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37 条记录 (耗时 0.031 秒)

    Space-time bit-interleaved coded modulation for wideband transmission
    23.
    发明授权
    Space-time bit-interleaved coded modulation for wideband transmission 有权
    用于宽带传输的时空位交织编码调制

    公开(公告)号：US07359313B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-04-15

    申请号：US10178923

    申请日：2002-06-24

    申请人： Albert Chan ,  Inkyu Lee ,  Carl-Erik Wilhelm Sundberg

    发明人： Albert Chan ,  Inkyu Lee ,  Carl-Erik Wilhelm Sundberg

    IPC分类号： H04J11/00

    CPC分类号： H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/0055 ,  H04L1/0071 ,  H04L1/0618 ,  H04L25/03171 ,  H04L25/067 ,  H04L27/22 ,  H04L27/38 ,  H04L2025/03414 ,  H04L2025/0342 ,  H04L2025/03426

    摘要： A system employs space-time coding characterized at the transmitter by bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) combined with multi-carrier Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. Space-Time coding techniques improve transmission efficiency in radio channels by using multiple transmit and/or receive antennas and coordination of the signaling over these antennas. Bit-interleaved coded modulation provides good diversity gain with higher-order modulation schemes that employ binary convolutional codes. OFDM modulation allows for wideband transmission over frequency selective radio channels. A receiver demodulates the OFDM signal and applies multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) demapping to estimate the BICM encoded bitstream. After deinterleaving of the BICM encoded bitstream, maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding is applied to the resulting bit stream to generate soft output values. The MIMO demapping and MAP decoding processes exchange likelihood information to improve the bit error rate performance over several iterations of demapping/decoding. By applying well-known turbo-decoding principles to iteratively demap and decode, the overall receiver performance is significantly improved.

    摘要翻译： 一种系统采用通过与多载波正交频分复用（OFDM）调制组合的比特交织编码调制（BICM）在发射机上表征的时空编码。 空时编码技术通过使用多个发射和/或接收天线以及通过这些天线协调信令来提高无线电信道中的传输效率。 位交织编码调制通过采用二进制卷积码的高阶调制方案提供了良好的分集增益。 OFDM调制允许通过频率选择性无线电信道进行宽带传输。 接收机解调OFDM信号并应用多输入多输出（MIMO）解映射来估计BICM编码比特流。 在对BICM编码的比特流进行解交织之后，对得到的比特流应用最大后验（MAP）解码以产生软输出值。 MIMO解映射和MAP解码处理交换似然信息，以在多次重映射/解码的迭代中提高误码率性能。 通过应用众所周知的turbo解码原理进行迭代解映射和解码，整体接收机性能得到显着提高。

    Chiral Tertiary Aminoalkylnaphthols
    24.
    发明申请
    Chiral Tertiary Aminoalkylnaphthols 失效
    手性三氨基烷基萘酚

    公开(公告)号：US20070225497A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-27

    申请号：US11578708

    申请日：2005-05-11

    申请人： Albert Chan ,  Gang Chen ,  Rongwei Guo ,  Jing Wu

    发明人： Albert Chan ,  Gang Chen ,  Rongwei Guo ,  Jing Wu

    IPC分类号： C07F9/6512 ,  B01J31/12 ,  C07D233/96

    CPC分类号： B01J31/2409 ,  B01J2231/44 ,  B01J2531/16 ,  B01J2531/821 ,  B01J2531/822 ,  B01J2531/824 ,  B01J2531/827 ,  B01J2531/828 ,  B01J2531/847 ,  C07F9/6512 ,  C07F15/0066

