公开(公告)号：US4549886A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-29

申请号：US595101

申请日：1984-03-30

Applicant: John S. Stevenson

Inventor： John S. Stevenson

IPC: C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0979 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: A method is provided for turning down or up the output of raw product gas from a partial oxidation gas generator while maintaining in an acceptable range the efficiency of the gas generation, or conversion of the fuel to gas, and the quality of the gas produced. In the process, the flow rates for the separate feedstreams to the burner comprising fuel optionally in admixture with a temperature moderator, at least one stream of free-oxygen containing gas optionally in admixture with a temperature moderator, and with or without a separate feedstream of temperature moderator are adjusted down or up a predetermined amount to obtain a specified output of raw product gas while maintaining substantially constant in the reaction zone the levels of O/C atomic ratio and the temperature moderator/fuel weight ratio. Further, the temperature of at least one stream of free-oxygen containing gas optionally in admixture with a temperature moderator is increased at turn-down and decreased at turn-up to a predetermined value which is an indirect function of its adjusted flow rate. By this means, the burner tip velocity of the temperature adjusted stream of free-oxygen containing gas optionally in admixture with a temperature moderator is held within an acceptable range, and changes in the process efficiency and pressure drop across the burner are minimized.

Abstract translation: 提供一种方法，用于将来自部分氧化气体发生器的原料气体的输出降低或升高，同时保持气体产生的效率或燃料转化为气体的可接受范围以及产生的气体的质量。 在该过程中，包含燃料的单独进料流的流速包括任选地与温度调节剂混合的燃料，至少一种含有游离氧的气体流任选地与温度调节剂混合，并且具有或不具有单独的进料流 温度调节剂向下或向上调节预定量，以获得原始产物气体的特定输出，同时在反应区域保持基本上恒定的O / C原子比和温度调节剂/燃料重量比的水平。 此外，任选地与温度调节剂混合的至少一种含游离氧的气体的温度在下降时增加，并且在向上调节至预定值，其为其调节的流量的间接函数。 通过这种方式，任选地与温度调节剂混合的温度调节的含游离氧气体的流的燃烧器尖端速度保持在可接受的范围内，并且使整个燃烧器的过程效率和压降的变化最小化。

公开(公告)号：US4394137A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-19

申请号：US272420

申请日：1981-06-10

Applicant: Charles P. Marion ,  William B. Crouch ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

Inventor： Charles P. Marion ,  William B. Crouch ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

IPC: C01B3/32 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0966 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: A partial oxidation process for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which process one fuel is replaced by a differing fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. This multifuel process is not tied to one particular fuel and reacts slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuels. Problems of fuel availability are reduced due to the wide selection of fuels that are suitable for the subject process. A two-section burner having a high turndown feature is employed that comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of tubes positioned in said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of tubes positioned in said annular passage. The downstream ends of said central and/or annular bunches of tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifie and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel streams flowing through either one or both sections of the burner. The flow rates of the oxidant, fuel, and temperature moderator streams may also be varied in either one or both sections of the burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown or turnup of the burner and a change in the production of the effluent gas.

Abstract translation: 用于连续生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法，其中一个燃料被不同的燃料代替，而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 这种多种方法不与一种特定的燃料相关联，并且反应固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃类燃料的浆料。 由于适用于主题过程的燃料的广泛选择，燃料可用性的问题减少。 使用具有高调节特征的两段式燃烧器，其包括中心导管; 定位在所述中心导管中的中心束管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及定位在所述环形通道中的环形束管。 所述中心管和/或环形束束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游退回约0至12的距离，即中心出口的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口的最小宽度 。 提供了一种控制系统，用于切换流过燃烧器的一个或两个部分的反应物燃料流的类型。 氧化剂，燃料和温度调节剂流的流速也可以在燃烧器的一个或两个部分中变化，从而实现燃烧器的快速调节或升高以及废气的产生的变化。

公开(公告)号：US4392869A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-12

申请号：US272415

申请日：1981-06-10

Applicant: Charles P. Marion ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  William B. Crouch ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

Inventor： Charles P. Marion ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  William B. Crouch ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

IPC: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0966 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: A burner and partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. A control system is presented for varying the flow rates of the oxidant and fuel streams and/or for switching the reactant streams through one or both sections of the subject burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown of the burner and in the production of the effluent gas.

