摘要:
The present invention describes methods for producing antibody libraries, and particularly for increasing antibody library diversity by inducing mutagenesis within the CDR regions of immunoglobulin heavy or light chains that are displayed on the surface of filamentous phage particles comprising the library. The invention also describes oligonucleotides useful for increasing the library diversity, and universal light chains useful in the library production methods.
摘要:
Single chain, monomeric polypeptide gene switches are provided. The gene switches include ligand binding domains and at least one functional domain. Preferred functional domains are DNA binding domains and transcriptional regulating domains. Methods of regulating gene function using the switches are also provided.
摘要:
Catalytic antibodies, including 38C2 and 33F12, are capable of efficiently catalyzing a wide variety of ketone-ketone, ketone-aldehyde, aldehyde-ketone, and aldehyde-aldehyde intermolecular aldol reactions, and in some cases to catalyze their subsequent dehydration to yield aldol condensation products. A number of intramolecular aldol reactions have also been defined. Catalysis of all intramolecular aldol reactions examined yields the corresponding condensation products.
摘要:
Catalytic antibodies, including 38C2 and 33F12, are capable of efficiently catalyzing a wide variety of ketone-ketone, ketone-aldehyde, aldehyde-ketone, and aldehyde-aldehyde intermolecular aldol reactions, and in some cases to catalyze their subsequent dehydration to yield aldol condensation products. A number of intramolecular aldol reactions have also been defined. Catalysis of all intramolecular aldol reactions examined yields the corresponding condensation products.
摘要:
Three monoclonal aldolase antibodies, generated against a &bgr;-diketone hapten by reactive immunization, catalyzed rapid and highly enantioselective retro-aldol reactions providing ent-9a-k by kinetic resolution. Compounds 9a, 9g and 9k were resolved in multi-gram quantities using 0.005-0.0004 mol % antibody catalyst. Enantiomerically pure starting materials, 9a-k, are useful synthons for the construction of epothilones A-E (2-6) and their analogs including 13-alkyl derivatives. Previously, the use of compound 9a as a synthon was reported in the preparation of epothilones A-D, 2-5. To further expand this synthon-based strategy, syntheses of epothilone E, 6, 13-methyl epothilone C, 7, and their trans-isomers have been achieved starting from enantiomerically pure thiazole aldols 9g and 9a, respectively, prepared by large-scale antibody catalyzed resolutions.
摘要:
Nine efficient aldolase antibodies were generated using hapten 2. This hapten combines, in a single molecule, structural components employed for reactive immunization with structural components employed for forming a transition state analog of the aldol reaction. Characterization of two of these antibodies reveals that they are highly proficient (up to 1000-fold better than any other antibody catalyst) and enantioselective catalysts for aldol and retro-aldol reactions and exhibit enantio- and diastereo- selectivities opposite that of antibody 38C2.
摘要:
Zinc finger proteins of the Cys.sub.2 His.sub.2 type represent a class of malleable DNA binding proteins which may be selected to bind diverse sequences. Typically, zinc finger proteins containing three zinc finger domains, like the murine transcription factor Zif268 and the human transcription factor Sp1, bind nine contiguous base pairs (bp). To create a class of proteins which would be generally applicable to target unique sites within complex genomes, the present invention provides a polypeptide linker that fuses two three-finger proteins. Two six-fingered proteins were created and demonstrated to bind 18 contiguous bp of DNA in a sequence specific fashion. Expression of these proteins as fusions to activation or repression domains allows transcription to be specifically up or down modulated within cells. Polydactyl zinc finger proteins are broadly applicable as genome-specific transcriptional switches in gene therapy strategies and the development of novel transgenic plants and animals. Such proteins are useful for inhibiting, activating or enhancing gene expression from a zinc finger-nucleotide binding motif containing promoter or other transcriptional control element, as well as a structural gene or RNA sequence.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to chimeric recombinases comprising a serine recombinase operatively linked to a zinc finger nucleotide binding domain such that the chimeric recombinase protein catalyzes site-specific recombination at a DNA site specifically bound by the zinc finger nucleotide binding domain. The serine recombinase can be one of several naturally occurring serine recombinases. The invention also includes nucleic acids encoding the chimeric recombinases, vectors including the nucleic acids, host cells transformed or transfected with the vectors, methods of using the chimeric recombinases to carry out recombination, methods of using substrate-linked protein evolution to generate additional chimeric recombinases, methods of using the chimeric recombinases for gene therapy, and pharmaceutical compositions.
摘要:
Antibodies containing one or more modular recognition domains (MRDs) that can be used to target the antibodies to specific sites are described. The use of antibodies containing one or more modular recognition domains to treat disease, and methods of making antibodies containing one or more modular recognition domains are also described.
摘要:
Provided herein are zinc linger nucleases having altered, arid in particular, improved catalytic activity and methods of generating such nucleases. Accordingly, there are provided methods for identifying improved catalytic activity of a ZFN by expressing a mutated zinc finger nuclease in a cell containing a reporter construct with a toxic gene, and a zinc finger nuclease cleavage site that is recognized by the ZFN. Survival of the cell is positively correlated with catalytic activity of the ZFN; thus, libraries of mutated ZFKs may be selected for altered catalytic activity based on relative survival rates, Methods of using identified ZFNs are also provided.