摘要:
There is provided an optical amplifier for reducing the optical output power difference and/or obtaining high output power across a wide wavelength band. The optical amplifier comprises a plurality of optical amplifier units connected in two or more stages. At least one of the optical amplifier units comprises a first optical component of a single input and N outputs that has an optical-demultiplexing function, and P units of optical amplification means for the individual amplification of light that is output from P (where 1≦P≦N) output terminals selected from the N (integer) output terminals of the first optical component. Second optical components are provided to the input side of the first optical component or between the output side of the first optical component and the input side of the optical amplification means. The second optical components are optical components having chromatic dispersion compensation functions, optical components having functions designed to compensate for wavelength dependency output power difference, or optical components demonstrating other required effects. The optical components are DCFs, FBGs, SMFs, optical filters, attenuators, or the like. The second optical components are provided nonselectively or selectively.
摘要:
An expansion chamber, and first and second volume chambers on either side of said expansion chamber, are formed inside a muffler housing. Engine exhaust is led by an inlet tube to the first volume chamber, and an opening facing the expansion chamber is formed in an intermediate part of the inlet tube. Exhaust in the second volume chamber is discharged outside by a tail tube, and an opening is formed facing the expansion chamber in an intermediate part of the tail tube. A valve is provided for leading exhaust from the first volume chamber to the second volume chamber according to a pressure difference between the chambers. This forms two exhaust flowpaths. A resonance system with two degrees of freedom is thereby formed with respect to exhaust discharged via the two openings and the expansion chamber, and a high noise silencing efficiency is obtained.
摘要:
When a window lowering switch is operated, a car voltage is supplied to a window lowering relay to drive the window lowering relay, and the window lowering relay is inhibited from being driven by supplying an inverse voltage to a window elevating relay. Thus, there is provided a waterproof power window device in which a window may be opened by operating the window lowering switch (3) even when a car falls in the water and is laid under water.
摘要:
An ion flow recording apparatus performs recording making density modulation every pixel. When developing on a fine grain toner is to be performed using a liquid developer for an electrostatic latent image, a developing unit (developing roller) is disposed to face a direction of gravity. Namely, a control valve is provided on a pipe for application of a developer to the developing roller or on a joint portion between the pipe and a developer tank, developing units of different two colors are joined to their developer tank portions, and a rotary shaft is provided on the joint portion to be positioned at a point of symmetry to provide alternate use of the two developing units upon turning them. Therefore, developing for a plurality of colors can be simply performed, and such turning of the developing units enables prevention of the toner from deposition in the liquid developer during developing, thereby making it possible to perform a clear recording.
摘要:
There is disclosed a hydraulic working oil composition which comprises in the form of a blend, a base oil having a C.sub.A content of at most 5%; 0.01 to 5% by weight of an (A) aminic antioxidant such as 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine; 0.01 to 5% by weight of a (B) phenolic antioxidant such as 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol; 0.01 to 5% by weight of a (C) phosphoric ester such as tricresyl phosphate; and 0.001 to 5% by weight of a (D) fatty acid amide such as isostearic acid triethylenetetramide and/or polyhydric alcohol ester such as sorbitan monooleate each based on the whole amount of the composition.According to the present invention, there is provided the hydraulic working oil composition capable of effectively preventing premature deterioration of the working oil accompanying the trend towards high pressure and the sludge formation therein, being serviceable for a long period of time and at the same time, exhibiting stable working characteristics by eliminating the phenomenon of cylinder waviness, that is, a phenomenon of causing vibration and/or abnormal noise between a cylinder and a piston, between a rod and a (sealing) guide, or the like in a hydraulic working portion of hydraulic machinery.
摘要:
A lead frame for a semiconductor module comprises a lead frame member having first and second islands and including first, second and third groups of outer leads. The first and second groups of outer leads are located in one direction at opposed sides of the lead frame member, and the third group of outer leads are located between the first and second islands in the direction. When the first and second semiconductor chips are mounted on the first and second islands, respectively, and encapsulated separately with a resin layer, the third group of outer leads serve as external leads.
摘要:
A restriction flange is independently formed and then fitted on one end of each cylindrical holder in a sliding universal joint and abuts a rail portion surface of the transmitting groove to prevent inclination of the holder. The rail portion can also be formed independently of the outer member and then fixed thereto by bolting, welding or caulking.
摘要:
A method for extracting and removing water-soluble substances from a non-water-soluble fluid containing water-soluble substances by using water or an aqueous solution as the extractant and bringing the non-water-soluble fluid and the water or aqueous solution into contact with each other by means of filters.
摘要:
A propeller shaft in a motor vehicle includes a plurality of shaft members and a plurality of joints operatively coupled between the shaft members, between the engine of the motor vehicle and one of the shaft members, and between a differential coupled to drive wheels and one of the shaft members. At least one of the joints comprises a slidable tripod joint. The tripod joint gives the propeller shaft a desired torque transmission capability and axial sliding displacements, and enables the propeller shaft to have a practically sufficient service life for high-speed rotation.