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公开(公告)号：US20120052408A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-01
申请号：US12868487
申请日：2010-08-25
CPC分类号： H01M8/04992 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04402 , H01M8/04462 , H01M8/04746 , H01M8/04791
摘要： A system and method for correcting an estimation of nitrogen in an anode side of a fuel cell stack. The system includes a fuel cell stack and a pressure sensor for measuring pressure in an anode sub-system. The system also includes a controller configured to control the estimation of nitrogen permeation from the cathode side to the anode side of the stack, where the controller determines if the pressure in the anode sub-system equilibrates with atmospheric pressure in a shorter period of time after shutdown compared to the time necessary for the anode sub-system to reach approximately atmospheric pressure after a previous shutdown or calibrated time value, and corrects the estimation of nitrogen in the anode side of the stack if the pressure equilibrates in a shorter period of time.
摘要翻译： 一种用于校正燃料电池堆的阳极侧的氮的估计的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于测量阳极子系统中的压力的燃料电池堆和压力传感器。 该系统还包括控制器，其被配置为控制从堆的阴极侧到阳极侧的氮气渗透的估计，其中控制器确定阳极子系统中的压力是否在大气压力之后在更短的时间段内平衡 与阳极子系统在先前停机或校准时间值之后达到大致压力所需的时间相比，如果压力在更短的时间内平衡，则校正堆叠阳极侧的氮气的估计。
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公开(公告)号：US07976991B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-12
申请号：US11130825
申请日：2005-05-17
CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04253 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A model uses various operating characteristics of a fuel cell to predict the relative humidity profile that is occurring within the fuel cell as a function of the reaction progress. The model is used to predict the relative humidity profile that will occur in response to changes to one or more of the operating characteristics of the fuel cell. A high frequency resistance of the fuel cell can also be used as a measure that is indicative of the humidity within the fuel cell. The model and/or the high frequency resistance can be used in a closed-loop feedback system to control the operation of the fuel cell to maintain the humidification of the MEA and fuel cells within a desired range to achieve a desired fuel cell performance.
摘要翻译： 模型使用燃料电池的各种操作特性来预测在燃料电池内发生的相对湿度分布作为反应进程的函数。 该模型用于预测响应于燃料电池的一个或多个操作特性的变化而发生的相对湿度分布。 燃料电池的高频电阻也可以用作指示燃料电池内的湿度的措施。 该模型和/或高频阻抗可以用在闭环反馈系统中以控制燃料电池的操作，以将MEA和燃料电池的加湿保持在期望的范围内，以实现期望的燃料电池性能。
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33.发明授权Carbon monoxide adsorption for carbon monoxide clean-up in a fuel cell system 有权一氧化碳吸附一氧化碳在燃料电池系统中的清理公开(公告)号：US06964692B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-15
申请号：US09780184
申请日：2001-02-09
IPC分类号： B01D53/04 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/06 , B01J20/18 , B01J20/20 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/56 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/10 , C10K3/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/06 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/261 , B01D2253/102 , B01D2253/104 , B01D2253/106 , B01D2253/108 , B01D2253/1124 , B01D2253/25 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2257/502 , B01D2257/80 , B01D2258/0208 , B01D2259/40001 , B01D2259/40052 , B01D2259/40056 , B01D2259/40081 , B01D2259/4145 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/146 , H01M8/0662
摘要： An apparatus removes carbon monoxide (CO) from a hydrogen-rich gas stream in a hydrogen fuel cell system. CO fouls costly catalytic particles in the membrane electrode assemblies of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. A vessel houses a carbon monoxide adsorbent. The vessel may be a rotating pressure swing adsorber. A water gas shift reactor is upstream of the rotating pressure swing adsorber. The water gas shift reactor may include a second adsorbent adapted to adsorb carbon monoxide at low temperatures and to desorb carbon monoxide at high temperatures. The apparatus advantageously eliminates the use of a preferential oxidation (PROX) reactor, by providing an apparatus which incorporates CO adsorption in the place of the PROX reactor. This cleans up carbon monoxide without hydrogen consumption and the concomitant, undesirable excess low grade heat generation. The present invention reduces start-up duration, and improves overall fuel processor efficiency during normal operation.
