公开(公告)号：US09316860B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-19

申请号：US14137383

申请日：2013-12-20

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Nicholas C. Buchanan ,  Brian H. Thornton ,  Cheng Chen ,  Craig S. Gilden ,  Jun Qi ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02B5/30 ,  G02B1/111

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02B1/111 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B5/3033 ,  G02B5/305

Abstract: A display polarizer may have a polymer layer such as a polyvinyl alcohol layer coated with a dichroic dye such as iodine. A polymer layer such as a tri-acetyl cellulose layer may be formed on the polyvinyl alcohol layer so that the iodine is interposed between the polyvinyl alcohol layer and the tri-acetyl cellulose layer. To provide protection for the iodine layer, an additional polymer layer such as an additional tri-acetyl cellulose layer and a layer of adhesive may be formed on top of the polymer layer. A functional layer such as an antireflection layer may form an outermost layer in the polarizer. Compensation films may be formed beneath the polyvinyl alcohol layer. Additional display layers such as a lower polarizer layer and interposed layers such as a thin-film transistor layer, liquid crystal layer, and color filter layer may be formed below the compensation films.

Abstract translation: 显示器偏振器可以具有聚合物层，例如涂覆有二色性染料如碘的聚乙烯醇层。 可以在聚乙烯醇层上形成聚合物层，例如三乙酰纤维素层，以使碘介于聚乙烯醇层和三乙酰纤维素层之间。 为了提供对碘层的保护，可以在聚合物层的顶部上形成另外的聚合物层，例如另外的三乙酰纤维素层和粘合剂层。 诸如抗反射层的功能层可以在偏振器中形成最外层。 补偿膜可以形成在聚乙烯醇层之下。 可以在补偿膜的下方形成附加的显示层，例如下偏振器层和诸如薄膜晶体管层，液晶层和滤色器层的插入层。

公开(公告)号：US20160093239A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-31

申请号：US14500646

申请日：2014-09-29

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Louis Luh ,  Jun Qi ,  Cheng Chen ,  Jun Jiang ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Marc Albrecht

IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G06F1/32

CPC classification number: G06F1/32 ,  G09G5/003 ,  G09G2320/0247 ,  G09G2330/021 ,  G09G2340/0435 ,  G09G2360/16

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating a display by dynamically determining a refresh rate for the display. In certain implementations, a processor determines a number of pixels having medium grayscale levels from a histogram for the image. If the number does not exceed a threshold, the processor sets a refresh rate for the display to a first refresh rate. In certain implementations, if the number exceeds a threshold, the processor may set the refresh rate for the display to a second refresh rate. Moreover, the first refresh rate may be lower than the second threshold. In some implementations, the image may be analyzed by subdividing the image into blocks and determining a refresh rate based on grayscale levels or distributions in the blocks. Based on the analysis of the blocks, a corresponding refresh rate may be selected.

Abstract translation: 通过动态地确定显示器的刷新率来操作显示器的系统和方法。 在某些实现中，处理器根据图像的直方图确定具有中等灰度等级的像素数。 如果号码不超过阈值，则处理器将显示器的刷新率设置为第一刷新率。 在某些实现中，如果数量超过阈值，则处理器可以将显示器的刷新率设置为第二刷新率。 此外，第一刷新率可以低于第二阈值。 在一些实现中，可以通过将图像细分为块并且基于块中的灰度等级或分布来确定刷新率来分析图像。 基于块的分析，可以选择相应的刷新率。

公开(公告)号：US09292044B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-22

申请号：US13896946

申请日：2013-05-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Dinesh C. Mathew ,  Keith J. Hendren ,  Jun Qi ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Thomas Wilson, Jr. ,  Adam T. Garelli

IPC: G06F1/16 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  H04M1/02 ,  G02F1/133

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display. Inactive portions of the display such as peripheral portions of the display may be masked using an opaque masking layer. An opening may be provided in the opaque masking layer to allow light to pass. For example, a logo may be viewed through an opening in the opaque masking layer and a camera may receive light through an opening in the opaque masking layer. The display may include upper and lower polarizers, a color filter layer, and a thin-film transistor layer. The opaque masking layer may be formed on the upper polarizer, may be interposed between the upper polarizer and the color filter layer, or may be interposed between the color filter layer and the thin-film transistor layer. The upper polarizer may have unpolarized windows for cameras, logos, or other internal structures.

公开(公告)号：US20150355399A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-10

申请号：US14494555

申请日：2014-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chenhua You ,  Jun Qi ,  Sheng Min Wang ,  Victor H. Yin

IPC: F21V8/00 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02B6/005 ,  G02B6/0055 ,  G02B6/0068 ,  G02B6/0073 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133615 ,  G02F1/133617 ,  G02F2001/133614 ,  G02F2001/133624

Abstract: Display backlight structures may provide backlight illumination that passes through display layers in the display. Light-emitting diodes may emit blue light into an edge of a light guide plate. Optical films may overlap the light guide plate. The optical films may include a quantum dot enhancement film. A peripheral strip of yellow reflector or other light control structures may be incorporated into the backlight structures to reduce blue edge effects. The light control structures may have features with a spatially varying density, may be formed from quantum dot enhancement film, or may be formed form other structures. The light control structures may be formed on the surfaces of the optical films, on a reflective layer under the light guide plate, or on a surface of a mold frame or other structure that lies in a plane parallel to the plane of the light guide plate.

