公开(公告)号：US5524396A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US75145

申请日：1993-06-10

申请人： Haresh Lalvani

发明人： Haresh Lalvani

IPC分类号： E04B1/19 ,  E04B1/32 ,  E04B7/10

CPC分类号： E04B1/32 ,  E04B1/19 ,  E04B7/105 ,  E04B2001/1981 ,  E04B2001/199 ,  E04B2001/1993 ,  E04B2001/3223 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3276 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  Y10S52/10

摘要： A family of space structures having subdivided faces, where such faces are subdivided into rhombii in non-periodic arrangements. The rhombii are derived from regular planar stars with n vectors, and the source space structures are composed of regular polygons. The family includes: globally symmetric structures where the fundamental region is subdivided non-periodically, or globally asymmetric structures composed of regular polygons which are subdivided non-periodically or asymmetrically. The rhombii can be further subdivided periodically or non-periodically. The family further includes all regular polyhedra in the plane-faced and curve-faced states, regular tessellations, various curved polygons, cylinders and toroids, curved space labyrinths, and regular structures in higher-dimensional and hyperbolic space. The structures can be isolated structures or grouped to fill space. Applications include architectural space structures, fixed or retractable space frames, domes, vaults, saddle structures, plane or curved tiles, model-kits, toys, games, and artistic and sculptural works realized in 2- and 3-dimensions. The structures could be composed of individual units capable of being assembled or disassembled, or structures which are cast in one piece, or combination of both. Various tensile and compressive structural systems, and techniques of triangulation could be used as needed for stability.

摘要翻译： 一系列具有细分面的空间结构，其中这些面在非定期布置中被细分为菱形。 菱形源自具有n个矢量的规则平面星，源空间结构由正多边形组成。 该系列包括：全局对称结构，其中基本区域被非周期性地细分，或由正规多边形组成的全局不对称结构，其被非周期性地或非对称地细分。 菱形可以周期性地或非周期地进一步细分。 家庭还包括平面和曲面状态中的所有常规多面体，规则的镶嵌，各种弯曲的多边形，圆柱体和圆环，弯曲空间迷宫，以及高维和双曲空间中的规则结构。 结构可以是隔离结构或分组以填充空间。 应用包括建筑空间结构，固定或可缩回的空间框架，圆顶，拱顶，鞍座结构，平面或弧形砖，模型套件，玩具，游戏，以及在二维和三维实现的艺术和雕塑作品。 结构可以由能够被组装或拆卸的单个单元组成，或者以一体式铸造的结构或两者的组合组成。 可以根据需要使用各种拉伸和压缩结构体系以及三角测量技术。

公开(公告)号：US5448868A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-12

申请号：US964344

申请日：1992-10-21

申请人： Haresh Lalvani

发明人： Haresh Lalvani

IPC分类号： A63B9/00 ,  B01D39/00 ,  B01D69/00 ,  B01J19/32 ,  B01J35/04 ,  E04B1/00 ,  E04B1/19 ,  E04B1/32 ,  E04B1/348 ,  E04H1/00 ,  E04H12/00

CPC分类号： B01J35/04 ,  A63B9/00 ,  B01D39/00 ,  B01D69/00 ,  B01J19/32 ,  E04B1/1903 ,  E04B1/3211 ,  E04B1/34815 ,  E04H1/005 ,  A63B2009/006 ,  B01J2219/32282 ,  B01J2219/32293 ,  B01J2219/32296 ,  E04B2001/0053 ,  E04B2001/1933 ,  E04B2001/1984 ,  E04B2001/3223 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  Y10S52/10

摘要： Families of periodic space structures, configurations, labyrinths and space frames based on seven different known periodic space grids composed of one edge-length and even-sided polygons. The space structures have two different polyhedra corresponding to the vertices of the source grids. The space labyrinths are characterized by a continuous surface having two types of vertices and dividing space into two parts. The space frames have one type and length of strut and two different shapes of nodes. The structures have cross-disciplinary applications in the design and scientific fields. In architecture and design fields, applications for building systems one earth or outer space, architectural space layouts, environmental sculptures, playground structures, honeycomb structures, toys, puzzles, model-kits, etc. are possibilities. The space labyrinths, besides their architectural applications, provide model geometries for the design of synthetic molecular filters, micro-filters for purification of liquids and gases, and designs for micro-screens.

