公开(公告)号：US20050136423A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-23

申请号：US10841413

申请日：2004-05-07

申请人： Christian Paulus ,  Petra Schindler-Bauer

发明人： Christian Paulus ,  Petra Schindler-Bauer

IPC分类号： C12M1/34 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/543

CPC分类号： G01N33/5438

摘要： Method for detecting macromolecular biopolymers using a unit for immobilizing macromolecular biopolymers, in which the unit is provided with first molecules serving as capture molecules. The method includes the steps of bringing a sample into contact with the unit, it being possible for the sample to contain the macromolecular biopolymers, and the macromolecular biopolymers or the first molecules having a marking which is used to generate a detectable signal, binding macromolecular biopolymers contained in the sample to the capture molecules, thereby forming complexes comprising capture molecules and macromolecular biopolymers, exciting the emission of a signal by means of the marking, detecting the signal emitted by means of the marking, separating the complexes comprising capture molecules and macromolecular biopolymers, thereby altering the intensity of the emitted signal, and detecting the separation of the complexes comprising capture molecules and macromolecular biopolymers by means of the change in the intensity of the signal.

摘要翻译： 使用用于固定大分子生物聚合物的单元检测大分子生物聚合物的方法，其中该单元具有用作捕获分子的第一分子。 该方法包括使样品与单元接触的步骤，样品可以含有大分子生物聚合物，大分子生物聚合物或具有用于产生可检测信号的标记的第一分子，结合大分子生物聚合物 包含在捕获分子中的样品，从而形成包含捕获分子和大分子生物聚合物的复合物，通过标记激发信号的发射，检测通过标记发射的信号，分离包含捕获分子和大分子生物聚合物的复合物 从而改变发射信号的强度，并通过信号强度的变化来检测包含捕获分子和大分子生物聚合物的络合物的分离。

公开(公告)号：US06819147B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-16

申请号：US10297496

申请日：2003-04-07

申请人： Christian Paulus

发明人： Christian Paulus

IPC分类号： G11C2702

CPC分类号： G11C27/028

摘要： The invention relates to a current sample-and-hold circuit comprising several sub-circuits, in which a current signal is stored. At least one of said sub-circuits contains a switch. The inventive current hold-and-sample circuit is characterized in that each of the sub-circuits contains a linear resistor, which is connected in such a way that the current signal generates a voltage drop across the resistor, that each of the sub-circuits contains at least one inverting control amplifier, which sets an initial current of the circuit in a hold operational mode, thus inducing a voltage drop across the resistor, said voltage drop being substantially as great as the voltage drop across the resistor before the hold operational mode.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种包含几个子电路的电流采样和保持电路，其中存储有电流信号。 所述子电路中的至少一个包含开关。 本发明的电流保持和采样电路的特征在于，每个子电路包含线性电阻器，其以电流信号在电阻器两端产生电压降的方式连接，每个子电路 包含至少一个反相控制放大器，其将电路的初始电流设置为保持操作模式，从而导致电阻器两端的电压降，所述电压降基本上与保持操作模式之前的电阻器两端的电压降一样大 。

公开(公告)号：US06812880B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

申请号：US10433711

申请日：2003-09-29

申请人： Christian Paulus

发明人： Christian Paulus

IPC分类号： H03M134

CPC分类号： H03M1/0643 ,  H03M1/365

摘要： The invention relates to an analog-to-digital converter (301), comprising several comparators (303) and a reference network, said reference network having several reference elements (302). At least one input (304) of at least one comparator (303) is connected between the individual reference elements (302) of the reference network in the analog-to-digital converter (301), respectively. A digital evaluation circuit (311) with which the statistical evaluation of the output signals generated by the comparators (303) can be carried out is linked to the outputs (309) of the comparators of the analog-to-digital converter (301). The invention also relates to a corresponding method for converting an analog signal (Ua) into a digital signal (D).

