Methods of fabrication of ceramic wafers
    32.
    发明授权
    Methods of fabrication of ceramic wafers 失效
    陶瓷晶片的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US06280662B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-08-28

    申请号:US08474566

    申请日:1995-06-07

    IPC分类号: B29C6724

    摘要: Ceramic powder (50) may be disposed within a flexible mold (30 and 130) to form a dense ceramic wafer (60) by hydrostatic pressing. The ceramic powder (50) may include various types of pyroelectric material or bolometric material. One or more substrates (20 and 24) may be disposed within the flexible mold (30 and 130) to form the desired dense ceramic wafer (60). The flexible mold (30 and 130) may be placed in one or more vacuum sealed bags (38) prior to hydrostatic pressing. Also, a vibration table (70) may be used to minimize any void spaces in the ceramic powder (50) prior to hydrostatic pressing.

    摘要翻译: 陶瓷粉末(50)可以设置在柔性模具(30和130)内,以通过静水压力形成致密的陶瓷晶片(60)。 陶瓷粉末(50)可以包括各种类型的热电材料或者辐射材料。 一个或多个基材(20和24)可以设置在柔性模具(30和130)内以形成所需的致密陶瓷晶片(60)。 柔性模具(30和130)可以在静液压之前被放置在一个或多个真空密封袋(38)中。 此外,振动台(70)可以用于在静液压之前使陶瓷粉末(50)中的任何空隙空间最小化。

    Microbolometer cell structure
    33.
    发明授权
    Microbolometer cell structure 失效
    微热电池单元结构

    公开(公告)号:US5834776A

    公开(公告)日:1998-11-10

    申请号:US767049

    申请日:1996-12-12

    IPC分类号: G01J5/20 G01J5/34

    CPC分类号: G01J5/20 G01J5/34

    摘要: A pyroelectric detector system and the pyroelectric detector element therefor having an integrated circuit (1) and a pyroelectric detector element (7) coupled to the integrated circuit and thermally isolated from the integrated circuit. The element includes a lead-containing pyroelectric layer having a pair of opposing surfaces and having a thickness to provide a resonant cavity for radiations in a predetermined frequency range. A bottom electrode (5) opaque to radiations in the predetermined frequency range is secured to one of the pair of opposing surfaces and a top electrode (9, 11) is secured to the other of the pair of opposing surfaces which is semi-transparent to radiations in the predetermined frequency range. The top electrode is taken from the group consisting of platinum and nichrome. The lead-containing pyroelectric layer is preferably lead titanate.

    摘要翻译: 热电探测器系统及其热电检测器元件具有集成电路(1)和耦合到集成电路并与集成电路热隔离的热电检测器元件(7)。 元件包括含铅的热电层,其具有一对相对的表面,并且具有厚度以提供用于在预定频率范围内的辐射的谐振腔。 在预定频率范围内对辐射不透明的底部电极(5)固定到一对相对表面中的一个,并且顶部电极(9,11)固定到一对相对表面中的另一个,其是半透明的 在预定频率范围内的辐射。 顶部电极取自铂和镍铬合金组。 含铅的热电层优选为钛酸铅。

    Infrared detector thermal isolation structure and method
    34.
    发明授权
    Infrared detector thermal isolation structure and method 失效
    红外探测器热隔离结构及方法

    公开(公告)号:US5426304A

    公开(公告)日:1995-06-20

    申请号:US182865

    申请日:1994-01-13

    CPC分类号: H01L37/02

    摘要: In an exemplary thermal imaging system (20, 120, 220 and 320), a thermal isolation structure (50 and 150) is disposed on an integrated circuit substrate (70 and 170) for electrically connecting and mechanically bonding a corresponding focal plane array (30, 130, and 230) of thermal sensors (40, 140, and 240). Each mesa-type structure (52, 54 and 152) includes at least one mesa conductor (56, 58, 156 and 158) that extends from the top of the mesa-type structure (52, 54 and 152) to an adjacent contact pad (72 and 74). The mesa conductors (56, 58, 156 and 158) provide both biasing voltage (V.sub.B) for the respective thermal sensor (40 and 240) and a signal flowpath (V.sub.s) for the respective thermal sensor (40 and 240). The mesa conductors (56, 58, 156 and 158) may be used to provide biasing voltage (V.sub.B) to either a single ferroelectric element (242 and 243) having a void space (277 and 279) or a pair of ferroelectric elements (42 and 44). When the focal plane array (30, 130 and 230) is bonded to the corresponding array of mesa-type structures (52, 54 and 152), a thermally isolated, but electrically conductive path is provided between electrodes (43 and 45) of the thermal sensor (40 and 240) and the corresponding contact pad (72 and 172) of the integrated circuit substrate (70 and 74).

