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    Dehydrogenation reaction utilizing mobile atom transmissive membrane
    31.
    发明授权
    Dehydrogenation reaction utilizing mobile atom transmissive membrane 失效
    使用移动原子透射膜的脱氢反应

    公开(公告)号：US5141604A

    公开(公告)日：1992-08-25

    申请号：US447596

    申请日：1989-12-08

    Applicant: William M. Ayers

    Inventor： William M. Ayers

    IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B6/00 ,  C01B15/029 ,  C01B21/16 ,  C01C1/04 ,  C07C29/15 ,  C07C45/00 ,  C07C45/49 ,  C07C51/00 ,  C25B1/00

    CPC classification number: C07C255/00 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B15/029 ,  C01B15/0295 ,  C01B21/16 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B6/00 ,  C01C1/04 ,  C01C1/0405 ,  C07C29/15 ,  C07C45/00 ,  C07C45/49 ,  C07C51/00 ,  C25B1/00 ,  B01J2219/00177 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  Y02P20/52

    Abstract: The present invention involves a method of chemically removing a mobile atom from a mobile atom-containing reactant molecule. The method includes: (a) absorbing the mobile atom-containing reactant on one side of a solid, mobile atom transmissive membrane; (b) passing the mobile atom through the membrane to the opposite surface; (c) reacting the mobile atom; (d) desorbing the mobile atom depleted reactant molecule from the reaction side of the membrane. The mobile atom may be hydrogen and the method preferably involves controlling the flux of mobile atoms through the membrane to control the rate of removal of mobile atoms from the first reactant molecule. Electrically conductive, atom permeable, biasing means are used to control the surface potential, e.g. biasing means on the hydrogen removal reaction side as well as biasing means on the opposite side of the membrane. The reactor used in the method is another aspect of the present invention.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种从含移动原子的反应物分子中化学去除移动原子的方法。 该方法包括：（a）在固体，移动原子透射膜的一侧上吸收含有移动原子的反应物; （b）将移动原子通过膜传递到相对表面; （c）使移动原子反应; （d）从膜的反应侧解吸移动的原子消耗的反应物分子。 移动原子可以是氢，并且该方法优选地涉及控制通过膜的移动原子的通量以控制从第一反应物分子去除移动原子的速率。 导电的，原子可透过的偏压装置用于控制表面电势，例如， 除氢反应侧的偏置装置以及膜相反侧的偏置装置。 该方法中使用的反应器是本发明的另一方面。

    Apparatus for passively releasing gases from a vessel against an adverse pressure gradient
    32.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for passively releasing gases from a vessel against an adverse pressure gradient 失效
    用于被动地从容器释放气体抵抗不利的压力梯度的装置

    公开(公告)号：US5057160A

    公开(公告)日：1991-10-15

    申请号：US401730

    申请日：1989-08-31

    Applicant: William J. Ward, III ,  Philip G. Kosky ,  John A. Kamal

    Inventor： William J. Ward, III ,  Philip G. Kosky ,  John A. Kamal

    IPC: B01J4/04 ,  G21C3/17

    CPC classification number: G21C3/17 ,  B01J4/04 ,  Y02E30/40

    Abstract: A microporous plug is provided which serves to seal a vessel so as to prevent the bulk flow of gases through an outlet. The pores of said microporous plug are sized so as to permit the transport of gases to and from the vessel interior by Knudsen diffusion. In preferred embodiments, the pores of the plug are sized so as to release helium from the interior of a vessel and restrict the transport of carbon dioxide into the vessel from the surrounding atmosphere by Knudsen diffusion. Such embodiments are particularly useful on Mars where the helium is transported into an environment of higher pressure. In other embodiments, the microporous plug is used in conjunction with an absorber positioned within the vessel to react with atmospheric gases that pass through the plug, such as carbon dioxide. Also provided are radioisotope thermoelectric generators that incorporate a microporous plug and optionally an absorber.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种微孔塞，其用于密封容器，以防止气体通过出口的大量流动。 所述微孔塞的孔隙的大小被设计成允许通过克努森扩散将气体输送到船舶内部。 在优选的实施方案中，塞子的孔的尺寸被设计成从容器的内部释放氦，并且通过克努森（Knudsen）扩散来限制二氧化碳从周围的气氛输送到容器中。 这样的实施例在将氦输送到更高压力的环境中的火星上特别有用。 在其它实施例中，微孔塞与吸收器结合使用，该吸收器位于容器内以与通过塞子的大气气体（例如二氧化碳）反应。 还提供了包含微孔塞和任选的吸收体的放射性同位素热电发生器。

    Polycondensation in poly(tetrafluorethylene) reactor
    37.
    发明授权
    Polycondensation in poly(tetrafluorethylene) reactor 失效
    聚（四氟乙烯）反应器中的聚合

    公开(公告)号：US3674744A

    公开(公告)日：1972-07-04

    申请号：US3674744D

    申请日：1970-02-24

    Applicant: ICI LTD

    Inventor： PORTER KENNETH ,  RICHARDSON BRIAN

    IPC: C08G69/00 ,  B01D19/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J14/00 ,  C08G63/00 ,  C08G63/78 ,  C08G69/04 ,  C08G85/00 ,  C08G17/01 ,  C08G20/24

    CPC classification number: B01D19/0031 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C08G63/785

    Abstract: A process for the preparation of a high molecular weight polymer by a condensation process of a liquid reaction mixture wherein at least one volatile by-product is eliminated, characterized in that said condensation process is carried out in apparatus of such form and so operated that said reaction mixture being subjected to the condensation process has no free surface and removal of volatile product or products from said reaction mixture is effected by diffusion through at least a proportion of the wall of said apparatus which is permeable to said volatile product or products but not permeable to said reaction mixture or said polymer, said proportion of the wall which is permeable serving to separate said reaction mixture from a chemically inert gaseous fluid in which the partial pressure of the volatile byproduct, or of the volatile by-products, is continually maintained below the equilibrium partial pressure for the reaction mixture under the conditions of reaction.

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