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种包括多个比较器（303）和参考网络的模数转换器（301），所述参考网络具有几个参考元件（302）。 至少一个比较器（303）的至少一个输入（304）分别连接在模数转换器（301）中的参考网络的各个参考元件（302）之间。 可以执行由比较器（303）产生的输出信号的统计评估的数字评估电路（311）与模数转换器（301）的比较器的输出（309）相关联。 本发明还涉及将模拟信号（Ua）转换为数字信号（D）的相应方法。

公开(公告)号：US20110006211A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-13

申请号：US12601556

申请日：2008-05-28

申请人： Carsten Giebeler ,  Matthias Schreiter ,  Christian Paulus

发明人： Carsten Giebeler ,  Matthias Schreiter ,  Christian Paulus

IPC分类号： G01J5/00 ,  B32B37/02 ,  B32B38/10 ,  B32B37/24

CPC分类号： G01J5/34 ,  G01J5/00 ,  G01J5/0205 ,  G01J5/0225 ,  G01J5/023 ,  G01J5/04 ,  G01J5/041 ,  G01J5/045 ,  G01J5/14 ,  G01J5/22 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/204 ,  G01N2021/0106 ,  H01L27/14683 ,  H01L41/0973 ,  Y10T156/10

摘要： In a device for detecting thermal radiation, at least one membrane is provided on which at least one thermal detector element is mounted for the conversion of the thermal radiation into an electric signal and at least one circuit support for carrying the membrane and for carrying at least one readout circuit for reading out the electrical signal, the detector element and the readout circuit being connected together electrically by an electric contact which passes through the membrane. In addition, a method of producing the device with the following method steps is provided: a) provision of the membrane with the detector element and of at least one electrical through-connection and provision of the circuit support and b) bringing together the membrane and the circuit support in such a manner that the detector element and the readout circuit are connected together electrically by an electrical contact passing through the membrane. Production activity is preferably carried out at wafer level: functionalised silicon substrates are stacked upon one another, firmly bonded to one another and then divided into individual elements. Preferably, the detector elements comprise of pyro-electrical detector elements. The device finds application in motion detectors, presence detectors and in thermal imaging cameras.

摘要翻译： 在用于检测热辐射的装置中，提供至少一个膜，其上安装有至少一个热检测器元件，用于将热辐射转换成电信号，以及至少一个用于承载膜的电路支架， 一个用于读出电信号的读出电路，检测器元件和读出电路由通过膜的电接点电连接在一起。 此外，提供了一种通过以下方法步骤制造该装置的方法：a）提供具有检测器元件的膜和至少一个电气通过连接和提供电路支撑件，以及b）将膜和 电路支撑件以检测器元件和读出电路通过穿过膜的电接触电连接在一起的方式。 生产活动优选在晶片级进行：功能化的硅衬底彼此堆叠，彼此牢固地结合，然后分成单个元件。 优选地，检测器元件包括热电检测元件。 该设备在运动检测器，存在检测器和热成像相机中可以应用。

公开(公告)号：US07474131B1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

申请号：US10181902

申请日：2000-01-22

申请人： Marie-Claire Hoffmann ,  Christian Paulus ,  Ralf Klein

发明人： Marie-Claire Hoffmann ,  Christian Paulus ,  Ralf Klein

IPC分类号： H03K3/00

CPC分类号： H03K19/00361 ,  H03K17/163 ,  H03K19/018585

摘要： A driver circuit which has one or more driver transistors connected to a load and which further includes at least one circuit block configured to control the voltage on the gate nodes of the one or more driver transistors and which is connected to the latter. The gate source voltage of the one or more driver transistors can be controlled, using an appropriate configuration of the circuit blocks in relation to the circuit, by the application of the current in such a way that the charging/discharging current is approximately sine2. The circuit block has a current source that controls the gate voltage on the gate nodes of the one or more driver transistors and the circuit block as an additional first voltage source that provides the operating voltage of the driver circuit, in addition to a second voltage source that provides a control voltage which is used to adapt the driver circuit to different load magnitudes.