Abstract translation: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器和部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管，其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离，即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降，而不会影响稳定运行。 提出了一种控制系统，用于改变氧化剂和燃料流的流速和/或用于通过对象燃烧器的一个或两个部分切换反应物流，从而实现燃烧器的快速调节和废气的生产 。

公开(公告)号：US20090265988A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-29

申请号：US12429224

申请日：2009-04-24

Applicant: Bhadra S. Grover

Inventor： Bhadra S. Grover

IPC: C10J1/20

CPC classification number: C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/065 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  Y10S48/10 ,  Y10S423/05 ,  Y10S423/06

Abstract: A method of hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons for syngas production is presented. A hydrogenation feed reactor stream is introduced into a hydrogenation reactor, thereby producing a reformer feed stream. The reformer feed stream is introduced into a reformer, thereby producing a crude syngas stream. The crude syngas stream is introduced into a water gas shift converter, thereby producing a hydrogen-rich stream. The hydrogen-rich stream is separated in a separation means, thereby producing a carbon dioxide-rich stream and a hydrogen product stream. At least a portion of the hydrogen product stream is combined with a refinery fuel gas stream, and a natural gas stream, to form the hydrogenation reactor feed stream.

Abstract translation: 提出了合成气生产中不饱和烃氢化方法。 将氢化进料反应器流引入氢化反应器中，从而产生重整器进料流。 将重整器进料流引入重整器中，从而产生粗合成气流。 将粗合成气流引入水煤气变换器，从而产生富氢流。 富氢流在分离装置中分离，从而产生富二氧化碳流和氢产物流。 将氢产物流的至少一部分与炼油厂燃料气流和天然气流组合以形成氢化反应器进料流。

公开(公告)号：US4883499A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-28

申请号：US191209

申请日：1988-05-06

Applicant: Frederick P. Beierle ,  Mounir Mazzawi

Inventor： Frederick P. Beierle ,  Mounir Mazzawi

IPC: C01B32/336 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10J3/02

CPC classification number: C10B53/02 ,  C01B31/10 ,  C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10J2300/1621 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: An improved gasification system, in which synthesis gas is produced through the operation of a fuel gas production bed comprising an upper layer (66) of organic input material, typically in the form of pellets or briquettes of substantially uniform size and configuration, two intermediate layers, one intermediate layer (70) for carbonizing the input material, and the other intermediate layer (72) for partially oxidizing and substantially completely pyrolyzing the input material and a lower layer (68) of tar-free charcoal. The length of the gas production bed from the top of the upper intermediate layer to the point where gas exits from the gas production bed is approximately at least 1.5 times the diameter of the bed, but not less than 7 feet. The removal of charcoal from the gas production bed is controlled and the operation of the bed otherwise controlled such that the charcoal produced during the process is activated carbon. A multi-stage gas cooling system is provided to bring the gas quickly and efficiently to a relatively low temperature for end use.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的气化系统，其中通过操作包括有机输入材料的上层（66）的燃料气体生产床来生产合成气，其通常为具有基本上均匀尺寸和构型的颗粒或团块的形式，两个中间层 ，用于对输入材料进行碳化的一个中间层（70）和用于部分氧化并基本上完全热解输入材料的另一中间层（72）和不含焦油的木炭的下层（68）。 从上部中间层顶部到气体从气体生产床排出的气体生产床的长度大约是床的直径的1.5倍，但不小于7英尺。 控制从气体生产床除去木炭，并且控制床的操作，使得在该过程中产生的木炭是活性炭。 提供多级气体冷却系统，以将气体快速有效地送到相对较低的温度以供最终使用。

公开(公告)号：US4869730A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-26

申请号：US200007

申请日：1988-05-27

Applicant: Madhu Bhatnagar ,  Ronald E. Opfer, Jr.

Inventor： Madhu Bhatnagar ,  Ronald E. Opfer, Jr.

IPC: B01J7/00

CPC classification number: B01J7/00 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: An improved gas generator in which the composition of gas generated in a heated reactor is maintained when the flow rate from the reactor is adjusted. To accomplish this, the generator includes two diverting means responsive to the flow rate. The first diverts a portion of the reactant mixture before it enters the reactor, the diverted amount being insufficient to change the composition of the generated gas. The second diverts a portion of the generated gas to a burner for heating the reactor.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的气体发生器，其中当调节来自反应器的流速时，保持在加热的反应器中产生的气体的组成。 为了实现这一点，发电机包括响应于流量的两个转向装置。 反应物混合物的一部分在其进入反应器之前首先转移，转移量不足以改变所产生的气体的组成。 第二个将一部分产生的气体转移到用于加热反应器的燃烧器。

公开(公告)号：US4666462A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US868501

申请日：1986-05-30

Applicant: Michael C. Martin

Inventor： Michael C. Martin

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: Control process for producing an aqueous slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel having a desired solids concentration for feed to a partial oxidation gas generator by grinding together in a size reduction zone a recycle aqueous slurry stream comprising carbon-containing particulate solids, a stream of solid carbonaceous fuel, and a specific amount of make-up water. No valves are in the line or path between the size reduction zone and the feed tanks for the solid carbonaceous fuel and recycle aqueous slurry. A system control unit automatically calculates the amount of make-up water and provides a corresponding signal to control the flow rate. Input signals that are provided to the system control unit include those corresponding to the weigh belt feeder speed and moisture content for the solid carbonaceous fuel; and pump speed, weight fraction, temperature, and density of the solids for the slurry of recycle particulate solids.