摘要翻译： 基于由一个边缘长度和均匀多边形组成的七个不同的已知周期性空间网格的周期性空间结构，配置，迷宫和空间框架的族。 空间结构具有与源网格顶点对应的两个不同的多面体。 空间迷宫的特征在于具有两种类型的顶点和将空间分成两部分的连续表面。 空间框架具有一种类型和长度的支柱和两种不同形状的节点。 结构在设计和科学领域具有跨学科应用。 在建筑和设计领域，地球或外太空建筑系统，建筑空间布局，环境雕塑，游乐场结构，蜂窝结构，玩具，拼图，模型套件等的应用是可能的。 空间迷宫除了其建筑应用之外，还提供用于合成分子过滤器，液体和气体净化的微型过滤器以及微型屏幕设计的模型几何形状。

公开(公告)号：US5165207A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

申请号：US824517

申请日：1992-01-23

申请人： Harlan Oehlke

发明人： Harlan Oehlke

IPC分类号： E04B1/32

CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 ,  E04B2001/3241 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  Y10T403/4641 ,  Y10T403/7073

摘要： Structural components for forming a space frame, particularly a geodesic dome structure, as well as a method of assembling the structural components is described in this invention. The structural components feature a connector having a slotted tubular member which extends into a transition area which, in turn, extends into a planar spade section. A structural conduit is positioned so as to abut the spade section and includes an inwardly extending wedge shaped protrusion that extends into a V-shaped recess formed in the transition area to lock the structural conduit with respect to the connector. Thus, when the structural conduit is placed in a state of tension, the wedge shaped protrusion acts to increase the outside diameter of the slotted tubular member so as to increase the compression of the slotted tubular member with respect to the inside surface of the structural conduit. The connectors, together with the attached structural conduits, are arranged in a star-like fashion in groups having numbers such as five or six such that the structural conduits can be arranged to form a space frame such as a geodesic dome. Each spade section includes an enlarged aperture through which securement member extends and the spade sections are placed in a layered arrangement.

摘要翻译： 在本发明中描述了用于形成空间框架的结构部件，特别是测地圆顶结构以及组装结构部件的方法。 结构部件具有连接器，该连接器具有开槽的管状部件，其延伸到过渡区域，该过渡区域又延伸到平坦的铲形部分中。 结构导管被定位成邻接铲形部分并且包括向内延伸的楔形突起，其延伸到形成在过渡区域中的V形凹部中，以相对于连接器锁定结构导管。 因此，当结构导管处于张紧状态时，楔形突起用于增加开槽管状构件的外径，以增加开槽管状构件相对于结构导管内表面的压缩 。 连接器与连接的结构导管一起以星形的方式被布置成具有诸如五或六的数字，使得结构导管可以被布置成形成诸如测地圆顶的空间框架。 每个铲形部分包括扩大的孔，固定构件通过该孔扩大，并且铲形部分以分层布置放置。

公开(公告)号：US5097640A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-24

申请号：US597113

申请日：1990-10-12

申请人： Leonard P. Skolnick ,  Joseph D. Clinton

发明人： Leonard P. Skolnick ,  Joseph D. Clinton

IPC分类号： E04B1/32 ,  G03B21/56 ,  G09F19/18

CPC分类号： G09F19/18 ,  E04B1/3211 ,  G03B21/56 ,  E04B2001/3241 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3252 ,  E04B2001/3294

