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公开(公告)号：US20100234640A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-16
申请号：US12653675
申请日：2009-03-13
IPC分类号： C07C231/08 , B01D53/62 , B01D53/50 , B01D53/56
CPC分类号： B01D53/75 , B01D53/565 , B01D53/62 , B01D2251/21 , B01D2253/102 , B01D2257/504 , B01D2257/60 , B01D2257/602 , C01B17/0482 , C10B49/04 , C10B53/04 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/62 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/1609 , C10J2300/1659 , C10J2300/1665 , C10K1/004 , C10K3/008 , Y02C10/04 , Y02P20/152
摘要： This invention provides a comprehensive solution which comprises the production of a bed of ash-containing hot char via the pyrolysis of coal which generates a hydrogen rich gas that, subsequent to its cleanup, can be synthesized into chemicals and/or transportation fuels, while the hot char is used to: (i) reduce SO2 and NOX to elemental sulfur and to elemental nitrogen, respectively; (ii) react hot char with CO2 to reduce it to CO, a valuable chemical that can be converted into fertilizer or into a fuel gas that can be used for electric or thermal power generation; (iii) trap particulate matter in the bed of char to join the ash in the char to form a combined ash which is eventually converted to inert slag; and (iv) filter the mercury through a portion of the char to prevent it from being emitted into the atmosphere.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种全面的解决方案，其包括通过煤的热解生产含灰分的热炭床，其产生富氢气体，其在其清洁之后可以合成为化学品和/或运输燃料，而 热焦炭用于：（i）分别将SO 2和NO x还原成元素硫和元素氮; （ii）将热焦炭与二氧化碳反应，以将其还原成CO，这是一种有价值的化学物质，可以转化为可用于电力或火力发电的肥料或燃料气体; （iii）将焦炭中的颗粒物质收集在焦炭中以将灰分加入到焦炭中以形成最终转化为惰性矿渣的组合灰分; 和（iv）通过焦炭的一部分过滤汞，以防止其被排放到大气中。
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22.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07786327B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-31
申请号：US11506939
申请日：2006-08-21
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
IPC分类号： C07C273/02 , C07C273/04 , C07C273/10 , B01J10/00 , B01J8/00 , H02K7/18 , F02C6/00 , F02C6/20
CPC分类号： C10J3/64 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/094 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/165 , C10J2300/1659 , C10J2300/1665 , C10J2300/1668 , C10J2300/1675 , C10J2300/1684 , Y02E20/16 , Y02P20/13 , Y02P20/132 , Y02P20/142
摘要： A method for co-producing electric power and urea from carbonaceous fuels such as coal, by pyrolizing the coal with oxygen to produce a raw rich gas and a hot char which is gasified with air to produce a raw lean gas. Subsequent to the cleaning of the two gases, the cleaned rich gas is made up of CO and 2H2, and the clean lean gas is made up of N2+CO. The CO in the rich gas is separated from the 2H2 and is added to the lean gas to enrich it with CO to become a lean fuel gas which fuels a gas turbine and is part of a combined cycle system which efficiently generates electric power while exhausting an off-gas (flue gas) made up of N2+CO2. The 2H2 separated from the CO, and the N2+CO2 of the exhausted flue gas are together synthesized to produce urea —CO(NH2)2. To augment the 2H2 in order to make the process more efficient, steam is extracted from the power generation system, mixed with the 2H2, and electrolyzed in a high-temperature electrolysis system prior to the synthesis step with the electrical energy required for the electrolysis being derived from the combined cycle power generation source. This approach will consume the CO2 in a beneficial manner by co-producing an added-value, useful by-product while at the same time obviating the necessity of collecting CO2 and sequestering it, which is an inefficient way of mitigating the effect of global warming caused by CO2.
