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21.发明授权Low pollutant - emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner for firetube boilers and heaters 失效用于消防锅炉和加热器的低污染物排放，高效率气旋燃烧器
公开(公告)号：US5209187A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US739209
申请日：1991-08-01
申请人： Mark J. Khinkis
发明人： Mark J. Khinkis
摘要： A low pollutant emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner and cyclonic combustion process for firetube boilers and heaters in which the combustion air required for complete combustion is introduced into the cyclonic burner in stages. Fuel and primary combustion air in an amount of about 30% to about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel are tangentially injected into a primary combustion zone of a combustion chamber within the burner. Secondary combustion air in an amount of about 10% to about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel is introduced into a secondary combustion zone in the combustion chamber downstream of the primary combustion zone. The combustion chamber walls are cooled to maintain the combustion chamber temperature between about 1600.degree. F. and 2400.degree. F.
摘要翻译： 用于燃烧管锅炉和加热器的低污染物排放，高效率气旋燃烧器和气旋燃烧过程，其中完全燃烧所需的燃烧空气分阶段地引入到气旋燃烧器中。 燃料和初级燃烧空气的燃烧量完全燃烧的化学计量要求的大约30％至大约90％的量被切向地喷射到燃烧器内的燃烧室的主要燃烧区域中。 燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约10％至约90％的二次燃烧空气被引入到主燃烧区下游的燃烧室中的二次燃烧区域中。 燃烧室壁被冷却以将燃烧室温度维持在约1600°F和2400°F之间。
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公开(公告)号：US5105747A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-21
申请号：US699164
申请日：1991-05-13
CPC分类号： F23G5/14 , F23G5/002 , F23L9/02 , F23G2900/00001
摘要： A combustion process and apparatus for simultaneously reducing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and hydrogen chloride in a high temperature furnace. A combustible material is introduced and combusted within the furnace, forming a primary combustion zone. Combustion air, sorbent and a first portion of hydrocarbon fuel are mixed and combusted within a calciner to form a product gas/calcined sorbent mixture. The product gas/calcined sorbent mixture and a remaining portion of fuel are injected into the furnace, forming an oxygen deficient secondary combustion downstream of the primary combustion zone. Overfire air is injected into the furnace, forming an oxidizing tertiary combustion zone downstream of the oxygen deficient secondary combustion zone.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在高温炉中同时还原氮氧化物，硫氧化物和氯化氢的燃烧方法和装置。 在炉内引入和燃烧可燃材料，形成初级燃烧区。 将燃烧空气，吸附剂和烃燃料的第一部分在煅烧炉中混合并燃烧以形成产物气体/煅烧的吸附剂混合物。 将产物气体/煅烧的吸附剂混合物和剩余的燃料部分注入炉中，在主燃烧区下游形成缺氧二次燃烧。 将过火空气注入炉中，在缺氧二次燃烧区下游形成氧化三级燃烧区。
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公开(公告)号：US5020456A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US486065
申请日：1990-02-28
CPC分类号： F23G5/14 , F23G5/002 , F23L9/02 , F23G2900/00001
摘要： A furnace for combustion wherein a combustion chamber is configured such that waste can be advanced from a drying zone, to a combustion zone, to a burnout zone, and then into an ash pit. An air source provides air for drying, combustion and burnout in a primary combustion zone (PCZ). Fuel or a fuel/recirculated flue gas mixture is injected above the PCZ to create a mostly reducing substoichiometric secondary combustion zone (SCZ), to reduce NO.sub.x and decompose other nitrogen bearing compounds entering the SCZ. Vitiated air is injected into the combustion chamber above the mostly reducing SCZ. A process for combustion of the waste includes introducing the waste into the combustion chamber, advancing the waste through the combustion chamber, supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber for drying and combusting the waste and final ash burnout, and removing ash products from the combustion chamber. The fuel or fuel/recirculated gas mixture is supplied into the combustion chamber to create substoichiometric conditions for NO.sub.x reduction and nitrogen bearing compounds decomposition. Overfire air is supplied into the combustion chamber above the substoichiometric zone for thorough mixing and at least partial burnout of combustibles contained within the waste/fuel combustion products.