    摘要翻译: 在示例性热成像系统(20,120,220和320)中,热隔离结构(50和150)设置在集成电路衬底(70和170)上,用于电连接和机械地结合相应的焦平面阵列(30 ,130和230)热传感器(40,140和240)。 每个台面型结构(52,54和152)包括从台面型结构(52,54和152)的顶部延伸到相邻接触垫的至少一个台面导体(56,58,156和158) (72和74)。 台面导体(56,58,156和158)为相应的热传感器(40和240)提供偏压(VB)和相应的热传感器(40和240)的信号流路(Vs)。 台面导体(56,58,156和158)可用于向具有空隙空间(277和279)或一对铁电元件(42)的单个铁电元件(242和243)提供偏置电压(VB) 和44)。 当焦平面阵列(30,130和230)被结合到相应的台面型结构(52,54和152)阵列时,热隔离但是导电的路径被提供在电极(43和45)之间 热传感器(40和240)以及集成电路基板(70和74)的相应接触焊盘(72和172)。

    Thermal detector with stress-aligned thermally sensitive element and
method
    36.
    发明授权
    Thermal detector with stress-aligned thermally sensitive element and method 失效
    具有应力对准热敏元件和方法的热探测器

    公开(公告)号:US6020216A

    公开(公告)日:2000-02-01

    申请号:US920261

    申请日:1997-08-22

    IPC分类号: H01L27/146 H01L31/09

    CPC分类号: H01L27/1465

    摘要: Method of stress-aligning a thermally sensitive element may comprise the step of forming a thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80). The thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80) may be crystallized. A stress alignment layer (82) may be formed in communication with the thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80). The thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80) may be heated above a transition temperature of the thermally sensitive material. The stress alignment layer (82) may be expanded relative to the thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80). The thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80) may be cooled below the transition temperature of the thermally sensitive material. The stress alignment layer (82) may be compressed relative to the thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80) as the thin film layer of thermally sensitive material (80) cools below the transition temperature to preferentially-order crystals of the thermally sensitive material.

    摘要翻译: 应力对准热敏元件的方法可包括形成热敏材料薄膜层(80)的步骤。 热敏材料(80)的薄膜层可以结晶。 可以形成与热敏材料(80)的薄膜层连通的应力取向层(82)。 可以将热敏材料(80)的薄膜层加热到热敏材料的转变温度以上。 应力取向层(82)可以相对于热敏材料(80)的薄膜层膨胀。 热敏材料(80)的薄膜层可以被冷却到热敏材料的转变温度以下。 当热敏材料(80)的薄膜层冷却到转变温度以下时,应力取向层(82)可相对于热敏材料(80)的薄膜层被压缩以优先排列热敏材料的晶体 。

    Thermal detector with preferentially-ordered thermally sensitive element
and method
    37.
    发明授权
    Thermal detector with preferentially-ordered thermally sensitive element and method 失效
    具有优先有序热敏元件和方法的热探测器

    公开(公告)号:US5990481A

    公开(公告)日:1999-11-23

    申请号:US919821

    申请日:1997-08-28

    申请人: Howard R. Beratan

    发明人: Howard R. Beratan

    IPC分类号: G01J5/34 G01J5/10

    CPC分类号: G01J5/34

    摘要: Thermal sensor (36) mounted to a substrate (34). The thermal sensor (36) may include a thermally sensitive element (50), a first thin film electrode (52) and a second thin film electrode (54). The thermally sensitive element (50) may comprise a plurality of preferentially-ordered crystals. The first thin film electrode (52) may be disposed adjacent to the thermally sensitive element (50). The second thin film electrode (54) may be disposed adjacent to the thermally sensitive element (50) opposite the first thin film electrode (52).

    摘要翻译: 安装到基板(34)上的热传感器(36)。 热传感器(36)可以包括热敏元件(50),第一薄膜电极(52)和第二薄膜电极(54)。 热敏元件(50)可以包括多个优先有序的晶体。 第一薄膜电极(52)可以邻近热敏元件(50)设置。 第二薄膜电极(54)可以邻近与第一薄膜电极(52)相对的热敏元件(50)设置。

    Method of minimizing surface effects in thin ferroelectrics
    38.
    发明授权
    Method of minimizing surface effects in thin ferroelectrics 失效
    薄铁电体表面效应最小化的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5705041A

    公开(公告)日:1998-01-06

    申请号:US225601

    申请日:1994-04-07

    IPC分类号: C23C14/02 H01L37/02 C23L14/00

    CPC分类号: H01L37/02 C23C14/021

    摘要: A method of improving the responsivity of a pyroelectric device including providing a pyroelectric element of less than maximum theoretical density having holes therein extending to a surface of the element and having contaminants at the surface (22), cleaning the contaminants from the surface and metallizing the surface prior to contaminant reformation on the surface. The pyroelectric element is preferably a ferroelectric element and preferably barium strontium titanate. The step of cleaning can be by oxygen plasma, acid etch or a combination thereof. When the combination of cleaning steps is used, the step of cleaning comprises etching the surface and then oxygen cleaning the surface.