摘要翻译： 一种从煤炭等碳质燃料中共同生产电力和尿素的方法，通过用氧气对煤进行热处理以产生富含原料的气体，以及用空气气化的热焦炭以产生贫的贫气。 在清洁两种气体之后，清洁的富气体由CO和2H2组成，洁净的贫气由N2 + CO组成。 富氧气体中的CO与2H2分离，并被添加到贫气中以使其富CO以成为燃料燃气轮机的贫燃料气体，并且是组合循环系统的一部分，其有效地产生电力同时排出 废气（烟气）由N2 + CO2组成。 与CO分离的2H2和排出的烟道气的N 2 + CO 2一起合成以产生脲-CO（NH 2）2。 为了增加2H2以使工艺更有效，从发电系统中抽出蒸汽，与2H2混合，并在合成步骤之前在高温电解系统中电解，电解所需的电能为 源自联合循环发电源。 这种方法将以有益的方式消耗二氧化碳，通过共同生产附加值有用的副产物，同时避免采集二氧化碳和隔离汞的必要性，这是减轻全球变暖影响的低效方式 由二氧化碳引起。
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公开(公告)号：US07413647B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-19
申请号：US11078949
申请日：2005-03-07
CPC分类号： C10G11/14 , B01J4/002 , B01J8/125 , B01J19/26 , B01J2208/00495 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00557 , B01J2219/0004 , B01J2219/185 , B01J2219/187 , B01J2219/1943 , B01J2219/1946 , C10G11/18
摘要： The present invention consists of an improved method and apparatus to upgrade bitumen in various forms which comprises four main components; namely, a fractionator equipped with a condenser, a heavy gas oil catalytic treater, a catalyst regenerator/gasifier and a gas cleanup assembly. In operation, the bitumen in liquid form is fed to the fractionator for initial separation of fractions with the bulk of the bitumen leaving the bottom of the fractionator in the form of a heavy gas oil which is pumped to the catalytic treater and sprayed on a hot catalyst to crack the heavy gas oil (an endothermic reaction) to release lighter hydrocarbons in the form of H2 rich volatile matter while depositing carbon on the catalyst. The volatile matter from the treater is directed to the fractionator where the condensable fractions are separated from the non-condensable H2 rich gas, a valuable primary gas. The carbon containing catalyst from the treater is recycled to the regenerator/gasifier, and the catalyst after being regenerated (an exothermic reaction) is fed hot to the treater. Various fractions are removed from the fractionator as intermediates in the form of light napthas and light oils. The off-gas from the regenerator/gasifier is directed to a gas cleanup system to produce a valuable secondary gas. Both the primary gas and the secondary gas may be further utilized in the processing of the intermediates produced by the method, the primary gas being a source of H2 and the secondary gas being a source of thermal energy.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种以各种形式升级沥青的改进方法和装置，其包括四个主要组分; 即配备有冷凝器，重质瓦斯油催化处理器，催化剂再生器/气化器和气体净化组件的分馏器。 在操作中，将液体形式的沥青进料到分馏器中，用于初始分离馏分，其中大部分沥青离开分馏器的底部，形式为重质瓦斯油，其被泵送到催化处理器并喷涂在热的 催化剂裂解重质瓦斯油（吸热反应）以释放富含H 2 O 3挥发物质的较轻质烃，同时在催化剂上沉积碳。 来自处理器的挥发性物质被引导至分馏器，其中可冷凝馏分与不可冷凝的H 2富含气体（有价值的一次气体）分离。 来自处理器的含碳催化剂被再循环到再生器/气化器中，再生后的催化剂（放热反应）被热加热到处理器。 从分馏器中除去各种馏分，作为浅萘和轻油形式的中间体。 来自再生器/气化器的废气被引导到气体净化系统以产生有价值的二次气体。 初级气体和次级气体都可以进一步用于通过该方法生产的中间体的处理，主气体是H 2 2源，二次气体是热能源。
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公开(公告)号：US4604165A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US465687
申请日：1983-02-11
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
