公开(公告)号：US07716560B1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-11

申请号：US11479047

申请日：2006-06-30

Applicant: Edward E. Sprague ,  Marco E. Sosa ,  Daniel P. Murphy ,  Christopher C. Liou ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Drew D. Perkins

Inventor： Edward E. Sprague ,  Marco E. Sosa ,  Daniel P. Murphy ,  Christopher C. Liou ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Drew D. Perkins

IPC: H03M13/00

CPC classification number: H04J14/0295 ,  H04J14/0291 ,  H04L1/0045 ,  H04L1/0082 ,  H04L1/22

Abstract: The present invention provides a system, apparatus and method for accurately identifying optical or digital impairments on a span using FEC errors identified at an intermediary node. This information may be provided to an end node within a network to switch to a redundant path around the impaired optical path or span therein. In one embodiment of the invention, signal degradation is identified by analyzing FEC data within a FEC decoded signal at an intermediary node. An identification of signal degradation provides an indication of a potential failing span within an optical link, which may be provided in-band or out-of-band to a terminal node so that a signal may be switched around a failing path, or span therein, prior to an actual failure event.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种使用在中间节点识别的FEC错误来精确地识别跨度上的光学或数字损伤的系统，装置和方法。 该信息可以被提供给网络内的终端节点以切换到围绕其中的受损光学路径或跨度的冗余路径。 在本发明的一个实施例中，通过在中间节点的FEC解码信号内分析FEC数据来识别信号劣化。 信号劣化的识别提供了光链路内的潜在故障跨度的指示，其可以向终端节点带内或带外提供，使得信号可以围绕故障路径切换或跨越其中 ，在实际故障事件之前。

公开(公告)号：US07680368B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-16

申请号：US11773960

申请日：2007-07-06

Applicant: David F. Welch ,  Vincent G. Dominic ,  Fred A. Kish, Jr. ,  Mark J. Missey ,  Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan ,  Atul Mathur ,  Frank H. Peters ,  Robert B. Taylor ,  Matthew L. Mitchell ,  Alan C. Nilsson ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Richard P. Schneider ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Jonas Webjorn ,  Drew D. Perkins

Inventor： David F. Welch ,  Vincent G. Dominic ,  Fred A. Kish, Jr. ,  Mark J. Missey ,  Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan ,  Atul Mathur ,  Frank H. Peters ,  Robert B. Taylor ,  Matthew L. Mitchell ,  Alan C. Nilsson ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Richard P. Schneider ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Jonas Webjorn ,  Drew D. Perkins

IPC: G02B6/12

CPC classification number: G02B6/12004 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/12019 ,  G02B6/12023 ,  G02B6/12033 ,  G02B6/131 ,  G02B6/136 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/0262 ,  H01S5/0265 ,  H01S5/0268 ,  H01S5/0612 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/4025 ,  H01S5/4031 ,  H01S5/4087 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) chip comprising an array of modulated sources, each providing a modulated signal output at a channel wavelength different from the channel wavelength of other modulated sources and a wavelength selective combiner having an input optically coupled to received all the signal outputs from the modulated sources and provide a combined output signal on an output waveguide from the chip. The modulated sources, combiner and output waveguide are all integrated on the same chip.

Abstract translation: 一种包括调制源阵列的光子集成电路（PIC）芯片，每个调制源提供在不同于其它调制源的信道波长的信道波长处的调制信号输出，以及具有光耦合到接收到的所有信号输出的输入的波长选择性组合器 并从芯片提供输出波导上的组合输出信号。 调制源，组合器和输出波导均集成在同一芯片上。

公开(公告)号：US07570671B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-04

申请号：US10712732

申请日：2003-11-12

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins ,  Michael D. Jarchi ,  Satish K. Sridharan

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins ,  Michael D. Jarchi ,  Satish K. Sridharan