Abstract translation: 显示器背光结构可以提供穿过显示器中的显示层的背光照明。 发光二极管可以将蓝光发射到导光板的边缘。 光学膜可能与导光板重叠。 光学膜可以包括量子点增强膜。 黄色反射器或其他光控制结构的外围条可以并入背光结构中以减少蓝色边缘效应。 光控制结构可以具有空间变化密度的特征，可以由量子点增强膜形成，或者可以由其它结构形成。 光控制结构可以形成在光学膜的表面上，在导光板下面的反射层上，或者在与平行于导光板的平面的平面中的模架或其他结构的表面上 。

公开(公告)号：US20150296580A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-15

申请号：US14249237

申请日：2014-04-09

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： ByoungSuk Kim ,  Jun Qi ,  Victor H. Yin

IPC: H05B33/08 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/133603 ,  G02F2001/133601 ,  G02F2001/133612 ,  G09G3/3426 ,  G09G2320/0686 ,  H05B33/086

Abstract: A display may have an array of display pixels for displaying images for a user. A backlight unit may provide backlight for the display pixels. The backlight unit may have a substrate such as a printed circuit substrate. An array of locally dimmable backlight elements may be mounted on the substrate. The substrate may be mounted against an inner surface of a metal electronic device housing or other support structure in an electronic device. Each backlight element may have a semiconductor package containing a semiconductor die. The semiconductor die may have a light-emitting diode and a light-emitting-diode control circuit. The light-emitting-diode control circuit may have a pair of transistors and a capacitor. One of the transistors may be connected in series with the light-emitting diode. The light-emitting diode control circuit may receive control signals on a gate line terminal and a source line terminal.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有用于为用户显示图像的显示像素阵列。 背光单元可以为显示像素提供背光。 背光单元可以具有诸如印刷电路基板的基板。 本地可调光背光元件阵列可安装在基板上。 衬底可以抵靠电子设备中的金属电子器件外壳或其他支撑结构的内表面安装。 每个背光元件可以具有包含半导体管芯的半导体封装。 半导体管芯可以具有发光二极管和发光二极管控制电路。 发光二极管控制电路可以具有一对晶体管和电容器。 一个晶体管可以与发光二极管串联连接。 发光二极管控制电路可以在栅极线端子和源极线端子上接收控制信号。

公开(公告)号：US20150248033A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-03

申请号：US14684758

申请日：2015-04-13

Applicant: Apple, Inc.

Inventor： Xinyu Zhu ,  Jun Qi ,  Meizi Jiao ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Wei Chen ,  Ming Xu ,  Cheng Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02B6/0053 ,  G02B6/0073 ,  G02F1/133504 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  G02F2413/01

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. The display may include a liquid crystal display module and a reflective polarizer having an in-plane optical axis. The display may also include a backlight unit that includes a light source, a light guide element, and a reflector film coupled to a backside of the light guide element. The display may also include a light retardation layer such as a quarter wave film. The quarter wave film may be arranged between the reflective polarizer and the reflector film of the backlight unit. Partially polarized light that is output from a front side of the light guide element may have a first component parallel to the in-plane optical axis and a second component perpendicular to the in-plane optical axis of the reflective polarizer. The second component may be reflected from the reflective polarizer.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有安装在壳体中的显示器。 显示器可以包括液晶显示模块和具有面内光轴的反射偏振器。 显示器还可以包括背光单元，其包括光源，导光元件和耦合到导光元件的背面的反射膜。 显示器还可以包括诸如四分之一波片的光延迟层。 四分之一波片可以布置在反射偏振器和背光单元的反射膜之间。 从导光元件的前侧输出的部分偏振光可以具有平行于面内光轴的第一分量和垂直于反射型偏振器的平面内光轴的第二分量。 第二组分可以从反射偏振器反射。

公开(公告)号：US20150198834A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-16

申请号：US14502199

申请日：2014-09-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jiaying Wu ,  Wei Chen ,  Cheng Chen ,  William Mathews Riedel ,  Jun Qi ,  John Z. Zhong ,  Gabriel Marcu

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/1336 ,  G02F1/13471 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133614 ,  G02F2413/13 ,  G02F2413/14

