公开(公告)号：US20060023288A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-02

申请号：US11189449

申请日：2005-07-26

申请人： Gregory McBrien ,  Karl Kissa ,  Glen Drake ,  Kate Versprille

发明人： Gregory McBrien ,  Karl Kissa ,  Glen Drake ,  Kate Versprille

IPC分类号： G02F1/03

CPC分类号： G02F1/0356 ,  G02F1/2255 ,  G02F2201/07 ,  G02F2203/21

摘要： The invention relates to an electro-optic modulator structure containing an additional set of bias electrodes buried within the device for applying bias to set the operating point. Thus the RF electrodes used to modulate incoming optical signals can be operated with zero DC bias, reducing electrode corrosion by galvanic and other effects that can be present in non-hermetic packages. The buried bias electrodes are also advantageous in controlling charge build-up with consequent improvement in drift characteristics. The bias electrode material is useful for routing bias signals inside the device, in particular to external terminals, as well as forming encapsulating layers to permit operation in non-hermetic environments, thereby lowering manufacturing costs. Embodiments using both X-cut and Z-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO3) are presented. For the latter, the bias electrodes can be split along their axis to avoid optical losses

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种电光调制器结构，其包含埋在该装置内的附加一组偏置电极，用于施加偏压以设定工作点。 因此，用于调制输入光信号的RF电极可以以零直流偏压工作，减少电极腐蚀以及可能存在于非密封封装中的电流和其他影响。 掩埋偏置电极在控制电荷积聚方面也是有利的，随之而来的是漂移特性的改善。 偏置电极材料可用于布置装置内的偏置信号，特别是外部端子，以及形成封装层，以允许在非密封环境中操作，从而降低制造成本。 提出了使用X切割和Z切割的铌酸锂（LiNbO 3 3）的实施例。 对于后者，偏置电极可以沿其轴线分开以避免光损耗

公开(公告)号：US20130148920A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-13

申请号：US13316179

申请日：2011-12-09

申请人： Karl Kissa

发明人： Karl Kissa

IPC分类号： G02F1/035

CPC分类号： G02F1/2255

摘要： An optical phase modulator having a reduced time drift of an electro-optical response is disclosed. An optical waveguide exhibiting the electro-optic effect includes two serially coupled portions having opposite time drifts of magnitudes of their respective electro-optical responses. As a result, a time drift of an overall electro-optical response of the optical phase modulator is lessened.

摘要翻译： 公开了具有降低的电光响应的时间漂移​​的光相位调制器。 呈现电光效应的光波导包括两个串联耦合部分，它们具有相应的电光响应大小的相反的时间漂移​​。 结果，减轻了光相位调制器的整体电光响应的时间漂移​​。

公开(公告)号：US20060115196A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-01

申请号：US11001440

申请日：2004-12-01

申请人： Gilbert Feke ,  Hirotoshi Nagata ,  Karl Kissa

发明人： Gilbert Feke ,  Hirotoshi Nagata ,  Karl Kissa

IPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02F1/295

CPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/225

摘要： An optical modulator which has substantially low loss and has an improvement in voltage reduction is disclosed having an electro-optic lithium niobate substrate. The substrate has first, second and third ridges extending along its surface. Extending along the first and second ridges are first and second waveguides. A first RF electrode extends over the first waveguide and a second slotted electrode including a first section extends over the second waveguide. A second section of the slotted extends parallel to and adjacent to the first section on the third ridge. In summary, this invention provides a slotted ground electrode wherein a slot is formed in the substrate between the slotted electrode.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有实质上低损耗并且具有降低电压的改进的光调制器，其具有电光铌酸锂衬底。 衬底具有沿其表面延伸的第一，第二和第三脊。 沿着第一和第二脊延伸的是第一和第二波导。 第一RF电极在第一波导上延伸，并且包括第一部分的第二开槽电极在第二波导上延伸。 开槽的第二部分平行于并邻近第三脊上的第一部分延伸。 总之，本发明提供了一种开槽接地电极，其中在开槽电极之间的衬底中形成槽。

公开(公告)号：US20060056002A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-16

申请号：US11223553

申请日：2005-09-09

申请人： Ed Wooten ,  Karl Kissa ,  Gregory McBrien ,  Timothy Munks ,  Andrew Finch

发明人： Ed Wooten ,  Karl Kissa ,  Gregory McBrien ,  Timothy Munks ,  Andrew Finch

IPC分类号： G02F1/03

CPC分类号： G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/16

摘要： An optical external modulator includes an optical waveguide having a first interferometer section and a second interferometer section formed on an electro-optic substrate. An electrode structure disposed on the substrate transmits an RF drive signal that is applied to the first and second interferometer sections in series. A reflector optically coupled to the substrate redirects light away from the first interferometer section to the second interferometer section and provides an optical fold region that introduces an optical time delay between the first and second interferometer sections. The optical time delay is used for at least partially compensating for a velocity mismatch between the light and the RF drive signal.