IPC: H04J3/04

CPC classification number: H04L1/0041 ,  H04B10/00 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: An apparatus and method for uniformly sharing across a plurality of channel signals FEC coding gain which may be achieved through FEC encoding of a higher baud rate electrical data signal or through multiplexed or combined electrical data signals from multiple data sources prior to their subsequent demultiplexing and separate generation into optical channel signals which are multiplexed and launched onto an optical transmission medium. The optical signal generation is achieved through reverse multiplexing of the higher baud rate data signal or of the multiplexed, FEC encoded plural data signals. Effectively, the coding gain power of the FEC encoder is spread over all the signal channels so that each channel can potentially benefit from performance above the average coding gain thereby increasing the coding gain of the worst noise signal channel and correspondingly reducing its BER at the receiver so that, now, the combined multiple channel signals may be propagated further along the optical transmission medium before signal interception is required, such as required channel signal regeneration (3R). By coding gain averaging, the coding gain is taken from the lesser noise affected channels and spread over all the channels so the higher noised ridden channels obtain an effective increase in coding gain which corresponds to a higher reduction in BER at the optical receiver terminal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在多个信道信号之间均匀共享FEC编码增益的装置和方法，其可以通过对较高波特率电数据信号进行FEC编码或者通过多个或多个数据源的多路复用或组合电数据信号在其后续解复用和分离之前实现 生成多路复用并发射到光传输介质上的光信道信号。 通过较高波特率数据信号或多路复用FEC编码的多个数据信号的反向复用来实现光信号生成。 有效地，FEC编码器的编码增益功率在所有信号信道上扩展，使得每个信道可以潜在地受益于高于平均编码增益的性能，从而增加最差噪声信号信道的编码增益并相应地降低其在接收机处的BER 因此，现在，在需要信号截取之前，诸如所需的信道信号再生（3R），组合的多信道信号可以沿着光传输介质进一步传播。 通过对增益平均进行编码，编码增益取自较小噪声影响的信道，并在所有信道上扩展，因此较高噪声的信道获得对应于光接收机终端BER较高降低的编码增益的有效增加。

公开(公告)号：US07555220B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-30

申请号：US10971890

申请日：2004-10-22

Applicant: Stephen G. Grubb ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Frank H. Peters ,  Fred A. Kish, Jr. ,  Drew D. Perkins

Inventor： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Charles H. Joyner ,  Frank H. Peters ,  Fred A. Kish, Jr. ,  Drew D. Perkins

IPC: H04B10/12

CPC classification number: H04J14/0221 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/12014 ,  G02B6/12019 ,  G02B6/12026 ,  G02B6/12033 ,  G02B6/2793 ,  G02B6/29391 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  H04B10/25133

Abstract: An optical equalizer/dispersion compensator (E/CDC) comprises an input/output for receiving a multiplexed channel signal comprising a plurality of channel signals of different wavelengths. An optical amplifier may be coupled to receive, as an input/output, the multiplexed channel signals which amplifier may be a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) or a gain clamped-semiconductor optical amplifier (GC-SOA). A variable optical attenuator (VOA) is coupled to the optical amplifier and a chromatic dispersion compensator (CDC) is coupled to the variable optical attenuator. A mirror or Faraday rotator mirror (FRM) is coupled to the chromatic dispersion compensator to reflect the multiplexed channel signal back through these optical components The E/CDC components may be integrated in a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) chip.

Abstract translation: 光均衡器/色散补偿器（E / CDC）包括用于接收包括不同波长的多个信道信号的复用信道信号的输入/输出。 光放大器可以被耦合以接收作为输入/输出的多路复用信道信号，该放大器可以是半导体光放大器（SOA）或增益钳位半导体光放大器（GC-SOA）。 可变光衰减器（VOA）耦合到光放大器，并且色散补偿器（CDC）耦合到可变光衰减器。 反射镜或法拉第旋转镜（FRM）耦合到色散补偿器，以通过这些光学部件反射多路复用的信道信号.E / CDC组件可以集成在光子集成电路（PIC）芯片中。

公开(公告)号：US20090148170A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-11

申请号：US11952687

申请日：2007-12-07

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins

IPC: H04B10/00

CPC classification number: H04B10/676 ,  H04B10/5053 ,  H04B10/5057 ,  H04B10/532 ,  H04B10/697

