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    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode containing modifiers
    31.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode containing modifiers 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5948564A

    公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

    申请号：US782863

    申请日：1997-01-13

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier chosen from the group consisting of F, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ba, La, Se, Nd, Pr, Y, Co, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sc, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Ru, and Pb. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxymethylcellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading, where each impregnation cycle comprises the steps of: placing the sintered electrode material on a rack; dipping the rack into nickel nitrate; allowing the rack to drip dry; dipping the dried rack into NaOH solution; spraying the rack in a first tank with deionized water overflowing from a second tank; dipping the rack in the second tank filled with deionized water overflowing from a third tank; dipping the rack in the third tank filling with deionized water at a rate of 8-10 gpm; drying the rack; and flipping the rack to attain uniform deposition of material; where in the median dip cycle and in the final dip cycle of the multiple impregnation cycles, the step of dipping the rack into nickel nitrate is replaced by a step of dipping the rack into cobalt nitrate to produce an enriched cobalt surface; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.

    Hydrogen storage alloys having improved cycle life and low temperature operating characteristics
    33.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen storage alloys having improved cycle life and low temperature operating characteristics 有权
    具有改善循环寿命和低温操作特性的储氢合金

    公开(公告)号：US07393500B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-01

    申请号：US10817267

    申请日：2004-04-02

    申请人： Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Kwo Young ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Taihei Ouchi

    发明人： Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Kwo Young ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Taihei Ouchi

    IPC分类号： C22C30/00 ,  H01M4/38

    CPC分类号： H01M4/383 ,  H01M10/345 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： Electrochemical and gas phase hydrogen storage alloy compositions that provide superior performance, especially at low temperature, and excellent cycle life characteristics. The alloys of this invention are AB5 type alloys that include a cycle life enhancement element and a low Co concentration. The preferred cycle life enhancement elements include Zr and Si. The cycle life enhancement elements increase the cycle life of the instant alloys by reducing the pulverization of alloy particles upon repeated cycles of charging-discharging or hydriding-dehydriding. The alloys are characterized by low hysteresis on cycling, where hysteresis is measured in terms of mass concentration difference, a parameter related to the activation energy associated with the incorporation of hydrogen into the alloy. The instant alloys are designed to have a low activation energy for hydrogen incorporation and as a result, provide low hysteresis and a more uniform concentration of absorbed hydrogen within the material. As a result, differential lattice expansion effects associated with the absorption of hydrogen are minimized and the tendency for particle pulverization on cycling is minimized. Alloys having a low Co concentration and long cycle life are thus provided for.

    摘要翻译： 电化学和气相储氢合金组合物，特别是在低温下，具有出色的循环寿命特性。 本发明的合金是包括循环寿命增强元件和低Co浓度的AB 5 N 5型合金。 优选的循环寿命增强元件包括Zr和Si。 循环寿命增强元件通过在重复循环充放电或氢化 - 脱氢处理中减少合金颗粒的粉碎来增加本合金的循环寿命。 合金的特征在于循环时的滞后小，其中以质量浓度差为单位测量滞后，这是参与与将氢结合到合金中的活化能相关的参数。 本发明的合金被设计为具有低的氢引入活化能，因此，提供低滞后和在材料内吸收的氢的更均匀的浓度。 结果，与氢的吸收相关的差异晶格膨胀效应被最小化，并且使循环的颗粒粉碎的趋势最小化。 因此提供具有低Co浓度和长循环寿命的合金。

    Electrochemical hydrogen storage alloys and batteries fabricated from these alloys having significantly improved capacity
    38.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical hydrogen storage alloys and batteries fabricated from these alloys having significantly improved capacity 失效
    由这些合金制造的电化学储氢合金和电池具有显着提高的容量

    公开(公告)号：US5407761A

    公开(公告)日：1995-04-18

    申请号：US136066

    申请日：1993-10-14

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko

    IPC分类号： H01M4/38 ,  H01M10/34

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/383 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： A disordered electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy comprising:(Base Alloy).sub.a Co.sub.b Mn.sub.c Al.sub.d Fe.sub.e Mo.sub.fwhere said Base Alloy comprises 0.1 to 60 atomic percent Ti, 0.1 to 25 atomic percent Zr, 0.1 to 60 atomic percent V, 0.1 to 57 atomic percent Ni, and 0.1 to 56 atomic percent Cr; b is 0 to 7 atomic percent; c is 4.5 to 8.5 atomic percent; d is 0. to 3 atomic percent; e is 0 to 2.5 atomic percent; f is 0 to 6.5 atomic percent; and a+b+c+d+e+f=100 atomic percent.

    摘要翻译： 一种无序的电化学储氢合金，其包含：（基体合金）aCobMncAldFeeM，其中所述基体合金包含0.1至60原子％的Ti，0.1至25原子％的Zr，0.1至60原子％的V，0.1至57原子％的Ni和0.1至56 原子％Cr b为0〜7原子％; c为4.5〜8.5原子％ d为0〜3原子％ e为0〜2.5原子％ f为0〜6.5原子％ 和a + b + c + d + e + f = 100原子％。

    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
    40.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5344728A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-06

    申请号：US975031

    申请日：1992-11-12

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34 ,  H01M4/36 ,  H01M4/48 ,  H01M4/56

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier chosen from the group consisting of F, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ba, Ln, Se, Nd, Pr, Y, Co, Zn, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sc, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Ru, and Pb. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxy methyl cellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading, where each impregnation cycle comprises the steps of: placing the sintered electrode material on a rack; dipping the rack into nickel nitrate; allowing the rack to drip dry; dipping the dried rack into NaOH solution; spraying the rack in a first tank with deionized water overflowing from a second tank; dipping the rack in the second tank filled with deionized water overflowing from a third tank; dipping the rack in the third tank filling with deionized water at a rate of 8-10 gpm; drying the rack; and flipping the rack to attain uniform deposition of material; where in the median dip cycle and in the final dip cycle of the multiple impregnation cycles, the step of dipping the rack into nickel nitrate is replaced by a step of dipping the rack into cobalt nitrate to produce an enriched cobalt surface; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.