摘要翻译： 驱动器电路，其具有连接到负载的一个或多个驱动器晶体管，并且还包括被配置为控制所述一个或多个驱动器晶体管的栅极节点上的并且与其连接的电压的至少一个电路块。 可以通过以使得充电/放电电流近似正弦2的方式施加电流来使用相对于电路的电路块的适当配置来控制一个或多个驱动器晶体管的栅极源极电压。 电路块具有电流源，除了第二电压源之外，还控制一个或多个驱动器晶体管的栅极节点上的栅极电压和电路块，作为提供驱动器电路的工作电压的额外的第一电压源 其提供用于使驱动器电路适应不同负载量值的控制电压。

公开(公告)号：US20080036444A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-14

申请号：US11663078

申请日：2005-09-01

申请人： Christian Paulus ,  Meinrad Schienle ,  Claudio Stagni Degli Esposti ,  Roland Thewes

发明人： Christian Paulus ,  Meinrad Schienle ,  Claudio Stagni Degli Esposti ,  Roland Thewes

IPC分类号： G01R27/26 ,  C12Q1/68

CPC分类号： G01N27/3276

摘要： A sensor arrangement including a control circuit is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, at least one sensor electrode can be charged and/or discharged therewith and a comparator unit for the comparison of a provided voltage for the at least one electrode with a reference voltage. A duration necessary for the charging/discharging of the at least one sensor electrode is determined, whereby, from the determined duration, it is determined whether a sensor event, in the form of a hybridisation between trap molecules and the particles for recording, has occurred.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括控制电路的传感器装置。 在至少一个实施例中，可以对至少一个传感器电极进行充电和/或放电，以及用于将所述至少一个电极的提供的电压与参考电压进行比较的比较器单元。 确定至少一个传感器电极的充电/放电所需的持续时间，由此，从所确定的持续时间确定是否发生了陷阱分子和用于记录的颗粒之间的杂交形式的传感器事件 。

公开(公告)号：US20060289726A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-28

申请号：US11450276

申请日：2006-06-12

申请人： Christian Paulus ,  Roland Thewes

发明人： Christian Paulus ,  Roland Thewes

IPC分类号： G06M7/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/3275 ,  H01L27/092

摘要： A circuit arrangement is disclosed. The circuit arrangement includes a substrate, at least one sensor array arranged on and/or in the substrate, and at least one operating circuit integrated on and/or in the substrate and serving for driving the at least one sensor array. The operating circuit and the sensor array are arranged in a manner spatially separate from one another.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种电路装置。 电路装置包括衬底，布置在衬底上和/或衬底中的至少一个传感器阵列，以及集成在衬底上和/或衬底中的至少一个操作电路，用于驱动至少一个传感器阵列。 操作电路和传感器阵列以空间上彼此分离的方式排列。

公开(公告)号：US20060226030A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-12

申请号：US10562040

申请日：2004-05-11

申请人： Hans-Christian Hanke ,  Christian Paulus ,  Meinrad Schienle ,  Roland Thewes

发明人： Hans-Christian Hanke ,  Christian Paulus ,  Meinrad Schienle ,  Roland Thewes

IPC分类号： G01F1/64 ,  G01N33/487

CPC分类号： G01N33/54346 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  C12Q1/6825 ,  C12Q1/6834 ,  G01N27/3276 ,  G01N33/5438

摘要： A sensor element is for detecting DNA single strands which are possibly contained in an analyte. The sensor element includes a substrate and at least two electrodes in and/or on the substrate. In a surface area of the substrate, catcher molecules are immobilized and are adapted to hybridize to DNA single strands that are possibly contained in an analyte. The DNA single strands include a label that has dielectric properties that are different from those of the analyte. The electrodes are coupled to a detection device for detecting a change in the capacitative portion of the impedance between the electrodes due to a label that is present in an area surrounding the electrodes as a result of the hybridization event.