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems, devices and methods for managing skew within a polarized multi-channel optical transport system. In a DP-QPSK system, skew between polarized channels is compensated within the transport system by adding latency to at least one of the polarized channels. The amount of added latency may depend on various factors including the skew tolerance of the transport system and the amount of skew across the channels without compensation. This latency may be added optically or electrically, and at various locations on a channel signal path within a transport node, such as a terminal transmitter or receiver. Additionally, various embodiments of the invention provide for novel methods of inserting frame alignment bit sequences within the transport frame overhead so that alignment and skew compensation may be more efficiently and accurately performed at the transport receiver.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施例提供了一种用于管理偏振多通道光传输系统内的偏斜的系统，装置和方法。 在DP-QPSK系统中，通过向至少一个极化信道增加等待时间，在传输系统内补偿极化信道之间的偏斜。 增加的等待时间的数量可能取决于各种因素，包括传输系统的偏斜容限和跨越通道的偏移量，无需补偿。 这种延迟可以光传输或电气地以及传输节点内诸如终端发射机或接收机之间的信道信号路径上的各个位置。 此外，本发明的各种实施例提供了在传输帧开销内插入帧对准比特序列的新颖方法，使得可以在传输接收机处更有效和更准确地执行对准和偏斜补偿。

公开(公告)号：US20080175589A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-24

申请号：US11856692

申请日：2007-09-17

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins ,  David F. Weich ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Edward E. Sprague ,  Parthiban Kandappan ,  Steven G. Grubb ,  Prasad Paranjape ,  Biao Lu

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins ,  David F. Weich ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Edward E. Sprague ,  Parthiban Kandappan ,  Steven G. Grubb ,  Prasad Paranjape ,  Biao Lu

IPC: H04B10/08

CPC classification number: H04J14/02

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention determine skew relative to a plurality of communication paths on a network system. The network is a wavelength division multiplexed optical transport network. The plurality of communication paths involves different signal and path attributes such as a plurality of carrier wavelengths, optical carrier groups, physical communication paths (different nodes, different fibers along a same path, or any combination of the foregoing), or any other differentiating factors between two paths.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施例确定了相对于网络系统上的多个通信路径的偏斜。 该网络是波分复用光传输网络。 多个通信路径涉及不同的信号和路径属性，例如多个载波波长，光载波组，物理通信路径（不同节点，沿着相同路径的不同光纤，或前述的任何组合）或任何其它微分因素 两条路径之间。

公开(公告)号：US07286487B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-23

申请号：US10715947

申请日：2003-11-18

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Edward E. Sprague ,  Daniel P. Murphy

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Edward E. Sprague ,  Daniel P. Murphy

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L1/0057 ,  H04J3/0691 ,  H04J3/07 ,  H04J3/1611 ,  H04J3/1652 ,  H04J2203/0085

Abstract: An optical transmission network is inherently asynchronous due to the utilization of a variable overhead ratio (V-OHR). The network architecture makes extensive use of OEO regeneration, i.e., deals with any electronic reconditioning to correct for transmission impairments, such as, for example, FEC encoding, decoding and re-encoding, signal reshaping, retiming as well as signal regeneration. The optical transmission network includes a plesiochronous clocking system with intermediate nodes designed to operate asynchronously with a single local frequency clock without complicated network synchronization schemes employing high cost clocking devices such as phase locked loop (PLL) control with crystal oscillators and other expensive system components. The asynchronous network operation provides for asynchronous remapping or remapping of any client signal utilizing any type of transmission protocol where the line side rate or frequency is always the same frequency for the payload signal and the local frequency at an intermediate node is set to a local reference clock in accordance with the payload type and its overhead ratio, i.e., the overhead ratio is varied to meet the desired difference between the line rate or frequency and the desired client signal payload rate or frequency for the particular client signal payload type.

