油的用于脱盐，脱色和/或浓缩基于动物的生物甘油的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20130089491A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-11

申请号：US13688564

申请日：2012-11-29

Applicant: JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation

Inventor： Tamotsu TANO ,  Takashi OYAMA ,  Toshiyuki ODA ,  Ippei FUJINAGA ,  Takashi SUZUKI

IPC: H01M4/38 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L1/00

CPC classification number: H01M4/38 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  C01B32/182 ,  C01B32/20 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/04 ,  H01M4/587 ,  H01M10/0525

Abstract: Provided is a raw petroleum coke composition as a raw material of an anode carbon material that can improve, when a battery is discharged at a high current, the ratio capable of maintaining the capacity obtained during discharge at a low current. More specifically, provided is a raw petroleum coke composition for an anode carbon material of a lithium ion secondary battery, the raw petroleum coke composition being produced by subjecting a heavy-oil composition to a delayed coking process, and comprising an atomic ratio of hydrogen atoms H to carbon atoms C(H/C atomic ratio) of 0.30 to 0.50, and a micro-strength of 7 to 17% by weight. Further provided are a method for producing an anode carbon material of a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising the steps of: pulverizing the raw petroleum coke composition into particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 30 μm, and subjecting the particles to carbonization and/or graphitization; and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising an anode comprising such a carbon material.

Abstract translation: 提供作为阳极碳材料的原料的原料石油焦炭组合物，其可以在电池以高电流放电时能够提高能够在低电流下保持放电期间获得的容量的比例。 更具体地，提供了一种用于锂离子二次电池的负极碳材料的原料石油焦炭组合物，该原料石油焦炭组合物是通过使重油组合物经受延迟焦化工艺制备的，并且包含氢原子的原子比 H与碳原子C（H / C原子比）为0.30〜0.50，微细强度为7〜17重量％。 还提供了一种锂离子二次电池的负极碳材料的制造方法，其特征在于，将原料石油焦炭组合物粉碎成平均粒径为5〜30μm的粒子，并对其进行碳化和/ 或石墨化; 以及包含由这种碳材料构成的阳极的锂离子二次电池。

公开(公告)号：US20130067802A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-21

申请号：US13234003

申请日：2011-09-15

Applicant: DAVID LEE SEIDEL ,  Daniel Adam Seidel

Inventor： DAVID LEE SEIDEL ,  Daniel Adam Seidel

IPC: C10L1/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/00 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10K1/04 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2900/50001 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/145

Abstract: The invention is a bioenergy and/or waste-to-energy process. The invention is a process using controlled pyrolysis reactions to convert biomass and carbon based waste material into carbon byproducts, biofuels and useable energy in the form of heat and/or electricity. The process includes one or more pyrolysis reaction chambers and a thermal oxidizer. Hot, oxygen-free exhaust gases from the thermal oxidizer are modulated through the pyrolysis reaction chambers to sustain the pyrolysis reaction. The exhaust gases along with the pyrolysis gases are drawn from the pyrolysis reaction chambers and routed to the thermal oxidizer. Combustion air is modulated into the thermal oxidizer through one or more ports to control combustion of the pyrolysis gases. After combustion, exhaust gases are recirculated to the pyrolysis reaction chambers to sustain the cycle.The invention proposes a process which is unique in four ways. Firstly, the process may convert any carboneous material, such as biocrops, animal waste, used tires, into bioproducts and biofuels.Secondly, the carbonization process is accomplished with no oxygen or combustion in the carbonization chambers.Thirdly, the modular arrangement of the process components allows easy adaptability to diverse process requirements.Fourthly, the mobility of the process material containers allows easy loading, transport, and unloading of the process material; and greatly reduces material handling requirements.

Abstract translation: 本发明是生物能源和/或废物能源过程。 本发明是使用受控的热解反应将生物质和碳基废料转化为碳副产物，生物燃料和以热和/或电的形式的可用能量的方法。 该方法包括一个或多个热解反应室和热氧化器。 来自热氧化剂的热的无氧废气通过热解反应室调节以维持热解反应。 废气与热解气体一起从热解反应室中抽出并被引导至热氧化器。 燃烧空气通过一个或多个端口调节到热氧化剂中，以控制热解气体的燃烧。 在燃烧之后，废气再循环到热解反应室以维持循环。 本发明提出了以四种方式独特的方法。 首先，该方法可将任何碳水化合物，例如生物作物，动物废物，二手轮胎转化为生物产物和生物燃料。 其次，碳化过程是在碳化室内没有氧气或燃烧的情况下完成的。 第三，过程组件的模块化布置允许轻松适应不同的过程要求。 第四，加工材料容器的流动性允许加工材料容易的装载，运输和卸载; 并大大降低了材料处理要求。

公开(公告)号：US08394254B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-12

申请号：US13087084

申请日：2011-04-14

Applicant: Scott Lee Wellington ,  Stanley Nemec Milam

Inventor： Scott Lee Wellington ,  Stanley Nemec Milam

IPC: C10M101/02 ,  C10L1/00

CPC classification number: C10G45/00 ,  C10G65/04 ,  C10L1/04 ,  Y02P20/142

Abstract: A crude product composition is provided. The crude product composition contains from 0.001 wt. % to 5 wt. % residue. The crude product composition contains hydrocarbons having a boiling point in the ranges of at most 204° C., from 204° C. to 300° C., from 300° C. to 400° C., and from 400° C. to 538° C. The hydrocarbons boiling in a range of at most 204° C. comprise paraffins, where the paraffins comprise iso-paraffins and n-paraffins, and the weight ratio of iso-paraffins to n-paraffins is at most 1.4.

Abstract translation: 提供粗产物组合物。 粗产物组合物含有0.001wt。 ％至5wt。 ％残留。 粗产物组合物含有沸点在204℃至300℃，300℃至400℃，400℃至400℃的范围内的烃 沸点在204℃以下的烃包括石蜡，其中链烷烃包含异链烷烃和正链烷烃，异链烷烃与正链烷烃的重量比至多为1.4。

公开(公告)号：US08361171B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-29

申请号：US12522501

申请日：2008-01-09

Applicant: Keith Waldron ,  Timothy Brocklehurst

Inventor： Keith Waldron ,  Timothy Brocklehurst

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10L5/42 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C05F11/08

CPC classification number: C05F9/04 ,  C05F17/0036 ,  C05F17/0072 ,  C05F17/02 ,  Y02A40/216 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02W30/43 ,  Y02W30/47

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a plant growth medium comprising the following steps: a) providing an amount of bioorganic matter; b) contacting the bioorganic matter with one or more microbial agents capable of degrading the bioorganic matter to produce a decomposition product; and c) treating the decomposition product produced in step (b) to inhibit the degradation process prior to its completion. The invention further provides a bioreactor and a kit for performing that method, and a plant growth medium. In an embodiment, the plant growth medium is a peat-substitute material.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种生产植物生长培养基的方法，包括以下步骤：a）提供一定量的生物有机物; b）使生物有机物质与能够降解生物有机物质的一种或多种微生物剂接触以产生分解产物; 和c）处理在步骤（b）中产生的分解产物，以在其完成之前抑制降解过程。 本发明还提供了用于实施该方法的生物反应器和试剂盒以及植物生长培养基。 在一个实施方案中，植物生长培养基是泥炭替代材料。