摘要翻译： 装置从氢燃料电池系统中的富氢气流中去除一氧化碳（CO）。 CO在质子交换膜（PEM）燃料电池的膜电极组件中产生昂贵的催化颗粒。 船只装有一氧化碳吸附剂。 容器可以是旋转的变压吸附器。 水煤气变换反应器位于旋转变压吸附器的上游。 水煤气变换反应器可以包括适于在低温下吸附一氧化碳并在高温下解吸一氧化碳的第二吸附剂。 该设备有利地消除了优先氧化（PROX）反应器的使用，通过提供一种在COX反应器的位置引入CO吸附的装置。 这样可以清除一氧化碳，而不会产生氢气消耗，同时伴随着不希望有的过剩低级发热。 本发明减少启动持续时间，并且在正常操作期间提高总体燃料处理器效率。
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34.发明授权Method for quick start-up of a fuel processing system using controlled staged oxidation 失效使用受控分级氧化快速启动燃料处理系统的方法公开(公告)号：US06846585B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10093560
申请日：2002-03-08
申请人： Gary M. Robb , William H. Pettit
发明人： Gary M. Robb , William H. Pettit
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , B01J19/0013 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2219/00191 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1619 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0612 , Y02P20/128
摘要： The present invention relates to controlled staged rich combustion throughout a fuel processing system in order to improve start up performance. Multiple stages of air injection are used to burn rich combustion products within each component to provide direct heating thereof. During the start up cycle, the fluid temperature entering each reactor is increased and each component is heated to its operating temperature in parallel. The controlled staged rich combustion eliminates the load imposed upon a combustor within the system during the start up cycle. Thus, each of the components within the fuel processing system may be optimized for an operational mode rather than a start up mode.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及整个燃料处理系统中的控制分级富燃烧，以提高启动性能。 使用空气喷射的多个阶段来燃烧每个组件内的富燃烧产物以提供它们的直接加热。 在启动循环期间，进入每个反应器的流体温度升高，并且每个组件被平行加热到其工作温度。 控制分级的丰富燃烧消除了在启动循环期间施加在系统内的燃烧器的负载。 因此，燃料处理系统中的每个组件可以针对操作模式而不是启动模式进行优化。
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35.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06838200B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-04
申请号：US10055101
申请日：2002-01-22
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1609 , C01B2203/1628 , C01B2203/1685 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/1695 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2483 , Y02P20/128
摘要： A fuel processor system capable of circulating fuel processor system gases, such as reformate, anode exhaust, and/or combustor exhaust, through the fuel processor to provide a number of distinct advantages. The fuel processor system having a plurality of fuel cells discharging an H2-containing anode effluent and an O2-containing cathode effluent. A fuel processor is also provided for converting a hydrogen-containing fuel to H2-containing reformate for fueling the plurality of fuel cells. A catalytic combustor is positioned in series downstream from the plurality of fuel cells and a vaporizer reactor is coupled to the catalytic combustor. A bypass passage is finally provided that interconnects an outlet of at least one of the group consisting of the fuel processor, the plurality of fuel cells, the catalytic combustor, and the vaporizer reactor to the inlet of the fuel processor. The bypass passage is operable to circulate a fuel processor system gas to the inlet of the fuel processor.