摘要翻译： 光学外部调制器包括具有形成在电光基板上的第一干涉仪部分和第二干涉仪部分的光波导。 设置在基板上的电极结构传送串联施加到第一和第二干涉仪部分的RF驱动信号。 光耦合到衬底的反射器将光从第一干涉仪部分重新导向第二干涉仪部分，并提供在第一和第二干涉仪部分之间引入光学时间延迟的光学折叠区域。 光学时间延迟用于至少部分地补偿光和RF驱动信号之间的速度失配。

公开(公告)号：US06226424B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09306108

申请日：1999-05-06

申请人： Gary A. Ball ,  Robert W. Ade ,  Karl Kissa ,  Paul Dunn ,  Timothy C. Munks ,  Ronald T. Logan, Jr. ,  Eitan Gertel

发明人： Gary A. Ball ,  Robert W. Ade ,  Karl Kissa ,  Paul Dunn ,  Timothy C. Munks ,  Ronald T. Logan, Jr. ,  Eitan Gertel

IPC分类号： G02B612

CPC分类号： G02B6/4201 ,  G02B6/4215 ,  G02B6/4239 ,  G02B6/4244 ,  G02B6/4266 ,  G02B6/4271 ,  G02B6/4285

摘要： An integrated optical transmitter for use in an optical system includes an optical head assembly having an optical beam generator for providing an optical beam and a lens assembly for collecting the optical beam and generating therefrom a formed optical beam. Interface optics receive the formed optical beam for coupling the beam to a modulator so as to reduce nsertion loss to the optical beam. The optical modulator receives the optical beam from the interface optics and provides a modulated optical beam in response to received modulation signals. The optical modulator is coupled to the interface optics to be in a fixed relationship therewith. The integrated optical transmitter can include a means for sampling the optical beam and controlling the temperature of and/or the current supplied to the optical beam generator for controlling the wavelength of the optical transmitter. The optical head assembly and the modulator can be compliantly mounted to a mounting surface reducing the effects of thermal stress on the performance of the optical transmitter.

摘要翻译： 用于光学系统的集成光发射机包括具有用于提供光束的光束发生器和用于收集光束并由其产生形成的光束的透镜组件的光学头组件。 接口光学器件接收形成的光束，用于将光束耦合到调制器，以减少对光束的插入损耗。 光调制器从接口光学器件接收光束并且响应于接收的调制信号提供调制的光束。 光调制器耦合到界面光学器件以与其成为固定的关系。 集成光发射机可以包括用于对光束进行采样并控制提供给光束发生器的温度和/或电流以控制光发射机的波长的装置。 光学头组件和调制器可以顺应地安装到安装表面，减少热应力对光发射机性能的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5835212A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-10

申请号：US731760

申请日：1996-10-18

申请人： Karl Kissa ,  Jack Lin

发明人： Karl Kissa ,  Jack Lin

IPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G02F1/3136 ,  G02F2203/25

摘要： A variable chirp electro-optic modulator is provided that uses a single modulation signal. The modulator has several optical paths in the proximity of one or more modulation electrodes which are driven equally by a single modulation source. The amount of chirp desired of the modulator is controlled by varying the optical amplitude or phase of the light in the different paths.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用单个调制信号的可变啁啾电光调制器。 调制器在一个或多个调制电极附近具有几个光路，这些调制电极被单个调制源平等地驱动。 通过改变不同路径中的光的光学振幅或相位来控制调制器所需的啁啾的量。

公开(公告)号：US08463081B1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-11

申请号：US13316179

申请日：2011-12-09

申请人： Karl Kissa

发明人： Karl Kissa

IPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/295 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02F1/2255

摘要： An optical phase modulator having a reduced time drift of an electro-optical response is disclosed. An optical waveguide exhibiting the electro-optic effect includes two serially coupled portions having opposite time drifts of magnitudes of their respective electro-optical responses. As a result, a time drift of an overall electro-optical response of the optical phase modulator is lessened.