Abstract translation: 用于生产具有所需固体浓度的固体碳质燃料的含水浆料用于部分氧化气体发生器的控制方法，所述固体碳质燃料通过在尺寸减小区中一起研磨包含含碳颗粒固体的再循环含水浆料流，固体碳质燃料流 ，和一定量的化妆水。 减压区和固体碳质燃料和再循环水浆料的进料罐之间的管线或路径中没有阀。 系统控制单元自动计算补充水量，并提供相应的信号来控制流量。 提供给系统控制单元的输入信号包括对应于固体碳质燃料的称重带进料器速度和含水量的输入信号; 以及用于再循环颗粒固体的浆料的固体的泵速，重量分数，温度和密度。

公开(公告)号：US4655793A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-07

申请号：US735552

申请日：1985-05-17

Applicant: Hans C. Pohl

Inventor： Hans C. Pohl

IPC: C10J3/74 ,  F22B1/16 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/80

CPC classification number: F22B1/167 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: In a method for safely operating a coal gasifier which is indirectly cooled by passing a heat-carrying oil through a cooling jacket of the gasifier, the pressure of the heat-carrying oil is continually measured after having passed through the cooling jacket. If the measured pressure falls below a predetermined pressure, the supply of coal and gasifying agents to the gasifier is interrupted, the passage of heat-carrying oil is interrupted and water or steam is passed through the cooling jacket until the gasifier is safely shutdown.

Abstract translation: 在通过将载热油通过气化器的冷却套间接冷却的煤气化炉的安全操作方法中，在通过冷却套之后，继续测量承载油的压力。 如果测得的压力低于预定的压力，煤气和气化剂向气化器的供应中断，则承载油的通过被中断，水或蒸汽通过冷却套，直到气化器安全关闭。

公开(公告)号：US4490156A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US422938

申请日：1982-09-24

Applicant: Charles P. Marion ,  William B. Crouch ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

Inventor： Charles P. Marion ,  William B. Crouch ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

IPC: C01B3/32 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/50

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: A control system for a partial oxidation process for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which process one fuel is replaced by a different fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. This multifuel process is not tied to one particular fuel and reacts slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuels. Problems of fuel availability are reduced due to the wide selection of fuels that are suitable for the subject process. A two-section burner having a high turndown feature is employed that comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of tubes positioned in said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of tubes positioned in said annular passage. The downstream ends of said central and/or annular bunches of tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel streams flowing through either one or both sections of the burner. The flow rates of the oxidant, fuel, and temperature moderator streams may also be varied in either one or both sections of the burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown or turnup of the burner and a change in the production of the effluent gas.

Abstract translation: 一种用于连续生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法的控制系统，其中一种燃料被不同的燃料代替，而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 这种多种方法不与一种特定的燃料相关联，并且反应固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃类燃料的浆料。 由于适用于主题过程的燃料的广泛选择，燃料可用性的问题减少。 使用具有高调节特征的两段式燃烧器，其包括中心导管; 定位在所述中心导管中的中心束管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及定位在所述环形通道中的环形束管。 所述中心和/或环形束束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游退回约0至12的距离，即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口孔的最小宽度 。 提供了一种控制系统，用于切换流过燃烧器的一个或两个部分的反应物燃料流的类型。 氧化剂，燃料和温度调节剂流的流速也可以在燃烧器的一个或两个部分中变化，从而实现燃烧器的快速调节或升高以及废气的产生的变化。

公开(公告)号：US4489562A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US439969

申请日：1982-11-08

Applicant: Troxell K. Snyder ,  Paul H. Chase

Inventor： Troxell K. Snyder ,  Paul H. Chase

IPC: F02C3/28 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/72 ,  F01K23/06 ,  F01K23/10 ,  F23N5/00 ,  F22D5/28 ,  G05B1/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/30 ,  F01K23/067 ,  F01K23/101 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: Fuel and oxidant feed rates into a gasifier 202 are regulated by monitoring overall output 14 and comparing with a pre-selected setpoint valve 10. An overall load demand signal 50, responsive to this comparision is generated and used as an input to control 102 oxidant feed rate. The heating value of the product gas is measured 76 and used to control 64 overall fuel feed rate to the gasifier 202. For a two stage slagging gasifier, the present invention controls 114 fuel feed rate to the slagging stage 210 responsive to the measured slagging stage reaction temperature 128.

Abstract translation: 通过监测总体输出14并与预先选定的设定点阀10进行比较来调节进入气化器202的燃料和氧化剂进料速率。响应于该比较的总体负载需求信号50被产生并用作控制102氧化剂进料的输入 率。 测量产物气体的热值76，并用于控制与气化器202的总体燃料进料速率。对于两级成渣气化器，本发明根据测量的排渣阶段来控制114向造渣段210的燃料进料速率 反应温度128℃。