摘要翻译： 一种燃料处理器系统，其能够通过燃料处理器循环燃料处理器系统气体，例如重整产物，阳极排气和/或燃烧器排气，以提供许多明显的优点。 燃料处理器系统具有排出含H2阳极流出物和含O2阴极流出物的多个燃料电池。 还提供了一种燃料处理器，用于将含氢燃料转化为含H 2的重整油，用于燃料化多个燃料电池。 催化燃烧器位于多个燃料电池的下游并且蒸发器反应器与催化燃烧器相连。 最后提供旁路通道，其将由燃料处理器，多个燃料电池，催化燃烧器和蒸发器反应器组成的组中的至少一个的出口互连到燃料处理器的入口。 旁通通道可操作以将燃料处理器系统气体循环到燃料处理器的入口。
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公开(公告)号：US06838062B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-04
申请号：US09992171
申请日：2001-11-19
申请人： Steven G. Goebel , William H. Pettit , Steven D. Burch , Paul T. Yu , Yan Zhang , Michael D. Cartwright
发明人： Steven G. Goebel , William H. Pettit , Steven D. Burch , Paul T. Yu , Yan Zhang , Michael D. Cartwright
IPC分类号： B01B1/00 , B01J8/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J12/00 , B01J15/00 , B01J19/00 , C01B3/48 , F28C3/08 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , B01B1/005 , B01J8/001 , B01J8/0221 , B01J8/0285 , B01J12/007 , B01J15/005 , B01J19/0013 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/00168 , B01J2208/00362 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00076 , B01J2219/00123 , B01J2219/00157 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0455 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1619 , C01B2203/169 , F28C3/08 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04373 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04776 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/24 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , Y02P20/128
摘要： A fuel processor for rapid start and operational control. The fuel processor includes a reformer, a shift reactor, and a preferential oxidation reactor for deriving hydrogen for use in creating electricity in a plurality of H2—O2 fuel cells. A heating and cooling mechanism is coupled to at least the shift reactor for controlling the critical temperature operation of the shift reactor without the need for a separate cooling loop. This heating and cooling mechanism produces or removes thermal energy as a product of the temperature of the combustion of air and fuel. Anode effluent and cathode effluent or air are used to control the temperature output of the heating mechanism. A vaporizer is provided that heats the PrOx reactor to operating temperature.
摘要翻译： 用于快速启动和运行控制的燃油处理器。 燃料处理器包括重整器，换档反应器和用于在多个H 2 -O 2燃料电池中用于产生电力的氢气的优先氧化反应器。 加热和冷却机构至少连接到变换反应器，用于控制变换反应器的临界温度操作，而不需要单独的冷却回路。 该加热和冷却机构产生或去除作为空气和燃料燃烧温度的乘积的热能。 使用阳极流出物和阴极流出物或空气来控制加热机构的温度输出。 提供蒸发器，其将PrOx反应器加热至工作温度。
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公开(公告)号：US06805721B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-19
申请号：US10044130
申请日：2002-01-10
IPC分类号： B01F302
CPC分类号： B01J19/0006 , B01J12/007 , B01J2219/00006 , B01J2219/00159 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/00 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1614 , C01B2203/1628 , C01B2203/1685 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0662 , Y02P20/128
摘要： An improved fuel processor thermal management system for use with a fuel cell is disclosed. The process includes supplying an air stream and a fuel stream into a auto thermal reactor (ATR) and forming reformate gas therein. Then, preferentially oxidizing the reformate gas and the air stream in the preferential oxidizer reactor (PrOx). The temperature of the preferential oxidizer reaction is controlled with a water stream by vaporizing the water stream to form a first portion of vaporized water. Then, reacting the air stream with the reformate gas exiting the PrOx is reached in a fuel cell to form an anode exhaust stream which is subsequently combined with the air stream to heat the water stream to form a second portion of vaporized water. The first portion of vaporized water and the second portion of vaporized water form a steam fluid. The steam fluid heats the auto thermal reactor and the air stream prior to entering the ATR and the reformate gas prior to entering the water shift gas reactor (WGS) to control the temperature of the reformate gas.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种与燃料电池一起使用的改进的燃料处理器热管理系统。 该方法包括将空气流和燃料流供应到自动热反应器（ATR）中并在其中形成重整气体。 然后优先氧化优先氧化反应器（PrOx）中的重整气体和空气流。 优先氧化反应的温度由水流控制，通过汽化水流形成蒸发水的第一部分。 然后，在燃料电池中使空气流与离开PrOx的重整气体反应形成阳极排气流，随后与空气流合并以加热水流以形成蒸发水的第二部分。 汽化水的第一部分和汽化水的第二部分形成蒸汽流体。 在进入换热气体反应器（WGS）之前，蒸汽流体在进入ATR和重整气体之前加热自动热反应器和空气流，以控制重整气体的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US06783879B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US10044335
申请日：2002-01-11
申请人： Glenn W. Skala , Gerald Voecks , William H. Pettit
发明人： Glenn W. Skala , Gerald Voecks , William H. Pettit
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225
摘要： A fuel processor control system for a fuel cell stack includes water and fuel metering devices that control water and fuel provided to the fuel processor. An air flow rate sensor generates an air flow rate signal based on air flowing from a compressor to the fuel processor. A valve is located between the fuel processor and the fuel cell stack. A controller controls the valve and the water and fuel metering devices based on the air flow rate sensor. Other feedback signals such as stack voltage, stack cell voltage variation, pressure differential across the valve, and mass flow rate between the valve and the fuel cell stack can augment or be substituted for the air flow rate feedback signal. The fuel processor can be a partial oxidation reformer a steam reforming reactor, an auto thermal reformer or any combination thereof. The system may also include a water as shift reactor and a preferential oxidation reactor for carbon monoxide reduction.
