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公开(公告)号：US09787329B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-10
申请号：US14883657
申请日：2015-10-15
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Tomer Ish-Shalom , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: H03M13/2906 , H03M13/098 , H03M13/19 , H03M13/616 , H03M13/617
Abstract: An apparatus for data coding includes an encoder and a decoder. The encoder is configured to receive input data including one or more m-bit data groups that are associated with respective group indices, to generate a code word that includes the input data and an m-bit redundancy that depends on the data groups and on the respective group indices, and to send the code word over a channel. The decoder is connected to the channel and is configured to produce a syndrome that equals zero when the code word is error-free, and when the code word contains a single error caused by the channel, is indicative of an erroneous group in which the single error occurred, and of a location of the single error within the erroneous group, and to recover the input data by correcting the single error at the location in the erroneous group.
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公开(公告)号：US09697075B2
公开(公告)日：2017-07-04
申请号：US14847037
申请日：2015-09-08
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Yonathan Tate , Barak Baum , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: G06F11/1068 , G11C7/14 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/28
Abstract: A method includes storing data encoded with an ECC in a group of memory cells by writing respective storage values to the memory cells. Multiple sets of readout results are read from the memory cells by comparing the storage values to one or more threshold combinations, each including multiple read thresholds. A plurality of partial syndromes of the ECC is computed, each partial syndrome computed over the readout results that were read using a respective threshold combination. A respective syndrome is calculated for each threshold combination, in at least a subset of all possible threshold combinations, based on one or more of the partial syndromes associated with that threshold combination. A preferred threshold combination is selected, from among the threshold combinations, for which a weight of the respective syndrome is minimal, by processing less than all the partial syndromes associated with all the possible threshold combinations.
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公开(公告)号：US20170068591A1
公开(公告)日：2017-03-09
申请号：US14847037
申请日：2015-09-08
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Yonathan Tate , Barak Baum , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: G06F11/1068 , G11C7/14 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/28
Abstract: A method includes storing data encoded with an ECC in a group of memory cells by writing respective storage values to the memory cells. Multiple sets of readout results are read from the memory cells by comparing the storage values to one or more threshold combinations, each including multiple read thresholds. A plurality of partial syndromes of the ECC is computed, each partial syndrome computed over the readout results that were read using a respective threshold combination. A respective syndrome is calculated for each threshold combination, in at least a subset of all possible threshold combinations, based on one or more of the partial syndromes associated with that threshold combination. A preferred threshold combination is selected, from among the threshold combinations, for which a weight of the respective syndrome is minimal, by processing less than all the partial syndromes associated with all the possible threshold combinations.
Abstract translation: 一种方法包括通过将相应的存储值写入存储器单元来将通过ECC编码的数据存储在一组存储器单元中。 通过将存储值与一个或多个阈值组合进行比较，每组包括多个读取阈值，从存储器单元读取多组读出结果。 计算出ECC的多个部分综合征，使用相应的阈值组合读取的读出结果计算每个部分校正子。 基于与该阈值组合相关联的一个或多个部分综合征，在所有可能的阈值组合的至少一个子集中针对每个阈值组合计算相应的综合征。 通过处理小于与所有可能的阈值组合相关联的所有部分综合征，从相应综合征的权重最小的阈值组合中选择优选阈值组合。
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Patent Agency Ranking
24.发明授权Correcting soft reliability measures of storage values read from memory cells 有权更正从存储单元读取的存储值的软可靠性度量公开(公告)号：US09489257B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-08
申请号：US14499207
申请日：2014-09-28
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Tomer Ish-Shalom , Eyal Gurgi , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: G06F11/1068 , G06F11/1012 , G11C29/52 , H03M13/45
Abstract: A method for data storage includes reading storage values, which represent stored data, from a group of memory cells using read thresholds, and deriving respective soft reliability metrics for the storage values. The storage values are classified into two or more subgroups based on a predefined classification criterion. Independently within each subgroup, a subgroup-specific distribution of the storage values in the subgroup is estimated, and the soft reliability metrics of the storage values in the subgroup are corrected based on the subgroup-specific distribution. The stored data is decoded using the corrected soft reliability metrics.