Abstract translation: 由于使用可变开销比（V-OHR），光传输网络固有地是异步的。 网络架构广泛使用OEO再生，即处理任何电子修复以校正传输损伤，例如FEC编码，解码和重新编码，信号整形，重新定时以及信号再生。 光传输网络包括一个专用时钟系统，其中间节点设计成与单个本地频率时钟异步运行，而无需采用高成本时钟设备（如晶体振荡器和其他昂贵的系统组件的锁相环（PLL））控制）的复杂网络同步方案。 异步网络操作提供使用任何类型的传输协议的任何客户端信号的异步重映射或重新映射，其中线路边速率或频率对于有效载荷信号总是相同的频率，并且中间节点处的本地频率被设置为本地参考 根据有效载荷类型和其开销比，即，开销比被改变以满足线速率或频率与特定客户端信号有效载荷类型的期望的客户端信号有效载荷速率或频率之间的期望差。

公开(公告)号：US07009934B1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-07

申请号：US09259263

申请日：1999-03-01

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins ,  Theodore E. Tedijanto ,  Neeraj Gulati ,  Biao Lu

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins ,  Theodore E. Tedijanto ,  Neeraj Gulati ,  Biao Lu

IPC: G06F11/00

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0478 ,  H04L2012/562 ,  H04L2012/5627

Abstract: A system and method for automatically generating a topology of a network having synchronous optical network (SONET) switches. Switches in the network pass information about itself to other switches in the network so that every switch can maintain a topology of the network. Using this knowledge of the network topology, each switch can generate a communication route within the network and automatically allot bandwidth for the route. Each switch may generate a new route in response to a line failure.

Abstract translation: 一种用于自动生成具有同步光网络（SONET）交换机的网络拓扑的系统和方法。 网络中的交换机将有关自身的信息传递到网络中的其他交换机，以便每个交换机可以维护网络的拓扑。 使用这种网络拓扑的知识，每个交换机可以在网络内生成通信路由并且自动分配该路由的带宽。 每个交换机可能会响应线路故障生成新的路由。

公开(公告)号：US08660020B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-25

申请号：US11871934

申请日：2007-10-12

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins ,  David F. Welch ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Edward E. Sprague ,  Parthiban Kandappan ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Prasad Paranjape

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins ,  David F. Welch ,  Ting-Kuang Chiang ,  Edward E. Sprague ,  Parthiban Kandappan ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Prasad Paranjape

IPC: H04J1/16

CPC classification number: H04B10/27 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention compensate for skew across a wavelength division multiplexed network. The network is a wavelength division multiplexed optical transport network. The skew compensation can be performed electrically or optically. It can be performed on the transmission side of the network, the receiver side of the network or at any intermediary node on the network.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施例补偿波分复用网络上的偏斜。 该网络是波分复用光传输网络。 偏斜补偿可以电或光学地执行。 它可以在网络的发送侧，网络的接收机侧或网络上的任何中间节点上执行。

公开(公告)号：US08655169B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-18

申请号：US12239896

申请日：2008-09-29

Applicant: Drew D. Perkins ,  David F. Welch

Inventor： Drew D. Perkins ,  David F. Welch

IPC: H04B17/00

CPC classification number: H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0246 ,  H04J14/025 ,  H04J14/0279 ,  H04L1/0009 ,  H04L1/0057

Abstract: Consistent with the present disclosure, based on system requirements or in response to an increase in optical signal-to-noise level of an optical channel, such as a WDM channel, additional FEC bits are inserted into and replace selected data payload bits in each frame carried by the channel. The replaced data payload bits may then be transmitted in subsequent frames on the same channel. As a result, the transmitted frames have a reduced data payload rate, but a higher coding gain. Alternatively, the replaced data payload bits may be included in frames transmitted on another optical channel. In that case, the frames carried by the two channels typically have the same bit length or number of bits and may thus be compliant with the frame length requirements of G.709, for example. Preferably, the number of coding bits may be changed dynamically to obtain different coding gains.

Abstract translation: 与本公开一致，基于系统要求或响应于诸如WDM信道的光信道的光信噪比水平的增加，附加的FEC比特被插入并替换每个帧中的选定数据有效载荷比特 由频道携带 然后可以在相同信道上的后续帧中发送替换的数据有效载荷比特。 结果，所发送的帧具有减少的数据有效载荷速率，但是编码增益更高。 或者，替换的数据有效载荷比特可以包括在另一光信道上发送的帧中。 在这种情况下，由两个信道携带的帧通常具有相同的比特长度或比特数，并且因此可以符合例如G.709的帧长度要求。 优选地，可以动态地改变编码比特的数量以获得不同的编码增益。