Abstract:
In accordance with the invention, there are free-standing ductile composites, liquid dispensing devices, and methods of making free-standing ductile composites, liquid dispensing devices. The method of making a free-standing ductile composite can include providing a substrate and releasably bonding one or more piezoelectric elements to the substrate. The method can also include kerfing the piezoelectric elements in a predetermined pattern to form a kerfed pattern, filling the kerfed pattern with a polymer to form a polymer-piezoelectric composite, and lapping the polymer-piezoelectric composite. The method can further include releasing the polymer-piezoelectric composite from the substrate.
Abstract:
A spectral filter includes a two-dimensional array of Fabry-Perot cavity structures, a controller, and a sampling circuit used to switch the Fabry-Perot cavity. The filter receives an incoming image, the sampling circuit switches the cavity to generate a filter image, and the filtered image is detected by the photodetectors to convert a filtered image into digital data. The controller coordinates all the image capture functions of the spectral filter.
Abstract:
A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based Fabry-Perot array may be used as a spectral filter to light sensing array, such as a CCD or CMOS photodetector. Applying different voltages to the electrodes of individual Fabry-Perot cells within the array allows a gradient in the Fabry-Perot air gap across the Fabry-Perot array. In this manner the MEMS Fabry-Perot array serves as a spectral filter of light passing through the Fabry-Perot array to the photodetector array. Embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light outside the photosensitivity range of a photoreceptor belt, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches placed upon a photoreceptor belt within a marking system. Other embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light of any wavelength, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches placed by a marking system upon a non-photosensitive output substrate, such as an intermediate belt or paper.
Abstract:
An improved waveguide shuttle optical switch design which provides the function of a variable optical attenuator (VOA). A small degree of intentional misalignment of the waveguide will create different levels of optical attenuation. By finely controlling the misalignment of a selected switched position, a single device may be realized that will provide the functions of both switching and attenuating or just attenuation alone. The optical MEMS device utilizes a latching mechanism in association with a thermal drive actuator for aligning a waveguide shuttle platform. The integration of the switching function and the VOA function reduce the optical loss which is otherwise unavoidable when the inevitable alternative of a separate switch and a separate VOA must necessarily be employed. The resultant improved device can also be applied for correcting the difference in optical intensity created by the manufacturing tolerances inherent in the fabrication of array waveguide gratings.
Abstract:
A optical apparatus may include a plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities and a controller. The plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities receives an incoming image. The controller controls a group of adjacent Fabry-Perot cavities of the plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities to sample spectral information from a pixel of the incoming image. The group may be designated to the pixel. Sizes of the cavities within the group may differ from one another. The sizes of the cavities within the group may be fixed during the spectral information synthesis operation.
Abstract:
A spectral filter includes a two-dimensional array of Fabry-Perot cavity structures, a controller, and a sampling circuit used to switch the Fabry-Perot cavity. The filter receives an incoming image, the sampling circuit switches the cavity to generate a filter image, and the filtered image is detected by the photodetectors to convert a filtered image into digital data. The controller coordinates all the image captures functions of the spectral filter.
Abstract:
A method for forming a gap (16) of a width (d) which meets selected tolerance limits includes forming sidewalls (80, 82) in a microstructure, the sidewalls defining a gap (16) therebetween. The gap has a width defined between the sidewalls. The width of the gap between the sidewalls is determined. Where the determined width of the gap is below the selected tolerance limits for the width of the gap, the sidewalls are consumed to form a gap which meets the selected tolerance limits. The gap may be incorporated in a waveguide device (10) of a microswitch (100) and selectively connect input and output waveguides (130, 132).
Abstract:
An ink set for reducing intercolor bleed and a multi-colored ink jet printing process utilizing the same is provided. The ink set comprises a black ink composition and a plurality of color ink jet ink compositions comprising a colorant and an ink vehicle. The ink vehicle of at least one of the color inks matches the ink vehicle of the black ink. An ink set may also be a hybrid ink set comprising a black/color ink subset that includes a black ink composition and at least one color ink composition, and a color/color ink subset that includes a plurality of color ink compositions, wherein the ink vehicle of the color ink composition(s) in the black/color ink subset matches the ink vehicle of the black ink composition and the ink vehicles of at least one of the color inks in the color/color subsets match the ink vehicle of another color ink in the color/color ink subset.
Abstract:
An optical micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) switch is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment the optical MEMS switch is used as an M×N optical signal switching system. The optical MEMS switch comprises a plurality of optical waveguides formed on a shuttle for switching optical states wherein the state of the optical switch is changed by a system of drive and latch actuators. The optical MEMS switch utilizes a latching mechanism in association with a thermal drive actuator for aligning the waveguide shuttle. In use the optical MEMS switch may be integrated with other optical components to form planar light circuits (PLCs). When switches and PLCs are integrated together on a silicon chip, compact higher functionality devices, such as Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers (ROADMs), may be fabricated.
Abstract:
An electrophoretic display liquid composition for use in an electrophoretic display device that has a multiplicity of individual reservoirs, each containing the display liquid of two sets of particles dispersed in a transparent liquid system as well as at least one charge director dissolved or dispersed in the liquid system, or physically embedded on the surface of the particles or chemically bonded on the surface of the surface of the particles, the two sets of particles exhibiting different, contrasting color and different charging properties from each other. The charge director(s) is preferably a metal salicylate compound. The particles may be modified with charge controlling agents, and may also include a set of magnetic particles. The transparent liquid system may include two immiscible liquids having different densities with the sets of particles having densities in between the densities of the two immiscible liquids such that the particles rest at an interface between the two immiscible liquids.