    摘要： The present invention provides bipyrimidinyl diphosphine compounds of the formula wherein R is optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; R′ and R″ are independently optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; or an enantiomer thereof; or an enantiomeric mixture thereof. The compounds of the formula (I) are chiral atropisomeric bipyrimidinyl diphosphine compounds and, thus, may be employed as ligands to generate chiral transition metal catalysts which may be applied in a variety of asymmetric reactions, e.g., in palladium catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions. The compounds of the present invention are easily accessible in high enantiomeric purity according to the methods disclosed herein.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供下式的二嘧啶基二膦化合物其中R是任选取代的烷基，环烷基，芳基或杂芳基; R'和R“独立地是任选取代的烷基，环烷基，芳基或杂芳基; 或其对映体; 或其对映体混合物。 式（I）的化合物是手性的不对称双嘧啶基二膦化合物，因此可以用作配体以产生手性过渡金属催化剂，其可以用于各种不对称反应，例如钯催化的不对称烯丙基取代反应。 根据本文公开的方法，本发明的化合物可以以高对映体纯度容易地获得。

    Reduced complexity receiver for space-time- bit-interleaved coded modulation
    25.
    发明授权
    Reduced complexity receiver for space-time- bit-interleaved coded modulation 有权
    用于空时位交织编码调制的复杂度降低的接收机

    公开(公告)号：US07095812B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

    申请号：US10178922

    申请日：2002-06-24

    申请人： Albert Chan ,  Inkyu Lee ,  Carl-Erik Wilhelm Sundberg

    发明人： Albert Chan ,  Inkyu Lee ,  Carl-Erik Wilhelm Sundberg

    IPC分类号： H03D1/00 ,  H04L27/06

    CPC分类号： H04L1/0055 ,  H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/0071 ,  H04L1/0631 ,  H04L25/03171 ,  H04L25/067 ,  H04L27/22 ,  H04L27/38 ,  H04L2025/03414 ,  H04L2025/0342 ,  H04L2025/03426

    摘要： A system employs space-time coding characterized at the transmitter by bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) combined with modulating several streams of the BICM encoded data for transmission over two or more antennas. Space-time coding techniques improve transmission efficiency in radio channels by using multiple transmit and/or receive antennas and coordination of the signaling over these antennas. Bit-interleaved coded modulation provides good diversity gain with higher-order modulation schemes that employ binary convolutional codes. A receiver demodulates the received signals and applies multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) demapping to estimate the BICM encoded bitstream. After deinterleaving of the BICM encoded bitstream, maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding is applied to the resulting bit stream to generate soft output values. By applying well-known turbo-decoding principles to iteratively demap and decode, the overall receiver performance is significantly improved. The MIMO demapping and MAP decoding processes exchange likelihood information to improve the bit error rate performance over several iterations of demapping/decoding. By generating tentative decisions for transmitted bits, the overall number of evaluations used for demapping may be reduced.

    摘要翻译： 系统采用空间时间编码，其特征在于发射机采用与BICM编码数据调制的数个流相结合的比特交织编码调制（BICM），以便在两个或多个天线上进行传输。 空时编码技术通过使用多个发射和/或接收天线以及通过这些天线协调信令来提高无线电信道中的传输效率。 位交织编码调制通过采用二进制卷积码的高阶调制方案提供了良好的分集增益。 接收机解调接收到的信号并应用多输入多输出（MIMO）解映射来估计BICM编码比特流。 在对BICM编码的比特流进行解交织之后，对得到的比特流应用最大后验（MAP）解码以产生软输出值。 通过应用众所周知的turbo解码原理进行迭代解映射和解码，整体接收机性能得到显着提高。 MIMO解映射和MAP解码处理交换似然信息，以在多次重映射/解码的迭代中提高误码率性能。 通过产生传输比特的暂定决定，可以减少用于解映射的评估的总数。

    Radioactively coated devices
    27.
    发明授权
    Radioactively coated devices 有权
    放射性涂层设备

    公开(公告)号：US06676988B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

    申请号：US10014606

    申请日：2001-12-14

    申请人： Albert Chan ,  Stephen M. Oelsner ,  Thomas J. Simpson ,  Sonia Corrent

    发明人： Albert Chan ,  Stephen M. Oelsner ,  Thomas J. Simpson ,  Sonia Corrent

    IPC分类号： A61L2700

    CPC分类号： A61K51/12 ,  A61K51/1282 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  A61N2005/1019