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公开(公告)号：US4854249A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US196363
申请日：1988-05-19
CPC分类号： F23C10/005 , F23C10/08 , F23C6/04 , F23J7/00 , F23C2206/103 , F23G2202/101 , F23G2202/103 , F23G2203/30 , F23G2203/501 , F23G2209/10 , F23G2209/12 , F23G2209/26 , F23G2900/7013 , F23L2900/07005 , Y02E20/344
摘要： A process for combusting sulfur and nitrogen containing carbonaceous materials in a two stage combustion process wherein sulfur and nitrogen containing carbonaceous materials and sulfur fixation agent particulates are introduced into a first combustion stage single fluidized bed having a density/size selective solids withdrawal conduit. The carbonaceous materials are combusted in the fluidized bed under substoichiometric oxygen conditions at temperatures of about 1600.degree. to about 2000.degree. F. producing ash and reducing gases forming a reducing region in a major portion of the single fluidized bed, the reducing gases comprising gaseous sulfur compounds. In a reducing region of the fluidized bed, the gaseous sulfur compounds are reacted with oxides of the sulfur fixation agent forming an intermediate solid metallic sulfur compound and nitrogen contained in the carbonaceous materials is converted to molecular nitrogen. The intermediate sulfur compound is reacted in an oxidizing region maintained at a base portion of the fluidized bed to form a stable, solid, environmentally acceptable sulfur containing compound which is withdrawn through the selective solids withdrawal conduit with agglomerated ash.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在两阶段燃烧过程中燃烧含硫和含氮的含碳材料的方法，其中将含硫和氮的含碳材料和硫固定剂颗粒引入到具有密度/尺寸选择性固体排出导管的第一燃烧级单流化床中。 碳质材料在亚化学计量氧条件下在约1600°至约2000°F的温度下在流化床中燃烧，产生灰分和还原气体，在单一流化床的主要部分形成还原区，还原气体包含气态硫 化合物。 在流化床的还原区中，气态硫化合物与形成中间固体金属硫化合物的硫固定剂的氧化物反应，碳质材料中所含的氮转化为分子氮。 中间体硫化合物在保持在流化床底部的氧化区域中反应，以形成稳定的，固体的，环境可接受的含硫化合物，其通过具有附聚灰分的选择性固体抽出管道排出。
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公开(公告)号：US4761132A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-02
申请号：US21719
申请日：1987-03-04
申请人： Mark J. Khinkis
发明人： Mark J. Khinkis
CPC分类号： F23C6/042 , C03B5/2353 , C03B5/237 , F23L15/02 , F23L7/007 , F27D17/004 , F27D99/0033 , Y02E20/344 , Y02E20/348 , Y02P40/535 , Y02P40/55 , Y02P40/57
摘要： A process and apparatus for oxygen-rich combustion wherein a first portion of about 5 to about 40 percent of the total fuel to be cracked and combusted is introduced to a cracking chamber where it is combusted and cracked at a temperature below about 2200.degree. C. to produce a cracked products mixture. Oxygen-rich gas of greater than about 30 volume percent oxygen is introduced to the cracking chamber in about 5 to about 50 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the first portion of fuel introduced to that chamber. Cracked products mixture, a second remaining portion of fresh fuel and oxidizer having sufficient oxygen for substantially complete combustion of the combustible portion of the cracked products mixture and the fresh fuel is introduced to a combustion chamber wherein the combustible portion of the cracked products mixture and the fresh fuel is combusted. The process and apparatus provide a controllable, highly luminous, high temperature and high kinetic energy flame in the combustion chamber resulting in enhanced heat transfer rate to the furnace load, increased furnace specific production rate, increased furnace thermal efficiency, and reduced nitrogen oxides pollutant emissions.
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公开(公告)号：US09803153B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-31
申请号：US14976307
申请日：2015-12-21
CPC分类号： C10L3/00 , B01J12/007 , B01J19/2425 , B01J19/248 , B01J19/249 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00085 , B01J2219/00087 , B01J2219/00099 , B01J2219/00157 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2482 , B01J2219/2486 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0222 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/148
摘要： A radiant, non-catalytic recuperative reformer has a flue gas flow path for conducting hot exhaust gas from a thermal process and a reforming mixture flow path for conducting a reforming mixture. At least a portion of the reforming mixture flow path is positioned adjacent to the flue gas flow path to permit heat transfer from the hot exhaust gas to the reforming mixture. The reforming mixture flow path contains substantially no material commonly used as a catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuel (e.g., nickel oxide, platinum group elements or rhenium), but instead the reforming mixture is reformed into a higher calorific fuel via reactions due to the heat transfer and residence time. In a preferred embodiment, a portion of the reforming mixture flow path is positioned outside of flue gas flow path for a relatively large residence time.