    摘要翻译: 一种提高热电装置的响应度的方法,包括提供小于最大理论密度的热电元件,其中具有孔,其中延伸到元件的表面并在表面(22)处具有污染物,从表面清洁污染物并金属化 表面污染物重新形成前的表面。 热电元件优选为铁电元件,优选为钛酸钡锶。 清洁的步骤可以是氧等离子体,酸蚀刻或其组合。 当使用清洁步骤的组合时,清洁步骤包括蚀刻表面,然后对表面进行氧气清洁。

    Method of fabricating a focal plane array for hybrid thermal imaging
system
    39.
    发明授权
    Method of fabricating a focal plane array for hybrid thermal imaging system 失效
    制造用于混合热成像系统的焦平面阵列的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5644838A

    公开(公告)日:1997-07-08

    申请号:US368066

    申请日:1995-01-03

    申请人: Howard R. Beratan

    发明人: Howard R. Beratan

    摘要: A hybrid thermal imaging system (20, 120) often includes a focal plane array (30, 130), a thermal isolation structure (50, 150) and an integrated circuit substrate (60, 160). The focal plane array (30, 130) includes thermal sensitive elements (42, 142) formed from a pyroelectric film layer (82), such as barium strontium titanate (BST). One side of the thermal sensitive elements (42, 142) may be coupled to a contact pad (62, 162) disposed on the integrated circuit substrate (60, 160) through a mesa strip conductor (56, 150) of the thermal isolation structure (50, 150). The other side of the thermal sensitive elements (42, 142) may be coupled to an electrode (36, 136). The various components of the focal plane array (30, 130) may be fabricated from multiple heterogenous layers (74, 34, 36, 82, 84) formed on a carrier substrate (70).

    摘要翻译: 混合热成像系统(20,120)通常包括焦平面阵列(30,130),热隔离结构(50,150)和集成电路基板(60,160)。 焦平面阵列(30,130)包括由热电膜层(82)形成的热敏元件(42,142),例如钛酸锶钡(BST)。 热敏元件(42,142)的一侧可以通过隔热结构的台面导体(56,150)耦合到设置在集成电路基板(60,160)上的接触焊盘(62,162) (50,150)。 热敏元件(42,142)的另一侧可以耦合到电极(36,136)。 焦平面阵列(30,130)的各种部件可以由形成在载体基板(70)上的多个非均匀层(74,34,36,82,84)制成。

    Defective pixel signal substitution in thermal imaging systems
    40.
    发明授权
    Defective pixel signal substitution in thermal imaging systems 失效
    热成像系统中的像素信号替代不良

    公开(公告)号:US5532484A

    公开(公告)日:1996-07-02

    申请号:US304001

    申请日:1994-09-09

    CPC分类号: H04N5/367 H04N5/33

    摘要: Thermal imaging system (10) includes a focal plane array (18) having pixels (20). Signals produced by pixels (20) are addressed by integrated circuit substrate (22) and passed to video processor (24). Video processor (24) includes, among other modules, a detection and substitution module (28) that detects defective pixels (21) and substitutes the signals produced by defective pixels (21). The detection and substitution of signals produced by defective pixels (21) may be performed while viewing the thermal scene (12) or while stimulating pixels (20) with a stimulus. A thermal stimulus may be generated by a thermoelectric cooler (50) thermally coupled to integrated circuit substrate (22) and focal plane array (18). An electrical stimulus to identify defective pixels (21) may also be delivered to pixels (20) of focal plane array (18).

    摘要翻译: 热成像系统(10)包括具有像素(20)的焦平面阵列(18)。 由像素(20)产生的信号由集成电路基板(22)寻址并传递到视频处理器(24)。 除了其他模块之外,视频处理器(24)还包括检测和替换由缺陷像素(21)产生的信号的检测和替代模块(28)。 可以在观看热场景(12)的同时或在刺激像素(20)的同时执行由缺陷像素(21)产生的信号的检测和替换。 可以由热耦合到集成电路基板(22)和焦平面阵列(18)的热电冷却器(50)产生热刺激。 用于识别缺陷像素(21)的电刺激也可以被传送到焦平面阵列(18)的像素(20)。