摘要： An apparatus for processing bulk materials by induction wherein the materials are processed within a plurality of compartments whose walls comprise a material which is adaptable to being heated by induction and wherein the plurality of compartments commonly share an induction coil means which surrounds the plurality of compartments. The apparatus possesses features which make it adaptable to operate in a closed system to be acceptable to the environment and also features which guarantee uniform charging of the material to be processed and uniform discharging of the processed material. In applications where sulfur, tars and oils are a problem, means are provided to deal with such problems by reacting the sulfur and by cracking the tars and oils. The apparatus lends itself to economically process tonnages of great magnitude at a low operating cost and also it requires low investment cost.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过感应处理散装材料的装置，其中所述材料在多个隔室内被加工，所述多个隔室的壁包括适于通过感应加热的材料，并且其中所述多个隔室通常共享围绕所述多个隔间的感应线圈装置。 该装置具有使其能够适应于在环境中可接受的封闭系统中操作的特征，并且还具有保证待处理材料均匀充电和均匀排出处理材料的特征。 在硫，焦油和油是问题的应用中，提供了通过使硫反应并通过开裂焦油和油来处理这些问题的手段。 该设备以低运营成本经济地处理大量吨位，并且还需要低投资成本。
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公开(公告)号：US4376033A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-08
申请号：US209831
申请日：1980-11-24
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
CPC分类号： C10B19/00 , C10B53/06 , C10G1/02 , Y02P20/129
摘要： An improved method and apparatus for recovering shale oil from shale wherein the shale is mined, crushed and pyrolized electrically in surface facilities by induction in a chamber made up of a plurality of cells in the absence of air and the raw gases are directed to a condensing means for separating the liquids from the gases. The invention also describes a method and apparatus for making use of the residue from the liquids separated from the gas in order to use said residue economically and generate electric power for the induction system used in the instant invention. The invention further discloses means for the recovering of the heat energy contained in the spent shale. The invention also discloses a method and apparatus for the disposal of the spent shale in an environmentally acceptable manner in order to prevent pollution and save the great quantities of water needed for reclamation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从页岩回收页岩油的改进方法和装置，其中页岩在表面设施中通过在不存在空气的情况下在由多个单元组成的室中进行感应而被开采，粉碎和热解，并将原料气体导向冷凝 用于从气体中分离液体的装置。 本发明还描述了一种用于利用来自气体分离的液体的残余物的方法和装置，以便经济地使用所述残余物并为本发明中使用的感应系统产生电力。 本发明还公开了用于回收废页岩中包含的热能的方法。 本发明还公开了一种以环境可接受的方式处理废页岩的方法和装置，以便防止污染并节省回收所需的大量水。
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公开(公告)号：US4213827A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-22
申请号：US757074
申请日：1977-01-05
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
CPC分类号： C10B33/003 , C10B39/04 , C10B39/14
摘要： A method and apparatus for quenching coke which obviates the necessity of using a high energy scrubber for the cleaning of the gases by virtue of quenching the coke in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to drop the temperature of the coke below its ignition point for eliminating the emissions of hydrocarbons, confining the steam and vapor for additional quenching and pressure buildup, cleaning of the steam and vapor of particulate matter, and containing the excess quench water including the breeze resulting from the quench.
摘要翻译： 用于淬火焦炭的方法和装置，其消除了通过在非氧化性气氛中淬火焦炭以将焦炭的温度降低到其点火点以下以消除排放物而使用高能量洗涤器来清洁气体的必要性。 的碳氢化合物，限制蒸汽和蒸汽进行额外的骤冷和压力累积，清洁颗粒物质的蒸汽和蒸气，并且包含由淬火产生的微风的过量骤冷水。
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公开(公告)号：US4142942A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-06
申请号：US724162
申请日：1976-09-17
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
CPC分类号： C10B27/04 , C10B33/003 , C10B33/14 , C10B39/04
摘要： An improvement made to quenching coke during the push wherein the coke is physically opened for increased exposure to the quenching medium.
