摘要:
Garbage resulting from the preparation, cooking and dispensing of food and containing water-insoluble organic components is treated first heated in the presence of water at a temperature of 100.degree.-400.degree. C. and a pressure higher than the saturated water vapor pressure to convert at least part of the water-insoluble components into water-soluble organic components and to obtain a mixture containing the water-soluble components dissolved in the water. The mixture is then subjected to methane fermentation to convert the water-soluble organic components into methane.
摘要:
A method forms a resin film on a substrate by depositing droplets of resin liquid by an inkjet method. The method includes: a first resin liquid arrangement step of arranging a plurality of droplets of a first resin liquid separately from each other on a substrate in such a manner that the droplets do not make contact with each other; a first resin liquid curing step of curing at least a surface of each of the droplets of the first resin liquid arranged on the substrate; a second resin liquid arrangement step of arranging a plurality of droplets of a second resin liquid at substantially central positions between the droplets of the first resin liquid on the substrate, after the at least the surface of each of the droplets of the first resin liquid is cured; and a second resin liquid curing step of curing the droplets of the second resin liquid arranged on the substrate.
摘要:
A die for extrusion-forming a honeycomb structure which includes: a die base provided with ceramic puddle introducing holes and slits in communication with the ceramic puddle introducing holes; and a substrate layer, which roughly defines the final width of the slits, and a surface layer, which precisely defines the final width of the slits, formed on the die base in this order so that the final width of the slits becomes 15 to 200 μm, wherein the surface layer is made up of tungsten carbide particles which are 5 μm or less in average particle diameter and contain W3C as a main ingredient. According to this invention, there is provided a die for extrusion-forming a honeycomb structure which can restrain fluctuation in extrusion-forming speed among its parts and resistance to pushing force, both caused at the time of extrusion-forming, to be very small and is superior in productivity and durability.
摘要:
A layer-forming apparatus coats a solution containing a layer component and a flammable solvent on a surface of a base material, and forms a layer on the surface of the base material. In the layer-forming apparatus, a coating chamber in which the solution is coated on the surface of the base material is closed substantially hermetically, and a clean air is supplied from a clean-air supplier to the coating chamber. Then, ions that are produced by a corona discharger are sprayed to the surface of the base material in a state that a vapor concentration of the solvent in the coating chamber is below a burning lower limit, and dusts are removed from the base material. Then, the solution is coated on the surface of the base material from which the dusts are removed.
摘要:
The method of supplying a liquid bonding material includes the steps of: preparing a liquid bonding material containing an insulating solvent and charged particles dispersed in the insulating solvent, the charged particles being constituted by metal particles and an insulating resin material that coats the metal particles and takes charge; and condensing and supplying the liquid bonding material by means of an electrostatic force generated between a supply side and a supply receiving side for the liquid bonding material.
摘要:
A liquid ejection head ejects droplets of solution in which charged particles are dispersed by exerting electrostatic force on the solution. The head includes an insulating ejection substrate including through holes, ejection electrodes arranged to respectively correspond to the through holes, and solution guides that respectively pass through the through holes and protrude from the ejection substrate. Each solution guide includes a support portion of flat-plate shape and a tip end portion of flat-plate shape that is extendingly provided to form a step in a thickness direction in an end portion of the support portion and is thinner than the support portion. An image recording apparatus includes the liquid ejection head and an image corresponding to image data is recorded on a recording medium.
摘要:
A liquid ejection head ejects droplets of solution in which charged particles are dispersed by exerting electrostatic force on the solution. The head includes an insulating ejection substrate including through holes, ejection electrodes arranged to respectively correspond to the through holes, and solution guides that respectively pass through the through holes and protrude from the ejection substrate. Each solution guide includes a support portion of flat-plate shape and a tip end portion of flat-plate shape that is extendingly provided to form a step in a thickness direction in an end portion of the support portion and is thinner than the support portion. An image recording apparatus includes the liquid ejection head and an image corresponding to image data is recorded on a recording medium.