摘要： A frame for a projection screen or the like may be fabricated of elongated round tubular members running one direction and polygonal (preferably rectangular) cross section members running in the other direction connected together into a grid by clamps at their intersections. The clamps are parallel plates affixed to the parallel surfaces of the polygonal support members and have a rounded groove in an edge generally conforming to the rounded cross section. Clamp means to hold the round members in the grooves are conveniently formed of U-bolts which are secured to flanges generally normal to the planar surfaces of the bracket. The frame is particularly useful for compound curved surfaces including generally spherical domes. In such configurations the rectangular elongated support members are arranged as latitudes and the round section members as longitudes outside of the rectangular members. Panels may be designed with proper curvature to have their edges mounted directly on the longitudinal frame member and butt against other panel edges supported on the frame member. An alternative form of mounting provides a flexible resilient support member supported at multiple support points from a supporting frame member and having at least one adjustable member connecting it to that support member whereby at least the radial dimension can be changed to change the curvature of the flexible members.

摘要翻译： 用于投影屏幕等的框架可以由沿着一个方向延伸的细长圆形管状构件和沿另一方向延伸的多边形（优选矩形）横截面构件制成，该横截面构件在其相交处通过夹具连接在一起成为格栅。 夹具是固定到多边形支撑构件的平行表面上的平行板，并且在通常符合圆形横截面的边缘中具有圆形凹槽。 用于将圆形构件保持在凹槽中的夹紧装置方便地由U形螺栓形成，该螺栓固定到通常垂直于支架的平面表面的凸缘上。 该框架对于包括大致球形圆顶的复合曲面特别有用。 在这种构造中，矩形细长的支撑构件被布置为纬度，圆形构件作为矩形构件外侧的经度。 面板可以被设计成具有适当的曲率，以使它们的边缘直接安装在纵向框架构件上并抵靠支撑在框架构件上的其他面板边缘。 一种替代形式的安装提供了一种柔性弹性支撑构件，该弹性支撑构件从支撑框架构件支撑在多个支撑点处，并且具有至少一个可调节构件，其将其连接到该支撑构件，由此至少可以改变径向尺寸以改变柔性 会员

公开(公告)号：US5007220A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-16

申请号：US282991

申请日：1988-12-02

申请人： Haresh Lalvani

发明人： Haresh Lalvani

IPC分类号： A63F9/06 ,  A63F9/10 ,  B44C3/12 ,  E01C5/00 ,  E04B1/19 ,  E04B1/32

CPC分类号： A63F9/10 ,  B44C3/123 ,  E01C5/00 ,  E04B1/19 ,  E04B1/32 ,  A63F2009/0697 ,  A63F9/0669 ,  E01C2201/06 ,  E04B1/1906 ,  E04B2001/1918 ,  E04B2001/1927 ,  E04B2001/1933 ,  E04B2001/1966 ,  E04B2001/1978 ,  E04B2001/1981 ,  E04B2001/3223 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  Y10S52/10 ,  Y10T403/342 ,  Y10T403/345

摘要： A family of space frames formed from one or more parallel, planar layers, with each layer comprising a plurality of prismatic nodes arranged in a spaced, non-periodic or periodic, planar array and a plurality of struts coupling adjacent nodes together. Each node has top and bottom surfaces of the same configuration and p side surfaces interconnecting the top and bottom surfaces or any suitable shape derived from this configuration. P is any odd number greater than three or any even number greater than four. Adjacent layers are coupled via interconnecting struts that are perpendicular to each layer or tilted relative to each layer. Successive layers are the same or different. The space frames can also define, locate, and map out tiled surfaces or block-filled volumes.

