摘要:
Disclosed is an optical system that has superior optical characteristic and wear resistance and can be formed at low temperatures. An optical system 101 for adjusting visible light transmittance to have a desired value comprises fluoride 103, and at least part of the optical system has a crystal grain diameter of 3 nm to 10 nm. The fluoride 103 has a specific surface area of 1 m2/g to 5 m2/g.
摘要:
A reflector has a curved part covering the light source and a pair of end parts extending at the two sides of the curved part. The inside surface of each end part has a plurality of substantially parallel projections or depressions. The light-guiding plate has an incident surface and an emission surface substantially perpendicular to the incident surface, the incident surface having a plurality of projections or depressions extending substantially parallel to the emission surface. Also, the reflection surface of the light-guiding plate has projections.
摘要:
A glass substrate package (1) in which a glass substrate (2) is packed and sealed is prepared by folding a film such as a PET film (3) which does not dirty surfaces of the glass substrate (2), inserting the glass substrate (2) into the folded portion of the PET film (3), and heat sealing three sides of the folded portion of the PET film while squeezing the air out of the folded portion so that heat-sealed portions (4) and (5) are formed. The package achieves high efficiency in transportation and storage of glass substrates (specifically, glass substrates to be used for LCDs etc.), and concurrently eliminates the need for a chemical washing process which is carried out after unpacking and before processing of each glass substrate and which uses special detergents.
摘要:
A diamond sintered body tool (20) having superior adhesion resistance, chipping resistance and high strength includes a tool base material (22) including a diamond sintered body, and a surface layer (21) formed on a surface of the tool base material (22). The surface layer (21) includes at least one of silicon, a silicon oxide, a silicon carbide, a silicon nitride and a solid solution thereof. The tool base material (22) has an inner portion (22b) including a first content of an iron group metal, and a surface portion (22a) surrounding the inner portion (22b ) and including a second content of the iron group metal lower than the first content.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display unit in which a voltage is applied to a pixel electrode and a common signal electrode constituted by two upper and lower transparent conductive layers having insulation layers disposed therebetween so that a liquid crystal is driven to control display can improve any one or both of reduction of a writing time of the liquid crystal (reduction of a capacitance between the pixel electrode and the common signal electrode) and reduction of a driving voltage of the liquid crystal. An inter-layer insulation layer between the transparent electrodes formed of different layers is constituted by at least one or a laminated structure of a part of a gate insulation layer, a part of a surface protection layer of a thin film transistor and an applied-type insulation layer and insulation layers in an area which is positioned above the lower transparent electrode.
摘要:
A reflective color liquid crystal display apparatus, which can obtain bright images with a contrast in when viewed from any direction, is provided at a low cost. The reflective color liquid crystal display apparatus has an inside reflector and is able to produce bright images with a high contrast because unnecessary reflecting light from non-aperture portions can be decreased, and its aperture ratio can be determined approximately only by intervals of the reflective layer and intervals between the transparent electrodes. This can be accomplished by removing a reflective layer corresponding to black a matrix layer, adding a black matrix function to a polymer layer having protrusions and depressions under the reflective layer, and making a composition of its element so that a black matrix layer is not formed on the reflective layer, but only color filters are formed.
摘要:
The present invention provides a wavelength division multiplexing filter that requires lower costs, a smaller size, and a smaller amount of fiber routing operations. According to the present invention, a first module constitutes a first filter. A second module constituting a second filter is produced by connecting together circuits identical in number to a plurality of output ports of the first module, the circuits each comprising a combination of directional couplers and Bragg gratings both formed of silica-based-glass waveguides, the circuits each having a wavelength selection characteristic so as to correspond to each of the output ports. The second module is connected to the first module via an 8-fiber ribbon to simplify the integration and connection of the circuits.
摘要:
A reflective liquid crystal display apparatus realizing a bright image display without using a backlight is provided. In this reflective liquid crystal display apparatus, a reflecting electrode having a scattering property and a directional property is manufactured using a small number of steps. A pattern of unevenness, such as a polygonal pattern, a cylindrical pattern, and the like, is formed on an insulating substrate utilizing a material layer formed for composing switching devices. By causing the unevenness of the pattern to influence the surface contour of the reflecting electrodes, it becomes possible to give both a scattering property and a directional property to the surface of the reflecting electrodes.
摘要:
A spiral end mill which can mill a substantially sharp inside corner of a work surface and attain a stable working accuracy for a long time. The spiral end mill has a hard sintered compact insert portion, a negative relief face a first circular land provided along the outer periphery of the insert portion, and a second circular land on the negative relief face so as to be continuous with the first circular land. The widths of the two circular lands may be the same as or different from each other, and the helix angle of a back line of the second circular land is less than that of the first circular land. A method of manufacturing the spiral end mill involves machining a relief angle in the outer periphery of the insert portion while changing the helix angle between the negative relief face and the rest of the outer periphery.
摘要:
Disclosed is a recording system in which an operation performed on the side of a printer unit in order to change over recording density is delayed while a recording operation is in progress. When a recording density changeover command is received during a recording operation, the density changeover is performed after the recording operation ends. A control unit which controls the printer unit is informed of the fact that the measures for changing over the recording density have been completed on the printer unit side.