摘要:
An air-fuel ratio estimating device can include an amount of fuel injected calculating unit which can estimate the amount of fuel injected GF for each cycle on the basis of a driving time Tout of a fuel injection valve. A proportional constant calculating section determines a proportional constant K, using the estimated charging efficiency CE and the amount of fuel injected Gf, when the output value of a sensor is in a transition region R. When the sensor output value is not in the transition region R, an air-fuel ratio A/F is estimated from the determined proportional constant K, a charging efficiency CE calculated by a calculating section, and the amount of fuel injected Gf.
摘要:
Provided is a read circuit for a semiconductor memory device which may have a reduced circuit scale, and a semiconductor memory device. In a plurality of sense amplifiers of the read circuit of the semiconductor memory device, for serially reading data from a serial output terminal, if a number of byte selectors which may be selected to determine an address at a predetermined time before determination of the address is four, only four sense amplifiers are required in total, and hence the read circuit and the semiconductor memory device are reduced in circuit scale.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a recording head, a main tank, a sub tank, a negative pressure state indicator, a position detector, and a sub tank position indicator. The recording head discharges recording liquid. The main tank supplies the recording liquid. The sub tank is supplied with the recording liquid from the main tank and supplies the recording liquid to the recording head. The negative pressure state indicator is displaced according to a negative pressure state of the sub tank to indicate the negative pressure state of the sub tank. The position detector detects the displacement of the negative pressure state indicator as position information. The sub tank position indicator is detected by the position detector and indicates a position of the sub tank without being displaced according to the negative pressure state of the sub tank.
摘要:
Meal menu data suitable for each patient is created as a combination of a plurality of types of meal according to the symptom, actual condition, or preference and provided to the patient or alliance restaurants. An information processing system for meal management comprises medical institution network servers interconnected through a bidirectional information communication network, restaurant servers, patient data processors, and a center server. The center server includes meal restriction information storage means for storing meal restriction information created according to electronic medical record information on each patient provided from the medical institution network server for each patient ID number, means for creating meal menu information served in the restaurants corresponding to the electronic medical record information or the meal restriction information on the patient according to the meal restriction information for each patient ID number and means for distributing the meal menu information to the restaurant servers and the patient data processors through the bidirectional information communication network.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus of manufacturing an image displaying apparatus having an electron source substrate and a phosphor substrate. The electron source substrate is provided with an electron emitting element formed by covering with a container and by applying a voltage to an electronic conductor on the substrate. While, the phosphor substrate is provided with a phosphor thereon. The substrates are subjected to a getter processing and to a seal bonding process under a vacuum condition through a processing chamber, to complete an image forming apparatus. An improvement resides in miniaturizing and simplifying operation, and in greater manufacture speed and mass production.
摘要:
An aqueous ink composition contains at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of a condensed azo pigment, a condensed polycyclic pigment, a phthalocyanine pigment, and a nickel complex azo pigment, at least an anionic surfactant with ethylene oxide group or a nonionic surfactant with ethylene oxide group as a dispersant, a wetting agent, a penetrating agent, and water, with the ink composition having a surface tension of 20 mN/m or more and less than 35 mN/m. A yellow ink containing at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of C.I. Pigment Yellow 128, C.I. Pigment Yellow 138, C.I. Pigment Yellow 151, C.I. Pigment Yellow 97, and C.I. Pigment Yellow 150, a magenta ink containing at least one pigment of C.I. Pigment Red 122 or C.I. Pigment Violet 19, a cyan ink containing at least one pigment of C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3 or C.I. Pigment Blue 15:4, each color ink further containing a specific anionic surfactant and a water-soluble organic solvent, and a black ink containing C.I. Pigment Black 7 are used together as a set of color ink compositions for ink-jet recording.
摘要:
An ink for ink jet recording and an ink jet recording method which realize an image quality of laser printer on a plain paper in a one-pass printing mode under conditions of a volume of an ink droplet ejected being 5 to 43 Pico liter, a velocity of an ink droplet being 6 to 20 m/sec, frequency of 1 kHz and resolution of 300 dpi or more. The ink for ink jet recording is a penetrating type ink which includes (1) at least one humectant selected from glycerin, 1,3-butandiol, triethyleneglycol, 1,6-hexanediol, propyleneglycol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethyleneglycol, dipropyleneglycol, trimethylolpropane and trimethylolethane, (2) colorant contained in the amount of 6% by weight or more, (3) a polyol having 8 to 11 carbon atoms and glycolether, and an anionic surfactants or non-ionic surfactants, the ink has viscosity of 5 mPa·s or more at 25° C. and a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less.
摘要:
An electron emission device comprises an electron emission electrode with a pointed end and a counter electrode positioned opposite to the pointed end, both formed by fine working of a conductive layer laminated on an insulating substrate.
摘要:
A multi-electron beam source comprises an electron emitting element part including: a plurality of electron emitting elements provided two-dimensionally in a matrix-like arrangement on a substrate; opposing terminals of electron emitting elements arranged adjacently in the column direction thereof being electrically connected to each other; terminals on the same side of all the electron emitting elements in the same row being electrically connected; and the plurality of electron emitting elements being arranged in "m" rows, "m" representing a number of two or more, and a driving circuit part for driving said electron emitting element part. The multi-electron beam source has means for removing a spike noise superposed onto the driving pulse generated by said driving cirucit part.
摘要:
A driving method for an electron beam-generating apparatus having an electron source having a plurality of electron-emitting devices, and a plurality of modulation means for modulating electron beams emitted from the electron source in correspondence with information signals comprises applying a cut-off voltage to a first modulation means adjacent to a second modulation means to which an ON voltage is applied as the information signals in modulation of the electron beam.