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28.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4099709A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-11
申请号：US758599
申请日：1977-01-12
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
CPC分类号： C21C5/40 , Y02P10/212 , Y02P10/283
摘要： This disclosure proposes an improved method of and apparatus for collecting the fumes of a furnace but in particular of a steelmaking furnace using the basic oxygen blowing process which furnace rotates about a trunnion arrangement. Especially this disclosure applies to an improved fume collecting method for an oxygen steelmaking furnace whose emissions take place during the charging of scrap, during the charging of molten iron, during blowing oxygen in the furnace, and during the sample and temperature taking. This fume collection is accomplished by providing a hood of multiple purpose design adapted to collect the emissions during any of the aforementioned portions of the steelmaking cycle, which can be retro-fitted to existing steelmaking facilities.
摘要翻译： 本公开提出了一种用于收集炉的烟雾的改进方法和装置，特别是使用炉子绕耳轴布置旋转的碱性氧气吹制方法的炼钢炉。 特别地，本公开适用于氧气炼钢炉的改进的烟气收集方法，其在废钢充填期间，在铁水充填期间，在炉中吹入氧气期间以及在采样过程中发生排放。 这种烟气收集是通过提供多用途设计的罩来实现的，其适用于在炼钢循环的上述任何部分期间收集排放物，其可以改装现有的炼钢设备。
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公开(公告)号：US09835329B2
公开(公告)日：2017-12-05
申请号：US13999128
申请日：2014-01-17
申请人： Albert Calderon
发明人： Albert Calderon
CPC分类号： F23J15/02 , C10J2300/094 , F01K13/00 , F01K23/067 , F02C3/28 , F23J2215/50 , F23K3/00 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02P20/13
摘要： The present invention is an improvement in a number of ways of two issued patents identified in the preamble of the Specification which follows. Such improvement will yield a more reliable process that uses coal and other hydrocarbons but avoids the discharge of hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere and lowers investment costs. This invention offers a unique and comprehensive solution that makes possible the prevention of the ill-effects to health and environment while at the same time would also prevent the closure of badly needed power generation facilities that still provide some 40% of the electricity generated in this country. The herein comprehensive solution converts six pollutants into valuable co-products while low-cost, efficient, electric power is generated to result in attracting industries that will help keep badly needed jobs. This invention is also applicable to other disciplines.
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30.发明授权Sustainable method inclusive of facilities to grow and process crops for food and biomass for energy in an environmentally acceptable manner 有权可持续的方法，包括以环境可接受的方式种植和处理粮食和生物质能源的能源的设施公开(公告)号：US09301452B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-05
申请号：US13573297
申请日：2012-09-10
摘要： An advanced method and facility for growing abundant crops for food together with a sustainable growth of biomass for energy within a farm setting measuring (by way of example) 600 acres and yielding some 180 bushels of corn per acre, amounting to a total farm yield of 108,000 bushels. By increasing the yield of 180 to 270 bushels per acre with drainage, irrigation, and a pond that accepts water in wet weather and dispenses water for irrigation in dry weather, and supplementing with fertilizer, the 108,000 bushels can be produced with only 400 acres, this freeing 200 acres for growing biomass to be harvested and delivered to a centralized processor (preferably in pellet form) and efficiently converts the biomass into a biofuel rich in H2 for transportation such as gasoline and a low-Btu biofuel to generate biopower while co-producing fertilizer to enhance growth of both crops and biomass.
摘要翻译： 一个先进的方法和设施，用于种植丰富的粮食作物，以及在农场环境中可持续增长生物质能的能力（例如），以英亩计算（例如）600英亩，每英亩产生大约180蒲式耳的玉米，总产量为 108,000蒲式耳。 通过排水，灌溉和在天气中接受水分的池塘，在干旱天气下分配灌溉水，补充肥料，每英亩产量增加180至270蒲式耳，可生产108,000蒲式耳，只有400英亩， 这种200英亩的生长用于生长的生物量被收获并运送到集中处理器（优选以颗粒形式），并有效地将生物质转化为富含H2的生物燃料用于诸如汽油和低Btu生物燃料的运输，以产生生物能量， 生产肥料以增加作物和生物量的增长。
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