摘要翻译： 由一个或多个平行的平面层形成的一系列空间框架，每个层包括以间隔的，非周期的或周期性的平面阵列布置的多个棱柱形节点和将相邻节点耦合在一起的多个支柱。 每个节点具有相同配置的顶表面和底表面，以及互连顶表面和底表面的p侧表面或从该构造衍生的任何合适形状。 P是大于3的任何奇数或大于4的任何偶数。 相邻的层通过垂直于每个层的相互连接的支柱或相对于每个层倾斜而相互耦合。 连续层是相同或不同的。 空间框架还可以定义，定位和绘制平铺表面或块填充卷。

公开(公告)号：US4953329A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

申请号：US215490

申请日：1988-07-06

申请人： Erich Frantl

发明人： Erich Frantl

IPC分类号： E04B1/32

CPC分类号： E04B1/3205 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3294

摘要： A supporting frame structure including supporting bars is disclosed. The structure is polygonally-curved in at least one direction to increase its dimensional stability despite a low bending resistance of the bars of the supporting structure and the bar bend points or nodes. Two bar bend points are connected together by a prestressed tension member of a first set of prestressed tension members while two bend points, which lie on opposite sides of one of the two bend points connected by the tension member of the first set, are connected by a tension member of a second set of prestressed tension members. To dampen vibrations induced in the supporting frame structure, spring-damper elements are provided. Such spring-damper elements also can be used to prestress the tension members of the two sets thereof.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括支撑杆的支撑框架结构。 该结构在至少一个方向上是多边形弯曲的，以增加其尺寸稳定性，尽管支撑结构的杆和杆弯曲点或节点具有低的抗弯曲性。 两个弯曲点通过第一组预应力张紧构件的预应力张紧构件连接在一起，而两个弯曲点位于由第一组的张力构件连接的两个弯曲点之一的相对侧上，两个弯曲点通过 第二组预应力张紧构件的张紧构件。 为了抑制在支撑框架结构中引起的振动，提供弹簧阻尼器元件。 这种弹簧阻尼器元件也可用于对其两组的张紧构件进行预应力。

公开(公告)号：US4951432A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-28

申请号：US441524

申请日：1989-11-27

申请人： Don G. Wilkinson

发明人： Don G. Wilkinson

IPC分类号： E04B1/32 ,  E04B1/343 ,  E04B1/344

CPC分类号： E04B1/34321 ,  E04B1/3211 ,  E04B1/34378 ,  E04B1/344 ,  E04B2001/3276 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  Y10S52/10

摘要： A folding building structure has a fixed roof formed by joining a plurality of identical triangles which have two equal side edges, a base edge and an apex opposite the base edge. All these apexes meet at a common point. To each roof base edge is hingedly joined the coextensive base edge of a wall triangle having two equal side edges. Each side edge of a wall triangle has hingedly joined thereto the hypotenuse edge of a right triangular wall panel. Each right triangular wall panel has a side edge equal to the height of the wall triangles having two equal side edges, and adjacent side edges of the right triangular wall panels are hingedly joined.

摘要翻译： 折叠建筑结构具有通过连接具有两个相等侧边缘的多个相同三角形形成的固定屋顶，基部边缘和与基部边缘相对的顶点。 所有这些顶点在一个共同点上相遇。 每个屋顶基座边缘铰接地连接在具有两个相等的侧边缘的三角形的共同延伸基座边缘上。 三角形的每个侧边缘已经铰链地连接到右三角形墙板的斜边。 每个右三角形壁板具有等于具有两个相等侧边缘的壁三角形的高度的侧边缘，并且右三角形壁板的相邻侧边缘铰接地连接。

公开(公告)号：US4843773A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-04

申请号：US174708

申请日：1988-03-29

申请人： Donald L. Richter

发明人： Donald L. Richter

IPC分类号： E04B1/32 ,  E04B7/06 ,  E04D3/08

CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3252 ,  E04B2001/3288 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  E04B2007/066 ,  E04D2003/0806 ,  E04D2003/0831 ,  E04D2003/0862

摘要： Glazing panels are mounted to a support member to have a substantially flush surface between the panels. Each panel carries on an inner surface along each mounting edge a member defining an elongate recess open away from a central part of the sheet. A central upstanding rib on the support member forms shoulders therealong which face toward the member. A resilient gasket extends along the support member on either side of the central rib. Each panel is placed in its desired mounted position with its mounting edge member in contact with the adjacent gasket so that the edge of the sheet is spaced to the side of the central rib which ends between the sheet outer surface and the support member. Resilient clips are engaged at intervals along each sheet between the sheet's recess and the corresponding shoulder to pull the sheet into sealing contact with its gasket via its mounting edge member. A sealing material is applied between the adjacent sheet edges, substantially flush with the outer surfaces of the sheet, over a backer which is bridged between the opposing recesses over the central rib.

