摘要:
A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. The iron sulfide crystallites have diameters in the nanometer range.
摘要:
A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. The iron oxide and alumina catalyst does not require as much iron content relative to non-gaseous material in the reactor to obtain useable products.
摘要:
A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. The slurry hydrocracking reaction can be controlled by measuring the production of mesophase using X-ray diffraction. Upon a mesophase yield fraction reaching a predetermined level, reaction conditions should be moderated to avoid excessive coke production.
摘要:
A process for removing a metal from a resid feed includes contacting the resid feed comprising the metal with a resid-immiscible ionic liquid to produce a resid and resid-immiscible ionic liquid mixture, and separating the mixture to produce a resid effluent having a reduced metal content relative to the resid feed.
摘要:
A process for removing a refractory nitrogen compound from a hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil feed includes contacting the hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil feed comprising the nitrogen compound with a VGO-immiscible phosphonium ionic liquid to produce a hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil and VGO-immiscible phosphonium ionic liquid mixture, and separating the mixture to produce a hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil effluent having a reduced refractory nitrogen compound content relative to the vacuum gas oil feed.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. The iron oxide in the catalyst converts to catalytically active iron sulfide in the presence of hydrogen and sulfur.
摘要:
A process for removing a metal from a vacuum gas oil feed includes contacting the vacuum gas oil feed comprising the metal with a VGO-immiscible ionic liquid to produce a vacuum gas oil and VGO-immiscible ionic liquid mixture, and separating the mixture to produce a vacuum gas oil effluent having a reduced metal content relative to the vacuum gas oil feed.
摘要:
A process for preparing beads of various compositions has been developed. The process involves preparing a reaction mixture of sources of framework elements of a molecular sieve. The reaction mixture can optionally contain molecular sieve seeds. Additional sources of the framework elements are added to give a concentration above the critical supersaturation limit thereby forming beads. Depending on the composition of the reaction mixture and the reaction conditions one can obtain beads which are substantially amorphous, to beads that are substantially crystalline molecular sieve. These beads in turn can be further processed to deposit a molecular sieve layer onto the beads.
摘要:
A process for preparing a layered composition has been developed. The composition comprises an inner core and an outer layer comprising a molecular sieve. The process involves providing a slurry comprising inner core particles and sources of the framework elements of the molecular sieve. To this slurry there are added nutrient(s), i.e. framework element sources thereby forming crystals of the molecular sieve which agglomerate onto the inner core. The process is carried out for a time sufficient to form a layer of desired thickness.
摘要:
A process for synthesizing a variety of molecular sieves has been developed. The process involves forming a reaction mixture comprising reactive sources of the framework elements plus at least one templating agent, reacting the mixture to at least partially crystallize the molecular sieve and provide a slurry of seed crystals and adding to it nutrients (sources) of the framework elements, e.g. aluminum and silicon in order to grow the seed crystals. The rate of addition of the nutrients is controlled such that it is substantially the same as the crystal growth rate and such that there is substantially no nucleation of new crystals. The seed crystals may be the same or different than the nutrients being added, thus allowing for a layered molecular sieve. When the crystals have reached a desired size, they are isolated by conventional techniques.