摘要翻译： 传感器元件用于检测可能包含在分析物中的DNA单链。 传感器元件包括衬底和衬底中和/或上的至少两个电极。 在底物的表面区域中，捕获剂分子被固定并适于与可能包含在分析物中的DNA单链杂交。 DNA单链包括具有不同于分析物的介电性质的标记。 电极耦合到检测装置，用于由于杂交事件的结果，由于存在于电极周围的区域中的标签，用于检测电极之间的阻抗的电容部分的变化。

公开(公告)号：US06937072B1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

申请号：US10069806

申请日：2000-08-23

申请人： Christian Paulus ,  Ralf Klein

发明人： Christian Paulus ,  Ralf Klein

IPC分类号： H03K17/16 ,  H03K19/003 ,  H03K3/00

CPC分类号： H03K19/00361 ,  H03K17/166

摘要： The invention relates to a driver circuit (10) for integrated circuits comprising at least one input node (11) for an input signal and at least one output node (12) for an output signal. One or several, preferably two partial drivers (20, 30) supply approximately sine-wave shaped current to the load capacity (15) thereby improving electromagnetic compatibility. A feedback circuit (40) is also provided. Said feedback circuit consists of one or several evaluation circuits (50) and one or several feedback capacitors (41). The evaluation circuits (50) are connected to the partial drivers (20, 30) One feedback capacitor (41, 42) is respectively arranged between an output node (12) of the driver circuit (10) and an input node (51) of an evaluation circuit (50). An evaluation circuit (50) is provided via the feedback condenser (41, 42) between an output node (12) of the driver circuit and an input node (51). The edge steepness of the signal i.e. current which is independent of the actual load, can be produced by means of a feedback circuit (40). The feedback capacitor (41) can, for example, be embodied as a non-linear capacitor.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于集成电路的驱动器电路（10），其包括用于输入信号的至少一个输入节点（11）和用于输出信号的至少一个输出节点（12）。 一个或几个，优选两个部分驱动器（20,30）向负载容量（15）提供大致正弦波形的电流，从而提高电磁兼容性。 还提供了反馈电路（40）。 所述反馈电路由一个或几个评估电路（50）和一个或多个反馈电容器（41）组成。 评估电路（50）连接到部分驱动器（20,30）。一个反馈电容器（41,42）分别布置在驱动器电路（10）的输出节点（12）和输入节点（51）之间 评估电路（50）。 经由反馈电容器（41,42）在驱动电路的输出节点（12）和输入节点（51）之间提供评估电路（50）。 可以通过反馈电路（40）产生信号的边缘陡度，即与实际负载无关的电流。 反馈电容器（41）例如可以被实现为非线性电容器。

公开(公告)号：US06922081B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

申请号：US10399355

申请日：2001-10-16

申请人： Alexander Frey ,  Christian Paulus ,  Roland Thewes

发明人： Alexander Frey ,  Christian Paulus ,  Roland Thewes

IPC分类号： G01N33/53 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01N27/02 ,  G01N27/22 ,  G01N27/327 ,  G01N27/333 ,  G01N27/414 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N37/00 ,  H03K19/0175 ,  G01R27/26

CPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01N27/3277

摘要： In a first phase a first sensor signal, essentially comprising the current offset signal of the sensor, is applied to the input of an electronic circuit. The first sensor signal is fed to a first signal path and stored therein. In a second phase a second sensor signal, comprising the current offset signal and a time-dependent measured signal, is applied to the input and the stored first sensor signal is fed to the input by means of the first signal path, such that essentially the time dependent measured signal is fed by means of a second signal path coupled to the input.

摘要翻译： 在第一阶段中，基本上包括传感器的当前偏移信号的第一传感器信号被施加到电子电路的输入。 第一传感器信号被馈送到第一信号路径并存储在其中。 在第二阶段，包括当前偏移信号和时间相关测量信号的第二传感器信号被施加到输入端，并且所存储的第一传感器信号通过第一信号路径馈送到输入端，使得基本上 时间相关测量信号通过耦合到输入的第二信号路径馈送。