摘要翻译： 用于燃料电池堆的燃料处理器控制系统包括控制供应给燃料处理器的水和燃料的水和燃料计量装置。 空气流量传感器基于从压缩机流向燃料处理器的空气产生空气流量信号。 阀位于燃料处理器和燃料电池堆之间。 控制器基于空气流量传感器控制阀和水和燃料计量装置。 诸如堆叠电压，堆叠电池电压变化，阀门两端的压差以及阀门和燃料电池堆之间的质量流量之类的其它反馈信号可以增加或替代空气流量反馈信号。 燃料处理器可以是部分氧化重整器，蒸汽重整反应器，自动热重整器或其任何组合。 该系统还可以包括作为转化反应器的水和用于一氧化碳还原的优先氧化反应器。
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公开(公告)号：US08507141B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US12868487
申请日：2010-08-25
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04992 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04402 , H01M8/04462 , H01M8/04746 , H01M8/04791
摘要： A system and method for correcting an estimation of nitrogen in an anode side of a fuel cell stack. The system includes a fuel cell stack and a pressure sensor for measuring pressure in an anode sub-system. The system also includes a controller configured to control the estimation of nitrogen permeation from the cathode side to the anode side of the stack, where the controller determines if the pressure in the anode sub-system equilibrates with atmospheric pressure in a shorter period of time after shutdown compared to the time necessary for the anode sub-system to reach approximately atmospheric pressure after a previous shutdown or calibrated time value, and corrects the estimation of nitrogen in the anode side of the stack if the pressure equilibrates in a shorter period of time.
摘要翻译： 一种用于校正燃料电池堆的阳极侧的氮的估计的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于测量阳极子系统中的压力的燃料电池堆和压力传感器。 该系统还包括控制器，其被配置为控制从堆的阴极侧到阳极侧的氮气渗透的估计，其中控制器确定阳极子系统中的压力是否在大气压力之后在更短的时间段内平衡 与阳极子系统在先前停机或校准时间值之后达到大致压力所需的时间相比，如果压力在更短的时间内平衡，则校正堆叠阳极侧的氮气的估计。
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公开(公告)号：US08431278B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-30
申请号：US12701864
申请日：2010-02-08
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/04149 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32 , Y10T137/3021 , Y10T137/3028 , Y10T137/4238
摘要： A passive water drain for removal of water from a fuel cell system is disclosed, the drain including a main body having a cavity formed therein, an interior element, and a hydrophilic porous media. The passive water drain is adapted to simplify the anode reactant recycler, eliminate the need for bypass valve systems used to remove water from the cathode exhaust, and eliminate the need for condensate draining systems used for compressed air entering the cathode.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从燃料电池系统去除水的被动排水口，排水口包括其中形成有空腔的主体，内部元件和亲水性多孔介质。 被动排水装置适用于简化阳极反应物再循环器，不需要用于从阴极排气口移除水的旁路阀系统，并且不需要用于进入阴极的压缩空气的冷凝水排放系统。
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