Abstract: A display may have a first stage such as a color liquid crystal display stage and a second stage such as a monochromatic liquid crystal display stage that are coupled in tandem so that light from a backlight passes through both stages. The dynamic range of the display may be enhanced by using the second stage to perform local dimming operations. The pixel pitch of the second stage may be greater than the pixel pitch of the first stage to ease alignment tolerances and reduce image processing complexity. The color stage and monochromatic stages may share a polarizer. A color filter in the color stage may have an array of red, green, and blue elements or an array of white, red, green, and blue elements. The color stage may be a fringe field display and the monochrome stage may be an in-plane switching display or a twisted nematic stage.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有第一级，例如彩色液晶显示级和第二级，例如单色液晶显示级，其串联耦合，使得来自背光的光通过两级。 可以通过使用第二级来执行局部调光操作来增强显示器的动态范围。 第二级的像素间距可以大于第一级的像素间距，以减轻对准公差并降低图像处理的复杂性。 彩色舞台和单色舞台可以共享偏振器。 彩色舞台中的彩色滤光片可以具有红色，绿色和蓝色元素的阵列或白色，红色，绿色和蓝色元素的阵列。 彩色舞台可以是边缘场显示，并且单色舞台可以是平面内切换显示或扭曲向列舞台。

公开(公告)号：US20150177562A1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-25

申请号：US14137383

申请日：2013-12-20

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Nicholas C. Buchanan ,  Brian H. Thornton ,  Cheng Chen ,  Craig S. Gilden ,  Jun Qi ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02B1/11 ,  G02B5/30

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02B1/111 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B5/3033 ,  G02B5/305

Abstract: A display polarizer may have a polymer layer such as a polyvinyl alcohol layer coated with a dichroic dye such as iodine. A polymer layer such as a tri-acetyl cellulose layer may be formed on the polyvinyl alcohol layer so that the iodine is interposed between the polyvinyl alcohol layer and the tri-acetyl cellulose layer. To provide protection for the iodine layer, an additional polymer layer such as an additional tri-acetyl cellulose layer and a layer of adhesive may be formed on top of the polymer layer. A functional layer such as an antireflection layer may form an outermost layer in the polarizer. Compensation films may be formed beneath the polyvinyl alcohol layer. Additional display layers such as a lower polarizer layer and interposed layers such as a thin-film transistor layer, liquid crystal layer, and color filter layer may be formed below the compensation films.

Abstract translation: 显示器偏振器可以具有聚合物层，例如涂覆有二色性染料如碘的聚乙烯醇层。 可以在聚乙烯醇层上形成聚合物层，例如三乙酰纤维素层，以使碘介于聚乙烯醇层和三乙酰纤维素层之间。 为了提供对碘层的保护，可以在聚合物层的顶部上形成另外的聚合物层，例如另外的三乙酰纤维素层和粘合剂层。 诸如抗反射层的功能层可以在偏振器中形成最外层。 补偿膜可以形成在聚乙烯醇层之下。 可以在补偿膜的下方形成附加的显示层，例如下偏振器层和诸如薄膜晶体管层，液晶层和滤色器层的插入层。

公开(公告)号：US20140085556A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-27

申请号：US13628811

申请日：2012-09-27

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Victor H. Yin ,  Jun Qi ,  Dinesh C. Mathew ,  Shih-Chang Chang ,  Cheng Chen ,  John Z. Zhong ,  Wei Chen ,  Adam T. Garelli ,  Bryan W. Posner ,  Christiaan A. Ligtenberg

IPC: G02F1/136

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/136209 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2001/133541 ,  G02F2001/133562

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display that has a layer of liquid crystal material interposed between a color filter layer and a thin-film-transistor layer. The thin-film-transistor layer may have a substrate with an upper surface and a lower surface. A circular polarizer may be formed on the upper surface. Thin-film transistor circuitry such as gate driver circuitry may be formed on the lower surface. A display driver circuit may be mounted on an inactive border region of the lower surface of the thin-film transistor substrate. Display pixels may form an array in a central active region of the display. A grid of metal gate and data lines may distribute signals from the display driver circuit and gate driver circuitry to the display pixels. A grid of non-reflecting lines may be interposed between the grid of metal lines and the lower surface.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有具有介于滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间的液晶材料层的显示器。 薄膜晶体管层可以具有具有上表面和下表面的基板。 可以在上表面上形成圆偏振器。 诸如栅极驱动器电路的薄膜晶体管电路可以形成在下表面上。 显示驱动器电路可以安装在薄膜晶体管基板的下表面的无效边界区域上。 显示像素可以在显示器的中心活动区域中形成阵列。 金属栅极和数据线的栅格可以将信号从显示驱动器电路和栅极驱动器电路分配到显示像素。 非反射线的网格可以插入金属线格栅和下表面之间。

公开(公告)号：US12079413B2

公开(公告)日：2024-09-03

申请号：US18123185

申请日：2023-03-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Hung Sheng Lin ,  ByoungSuk Kim ,  Jun Qi

IPC: G06F3/041 ,  G06F1/16

CPC classification number: G06F3/0414 ,  G06F1/1616 ,  G06F1/1643 ,  G06F1/1681

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally take the form of an electronic device including a primary and secondary display; at least the secondary display is force-sensitive and further has its force-sensing circuitry in-plane with the display. The secondary display and force-sensing circuitry may be encapsulated between two glass layers that are bonded to one another by a frit. In some embodiments the force-sensing circuitry is formed from, or constitutes part of, the frit.