Abstract translation: 一种用于数据存储的方法包括：使用读取阈值从一组存储器单元读取表示存储数据的存储值，以及导出用于存储值的相应的软可靠性度量。 基于预定义的分类标准将存储值分类为两个或更多个子组。 在每个子组内独立地估计子组中存储值的子组特定分布，并且基于子组特定分布来校正子组中的存储值的软可靠性度量。 使用校正的软可靠性度量对存储的数据进行解码。
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公开(公告)号：US09473176B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-18
申请号：US14555612
申请日：2014-11-27
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Moti Teitel , Micha Anholt
CPC classification number: H04L9/0643 , G06F7/724 , H03M13/158
Abstract: A method, including factoring an order of a multiplicative group of a Galois Field to produce a first integer factor p and a second integer factor q, wherein the multiplicative group includes (2m−1) elements, m a non-negative integer, so that 2m−1=pq. The method further includes receiving an element x of the Galois Field expressible as α(qi+j), where α is a primitive element of the group, i is a first non-negative integer less than p, and j is a second integer less than q. An inverse or a logarithm of the element x is calculated as a function of qi and j.
Abstract translation: 一种方法，包括对Galois Field的乘法组的顺序进行分解以产生第一整数因子p和第二整数因子q，其中乘法组包括（2m-1）个元素，非负整数，使得2m -1 = pq。 该方法还包括接收可以表达为α（qi + j）的伽罗瓦域的元素x，其中α是该组的原始元素，i是小于p的第一非负整数，j是第二整数小于 比q。 作为qi和j的函数计算元素x的倒数或对数。
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公开(公告)号：US20160182087A1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-23
申请号：US14574411
申请日：2014-12-18
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Naftali Sommer , Moti Teitel , Micha Anholt
IPC: H03M13/11
CPC classification number: H03M13/1148 , H03M13/1128 , H03M13/1142 , H03M13/1174 , H03M13/2963 , H03M13/2975 , H03M13/3715 , H03M13/453
Abstract: A decoder includes circuitry and a soft decoder. The circuitry is configured to receive channel hard decisions for respective bits of a Generalized Low-Density Parity Check (GLDPC) code word that includes multiple component code words, including first and second component code words having one or more shared bits, to schedule decoding of the GLDPC code word, and following the decoding, to output the decoded GLDPC code word. The soft decoder is configured to receive the channel hard decisions corresponding to the first component code word, to further receive soft reliability measures that were assigned to the shared bits in decoding the second component code word, and to decode the first component code word based on the channel hard decisions and the soft reliability measures.
Abstract translation: 解码器包括电路和软解码器。 电路被配置为接收包括多个分量码字的广义低密度奇偶校验（GLDPC）码字的各个比特的信道硬判决，该多个分量码字包括具有一个或多个共享比特的第一和第二分量码字，以调度 GLDPC码字，并在解码之后，输出解码的GLDPC码字。 软解码器被配置为接收与第一分量码字相对应的信道硬判决，以进一步接收在解码第二分量码字时分配给共享比特的软可靠性度量，并且基于 渠道硬决策和软可靠性措施。
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公开(公告)号：US20160156368A1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-02
申请号：US14555612
申请日：2014-11-27
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Moti Teitel , Micha Anholt
CPC classification number: H04L9/0643 , G06F7/724 , H03M13/158
Abstract: A method, including factoring an order of a multiplicative group of a Galois Field to produce a first integer factor p and a second integer factor q, wherein the multiplicative group includes (2m−1) elements, m a non-negative integer, so that 2m−1=pq. The method further includes receiving an element x of the Galois Field expressible as α(qi+j), where α is a primitive element of the group, i is a first non-negative integer less than p, and j is a second integer less than q. An inverse or a logarithm of the element x is calculated as a function of qi and j.
Abstract translation: 一种方法，包括对Galois Field的乘法组的顺序进行分解以产生第一整数因子p和第二整数因子q，其中乘法组包括（2m-1）个元素，非负整数，使得2m -1 = pq。 该方法还包括接收可以表达为α（qi + j）的伽罗瓦域的元素x，其中α是该组的原始元素，i是小于p的第一个非负整数，j是第二个整数， 比q。 作为qi和j的函数计算元素x的倒数或对数。
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28.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20160154697A1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-02
申请号：US14555608
申请日：2014-11-27
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Moti Teitel , Tomer Ish-Shalom
CPC classification number: H03M13/2918 , G06F11/1048 , G06F11/1076 , H03M13/1148 , H03M13/2963 , H03M13/616
Abstract: A method for Error Correction Code (ECC) encoding includes receiving data to be encoded. The data is encoded to produce a composite code word that includes multiple component code words. Each component code word in at least a subset of the component code words is encoded in accordance with a respective component code and has at least one respective bit in common with each of the other component code words.
Abstract translation: 用于纠错码（ECC）编码的方法包括接收要编码的数据。 数据被编码以产生包括多个分量码字的复合码字。 在分量码字的至少一个子集中的每个分量码字根据相应的分量码进行编码，并且具有至少一个与每个其它分量码字相同的相应位。
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