    摘要： This invention relates to radioactively coated devices, preferably radioctively coated medical devices. These coated devices are characterized as having a low rate of leaching of the radioisotope from the surface of the coated device and a uniform radioactive coating, and are therefore suitable for use within biological systems. Methods for coating a device with a radioisotope comprising are also disclosed. One method comprises immersing the device within a solution containing a &ggr;, &bgr;+, &agr;, &bgr;− or &egr; (electron capture) emitting radioisotope, then exposing the immersed substrate to tuned vibrational cavitation to produce a coated substrate. A second method involves coating a substrate using electroless plating, and yet a third method involves the use of electroplating a radioisotope onto a substate of interest. With these methods, the coating procedures are followed by baking the coated substrate at a temperature below the recrystallization temperature of the substrate. Substrates coated using the methods of this invention exhibit very low rates of leaching of the coated radioisotope, and are suitable for use within medical applications, for example as stents, catheters, seeds, protheses, vavles, staples and other wound closure devices, where a localized therapeutic treatment is desired.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及放射性涂覆的装置，优选放射性涂覆的医疗装置。 这些涂覆装置的特征在于放射性同位素从涂覆装置的表面浸出的速度低，并且具有均匀的放射性涂层，因此适用于生物系统。 还公开了包含放射性同位素的装置的涂覆方法。 一种方法包括将装置浸入含有γ，β，α，β或ε（电子捕获）发射放射性同位素的溶液中，然后将浸没的基底暴露于调谐的振动空化以产生涂覆的基底。 第二种方法包括使用无电镀来涂覆基底，然而第三种方法涉及将放射性同位素电镀到感兴趣的基底上。 利用这些方法，涂覆过程之后，在低于基材的再结晶温度的温度下烘烤涂覆的基材。 使用本发明的方法涂覆的底物显示出非常低的涂覆放射性同位素浸出率，并且适用于医疗应用中，例如作为支架，导管，种子，补片，气泡，缝钉和其它伤口闭合装置，其中 需要局部治疗。

    TTL buffer circuit incorporating active pull-down transistor
    29.
    发明授权
    TTL buffer circuit incorporating active pull-down transistor 失效
    包含有源下拉晶体管的TTL缓冲电路

    公开(公告)号：US4634898A

    公开(公告)日：1987-01-06

    申请号：US554474

    申请日：1983-11-22

    申请人： Gary Gouldsberry ,  Albert Chan ,  Cyrus Tsui ,  Mark Fitzpatrick

    发明人： Gary Gouldsberry ,  Albert Chan ,  Cyrus Tsui ,  Mark Fitzpatrick

    IPC分类号： H03K19/013 ,  H03K19/088 ,  H03K17/04 ,  H03K17/60

    CPC分类号： H03K19/013 ,  H03K19/0136 ,  H03K19/088

    摘要： A unique double inversion buffer has a first means to invert and isolate the digital input signal, a second means to reinvert and further isolate the input signal, and an output means including an output transistor 94. The double inversion buffer is configured with active pull-down means on the output transistor 92. The high-to-low propagation delay time and the low-to-high propagation delay times through the double inversion buffer and reduced by use of the active pull-down means. Rapid turnoff of the output transistor is accomplished by coupling a transistor to its base to instantaneously turn it off. In a preferred embodiment, a clamping circuit 201 is used to hold the output voltage at a maximum predetermined level to further reduce the time it takes to reduce the output voltage to the logical "0" state.

    摘要翻译： 独特的双反相缓冲器具有第一装置，用于反转和隔离数字输入信号，第二装置重新转换并进一步隔离输入信号，以及包括输出晶体管94的输出装置。双反相缓冲器配置有主动上拉电阻， 输出晶体管92的下降装置。通过双重反转缓冲器的高到低的传播延迟时间和低到高的传播延迟时间通过使用有源下拉装置而减少。 输出晶体管的快速关断是通过将晶体管耦合到其基极来实时地将其截止的。 在优选实施例中，钳位电路201用于将输出电压保持在最大预定电平，以进一步减少将输出电压降低到逻辑“0”状态所花费的时间。