摘要翻译： 公开了具有降低的电光响应的时间漂移​​的光相位调制器。 呈现电光效应的光波导包括两个串联耦合部分，它们具有相应的电光响应大小的相反的时间漂移​​。 结果，减轻了光相位调制器的整体电光响应的时间漂移​​。

公开(公告)号：US20120134012A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-31

申请号：US13306635

申请日：2011-11-29

申请人： Nicolas GUERIN ,  Boris Kharlamov ,  Robert Duval ,  Karl Kissa

发明人： Nicolas GUERIN ,  Boris Kharlamov ,  Robert Duval ,  Karl Kissa

IPC分类号： G02F1/377 ,  G02F1/365 ,  B29D11/00 ,  G02B6/10

CPC分类号： B29D11/00663 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02F1/3558

摘要： A periodically poled optical waveguide comprising a nonlinear optical crystalline material is provided having poled optical domains slanted with respect to direction of propagation of light within the waveguide. Light reflected from slanted poled optical domains does not couple efficiently back into the optical waveguide, which facilitates reduction of backreflection towards a semiconductor laser source coupled to the waveguide. Reduction of backreflections facilitates stable operation of the semiconductor laser source. A method of manufacturing of a periodically poled optical waveguide with slanted poled domains is also provided.

摘要翻译： 提供包括非线性光学晶体材料的周期性极化的光波导，其具有相对于波导内的光的传播方向倾斜的极化光畴。 从倾斜的极化光畴反射的光不能有效地耦合回到光波导中，这有助于将反向反射减少到耦合到波导的半导体激光源。 反向反射的减少有助于半导体激光源的稳定操作。 还提供了具有倾斜极化畴的周期性极化光波导的制造方法。

公开(公告)号：US20120099812A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-26

申请号：US13270876

申请日：2011-10-11

申请人： Karl Kissa ,  Allen T. Hall

发明人： Karl Kissa ,  Allen T. Hall

IPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  H05K3/10

CPC分类号： G02F1/2255 ,  G02F1/0316 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  Y10T29/49155

摘要： An electro-optic device is disclosed, in which an RF signal electrode is used as a bias ground electrode. Thus, for Z-cut lithium niobate electro-optic crystals, there is no need to place a buried bias electrode under the RF signal electrode and over the optical waveguide. As a result, both optical and the RF wave propagation losses are reduced. In another embodiment, a buried bias electrode is placed over the optical waveguide between two buffer layers having a different electrical conductivity. The buffer layer underneath the buried bias electrode has a larger electrical conductivity than the buffer layer above the buried bias electrode. The buffer layer underneath the buried bias electrode reduces the optical loss penalty due to the buried bias electrode located above the optical waveguide, while the buffer layer above the bias electrode reduces leakage currents.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种电光装置，其中使用RF信号电极作为偏置接地电极。 因此，对于Z型铌酸锂电光晶体，不需要将掩埋偏置电极放置在RF信号电极下方和光波导上。 结果，光学和RF波传播损耗都减小了。 在另一个实施例中，将掩埋偏置电极置于具有不同导电性的两个缓冲层之间的光波导上。 掩埋偏置电极下面的缓冲层具有比掩埋偏置电极上方的缓冲层更大的导电性。 掩埋偏置电极下面的缓冲层减少了由于位于光波导上方的埋置偏置电极引起的光损耗损失，而偏置电极上方的缓冲层减少了漏电流。

公开(公告)号：US20070201784A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11673097

申请日：2007-02-09

申请人： Karl Kissa ,  David Glassner

发明人： Karl Kissa ,  David Glassner

IPC分类号： G02F1/295 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/122 ,  E21B11/005 ,  G02B2006/1204 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F2201/14 ,  G02F2203/48

摘要： The invention relates to an electro-optic directional coupler suitable for use as a variable optical attenuator at reduced voltages compared to those known in the prior art. The present invention has found that by careful selection of an asymmetric directional coupler geometry, the transfer function of the device can be shifted so that it has an operating point between maximum and minimum transmission. Signal electrodes driven in push pull configuration advantageously use this operating point to achieve significant reduction in operating voltages for switching to maximum or minimum transmission. Asymmetry is created in the directional coupler by forming the waveguides to have different propagation constants by a difference in waveguide width, depth, index of refraction or index profile. Asymmetry can alternatively be created by causing mechanical stress in the waveguides through the placement, number, or dimensions of the electrodes, or through asymmetric dielectric structures between the waveguides and the electrodes.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种电光定向耦合器，其适用于与现有技术中已知的相比在降低的电压下用作可变光衰减器。 本发明已经发现，通过仔细选择非对称定向耦合器几何形状，可以移位器件的传递函数，使其具有最大和最小传输之间的工作点。 以推挽配置驱动的信号电极有利地使用该工作点来实现用于切换到最大或最小传输的工作电压的显着降低。 通过波导宽度，深度，折射率或折射率分布的差异，通过形成波导具有不同的传播常数，在定向耦合器中产生不对称性。 另外可以通过使波导中的机械应力穿过电极的布置，数量或尺寸，或通过波导和电极之间的不对称介质结构来产生不对称性。