摘要:
A die for extrusion-forming a honeycomb structure which includes: a die base provided with ceramic puddle introducing holes and slits in communication with the ceramic puddle introducing holes; and a substrate layer, which roughly defines the final width of the slits, and a surface layer, which precisely defines the final width of the slits, formed on the die base in this order so that the final width of the slits becomes 15 to 200 μm, wherein the surface layer is made up of tungsten carbide particles which are 5 μm or less in average particle diameter and contain W3C as a main ingredient. According to this invention, there is provided a die for extrusion-forming a honeycomb structure which can restrain fluctuation in extrusion-forming speed among its parts and resistance to pushing force, both caused at the time of extrusion-forming, to be very small and is superior in productivity and durability.
摘要:
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is applied to vehicles equipped with a so-called drive by wire. When one of several control systems within the control apparatus fails, the drive is urged to obtain repairs. Also, even when all of the several control systems of the drive by wire fail and the failures of these control systems cannot be detected, unpredictable motion of the throttle valve can be prevented, thereby enhancing vehicle safety. The present invention includes a plurality of electronic throttle control systems for electrically driving a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine, a failure detecting mechanism for detecting failures of the electronic throttle control systems, intake air volume control mechanism for driving the throttle valve in a closing direction and also supplying a predetermined intake air volume to the internal combustion engine if it is judged that all electronic throttle control systems have failed, and output suppression mechanism for controlling the driving of the throttle valve by a normal electronic throttle control system and also suppressing output of the internal combustion engine corresponding to the operational quantity of the accelerator pedal if the failure determining mechanism determines that one electronic throttle control system among the several electronic throttle control systems has failed.
摘要:
A trans-dihalogenostilbene compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of A.sup.1 to A.sup.4, which are independent from one another, is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms, methyl groups or nitrile groups and in which one or more CH groups may be substituted by nitrogen atoms, and one or more CH.sub.2 groups may be substituted by oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms; each of B.sup.1 and B.sup.2, which are independent from each other, is a 1,4-phenylene group, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms, methyl groups or nitrile groups and in which one or more CH groups may be substituted by nitrogen atoms; each of Y.sup.1 to Y.sup.4, which are independent from one another, is --COO--, --O--, --OCO--, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.dbd.N--, --NO.dbd.N--, --N.dbd.ON--, --C.tbd.C--, --N.dbd.N-- or a single bond; each of X.sup. 1 and X.sup.2, which are independent from each other, is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a trifluoromethyl group; each of m, n, p and q is 0 or 1; and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which are independent from each other, is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, a halogen atom, a nitrile group or an isothiacyanate group, provided that in the case of the alkyl group, an oxygen atom may be interposed in a carbon-carbon bond of the group or in a carbon-carbon bond between this group and the adjacent ring, and in a case where R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is the alkyl group, some of hydrogen atoms in the group may be substituted by fluorine atoms.
摘要翻译:下式的反式二卤代茋化合物:其中彼此独立的A1至A4各自为反式-1,4-亚环己基或1,4-亚苯基,其为 未被取代或被一个或多个卤素原子,甲基或腈基取代,并且其中一个或多个CH基团可以被氮原子取代,并且一个或多个CH 2基团可以被氧原子或硫原子取代; 彼此独立的B1和B2中的每一个是1,4-亚苯基,其未被取代或被一个或多个卤素原子,甲基或腈基取代,并且其中一个或多个CH基团可被取代 通过氮原子; 每个Y 1至Y 4彼此独立地为-COO - , - O - , - OCO - , - CH 2 CH 2 - , - CH 2 - , - CH = CH - , - OCH 2 - , - CH 2 O- = N - , - N = N - , - N = ON-, - C 3BOND C - , - N = N-或单键; X 1和X 2各自独立地为氟原子,氯原子,溴原子或三氟甲基; m,n,p和q各自为0或1; 并且R 1和R 2各自独立地为C1-C10烷基,卤素原子,腈基或异硫氰酸酯基,条件是在烷基的情况下,可以插入氧原子 在该基团的碳 - 碳键或该基团和相邻的环之间的碳 - 碳键中,并且在R 1或R 2为烷基的情况下,该基团中的一些氢原子可被氟原子取代 。