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公开(公告)号：US20110236846A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：US12009471
申请日：2008-01-18
IPC分类号： F27B3/22
CPC分类号： F27B3/205 , C03B3/00 , C03B5/04 , C03B5/2356 , C03B5/44 , C03B2211/22 , C03B2211/70 , F27B17/00
摘要： A submerged combustion melter having a plurality of side walls, a bottom wall adjacent the side walls, and a top wall adjacent the side walls, the walls collectively enclosing a melting chamber, and the bottom wall forming a plurality of openings, each of which is adapted to receive a submerged combustion burner. Each of the submerged combustion burners is positioned at least 4 inches from the side walls, at least twice as far apart from each other as the distance between the submerged combustion burners and the side walls, and less than or equal to about 20 inches apart.
摘要翻译： 一种浸没式燃烧胶机，具有多个侧壁，邻近侧壁的底壁和与侧壁相邻的顶壁，所述壁共同包围熔化室，底壁形成多个开口，每个开口为 适于接收浸没式燃烧器。 每个浸入式燃烧燃烧器的位置距离侧壁至少4英寸，至少距离浸入式燃烧器与侧壁之间的距离彼此相差两倍，并且小于或等于约20英寸。
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公开(公告)号：US06321743B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-27
申请号：US09606500
申请日：2000-06-29
IPC分类号： F27B514
CPC分类号： F27D99/0035 , F23C3/002 , F23D14/12 , F23L15/04 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A method and apparatus for combustion of a fuel and oxidant in which at least a portion of a fuel and at least a portion of an oxidant are introduced into an annular region formed by an outer tubular member closed off at one end and an inner tubular member open at both ends concentrically disposed within the outer tubular member, forming a fuel/oxidant mixture. The fuel/oxidant mixture is ignited in the annular region, forming products of combustion therein. The products of combustion are then exhausted through the inner tubular member providing oxidant preheating prior to forming the fuel/oxidant mixture.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃烧燃料和氧化剂的方法和装置，其中燃料和至少一部分氧化剂的至少一部分被引入由在一端封闭的外部管状构件形成的环形区域和内部管状构件 在两端同心地设置在外管状构件内，形成燃料/氧化剂混合物。 燃料/氧化剂混合物在环形区域中点燃，形成其中的燃烧产物。 燃烧产物然后通过内部管状构件排出，在形成燃料/氧化剂混合物之前提供氧化剂预热。
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公开(公告)号：US5937772A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US902137
申请日：1997-07-30
CPC分类号： F23L9/02 , F23B5/02 , F23G5/002 , F23G2202/106
摘要： A process and apparatus for combustion in which a combustible material is introduced into a combustion chamber and oxidant is supplied to the combustion chamber. The combustible material is burned, and forming a primary combustion zone. A mixture of flue gases and flyash having an organic content is injected into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary combustion zone to create an oxygen-deficient reburn zone, thereby lowering the temperature of combustion, reducing the NO.sub.x content of the flue gases, and reducing the potential for NO.sub.x formation in a tertiary oxidizing combustion zone disposed downstream of the oxygen-deficient reburn zone.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃烧的方法和装置，其中将可燃材料引入燃烧室并将氧化剂供应到燃烧室。 可燃材料被燃烧，并形成主燃烧区。 具有有机成分的烟道气和飞灰的混合物被注入到主燃烧区下游的燃烧室中以产生缺氧再燃区，从而降低燃烧温度，降低烟道气的NOx含量，并减少 在缺氧再燃烧区域的下游的第三氧化燃烧区域中形成NOx的可能性。
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30.发明授权Process and apparatus for emissions reduction using partial oxidation of combustible material 有权使用可燃材料的部分氧化进行减排的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5934892A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US130040
申请日：1998-08-06
摘要： A process for combustion of a combustible material in which a primary combustible material is introduced into a combustion chamber having an upstream region and a downstream region, and ignited, forming a primary combustion zone. A secondary combustible material is partially combusted in a partial combustor, forming partial combustion products which are then injected into the combustion chamber downstream of the primary combustion zone, forming an oxygen deficient zone downstream of the primary combustion zone.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃烧可燃材料的方法，其中将主要可燃材料引入具有上游区域和下游区域的燃烧室中，并点燃，形成初级燃烧区域。 次级可燃材料在部分燃烧器中部分燃烧，形成部分燃烧产物，然后将其引入主燃烧区下游的燃烧室，形成主燃烧区下游的缺氧区。
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