摘要翻译： 玻璃板安装到支撑构件上以在面板之间具有基本平齐的表面。 每个面板沿着每个安装边缘承载限定从片材的中心部分敞开的细长凹部的构件的内表面。 支撑构件上的中央直立肋形成朝向该构件的肩部。 弹性衬垫沿着中央肋的任一侧上的支撑构件延伸。 每个面板被放置在其期望的安装位置，其安装边缘构件与相邻的垫圈接触，使得片材的边缘与中心肋条的侧面间隔开，该侧壁终止于片材外表面和支撑构件之间。 柔性夹子沿着片材的凹部和对应的肩部之间的每个片材间隔地接合，以通过其安装边缘构件拉动片材与其垫圈的密封接触。 密封材料施加在相邻的片材边缘之间，基本上与片材的外表面齐平，并穿过中间肋条上相对的凹槽之间桥接的衬垫。

公开(公告)号：US4825602A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-02

申请号：US111451

申请日：1987-10-22

申请人： J. Craig Yacoe

发明人： J. Craig Yacoe

IPC分类号： E04B1/32

CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 ,  E04B2001/3294 ,  Y10S52/10

摘要： Polyhedral structures that approximate an ellipsoid made up of generally irregular polygons.

摘要翻译： 近似由大致不规则多边形构成的椭圆体的多面体结构。

公开(公告)号：US4796389A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-10

申请号：US55955

申请日：1987-06-01

申请人： Dante Bini ,  Domenico Bogliari ,  Sandro Lomoro ,  Daniele Minozzi ,  Stefano Pietrogrande ,  Dario Zucchi

发明人： Dante Bini ,  Domenico Bogliari ,  Sandro Lomoro ,  Daniele Minozzi ,  Stefano Pietrogrande ,  Dario Zucchi

IPC分类号： E04H15/34 ,  E04B1/19 ,  E04B1/32 ,  E04B1/342 ,  E04B7/00 ,  E04B7/10 ,  E04H15/20 ,  E04H14/00

CPC分类号： E04B1/1906 ,  E04B1/3211 ,  E04B7/105 ,  E04B1/1909 ,  E04B2001/1927 ,  E04B2001/1942 ,  E04B2001/196 ,  E04B2001/1963 ,  E04B2001/1987 ,  E04B2001/3217 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3252 ,  E04B2001/3294

摘要： A reticular spatial structure comprising a plurality of perimetral rod-like elements which are associable, at their ends, with perimetral nodes; a plurality of variable-length rod-like elements hinged to connecting nodes having a spherical contact surface adapted to allow the rotation of at least part of the variable-length rod-like elements both about the axis of said elements and with respect to the geometrical center of the various nodes, for the extension of the variable-length elements during the raising of the framework which is preassembled on a base plane. A connecting node comprises a lower plate and an upper plate securing a covering membrane, which can be fixed to a rocker suspension pivot connected to a hollow body having both the outer surface and the inner surface in the shape of equatorial segments of concentric spheres. The hollow body is provided with openings for the insertion of the node-rode fixing bolts.

摘要翻译： 一种网状空间结构，包括多个周边杆状元件，它们的端部可与周边节点相关联; 多个可变长度的杆状元件铰接到具有球形接触表面的连接节点，适于允许可变长度的杆状元件的至少一部分围绕所述元件的轴线旋转，并且相对于几何形状 用于在预先组装在基础平面上的框架的升高期间扩展可变长度元素。 连接节点包括下板和固定覆盖膜的上板，其可以固定到连接到具有同心球的赤道部分形状的外表面和内表面的中空体的摇臂悬架枢轴。 中空体设置有用于插入节点固定螺栓的开口。