公开(公告)号：US4288294A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-08

申请号：US104249

申请日：1979-12-17

Applicant: Gunter Velling

Inventor： Gunter Velling

IPC: C10J3/52 ,  C10B39/02 ,  C10B39/04

CPC classification number: C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/503 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: The present specification describes and claims a method and apparatus for use in cooling the solid residue of gasification of a reactor operated at a pressure above atmospheric for the gasification of carbonaceous materials. The residue of gasification is conducted out of the reactor into a cooling apparatus located therebelow and flows through the cooling apparatus from the top to the bottom thereof. A cooling liquid is introduced into the solid residue in the upper region of the cooling apparatus and is metered such that the greater portion of the heat contained in the residue is eliminated in the form of heat of vaporization, sensible heat and chemical binding energy with the resultant steam and reaction products produced. The remaining residual heat which corresponds to the difference between the desired final temperature and the temperature after cooling by the liquid, is eliminated by a gas blown into the bottom region of the cooling apparatus and/or by indirect heat exchange.

Abstract translation: 本说明书描述并要求一种用于冷却在高于大气压的压力下操作的反应器的气化固体残余物用于碳质材料气化的方法和装置。 将气化残渣从反应器中排出到位于其下方的冷却装置中，从其顶部流向冷却装置。 将冷却液引入冷却装置的上部区域的固体残渣中，并进行计量，使残留物中所含的大部分热量以蒸发热，显热和化学结合能的形式消除， 产生蒸汽和反应产物。 通过吹入冷却装置的底部区域的气体和/或通过间接热交换来消除对应于所需最终温度与液体冷却后的温度之间的差的剩余余热。

公开(公告)号：US4202673A

公开(公告)日：1980-05-13

申请号：US934515

申请日：1978-08-17

Applicant: Ted M. Knowlton

Inventor： Ted M. Knowlton

IPC: C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/56 ,  B65G53/42

CPC classification number: C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: An improved valve apparatus for the introduction of finely divided coal solids into a vessel in a controlled manner is disclosed. The disclosed apparatus includes substantially vertical and horizontal conduits interconnected to provide a generally continuous L-shaped flow path therethrough. Gas is introduced directly into the bottom portion of the vertical conduit upstream from the point where the vertical conduit and horizontal conduit interconnect. The flow rate of the gas introduced into the vertical conduit is controlled to adjust the amount of coal solids discharged from the discharge end of the horizontal conduit.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于以受控的方式将精细分散的煤固体引入容器中的改进的阀装置。 所公开的设备包括互连的基本上垂直和水平的管道，以提供穿过其中的大致连续的L形流动路径。 气体直接从垂直管道和水平管道互连点的上游引入垂直管道的底部。 控制引入垂直管道的气体的流量，以调节从水平管道的排放端排出的煤固体的量。

公开(公告)号：US4057402A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-08

申请号：US700536

申请日：1976-06-28

Applicant: Jitendra G. Patel ,  Frank C. Schora ,  John W. Loeding

Inventor： Jitendra G. Patel ,  Frank C. Schora ,  John W. Loeding

IPC: C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/36 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: A process for converting a finely divided carbonaceous material, particularly coal, to a fuel gas. A finely divided or pulverized carbonaceous feed material, such as coal, is pretreated at a temperature of about 700.degree. - 800.degree. F in order to destroy the caking properties of a caking coal feed in a fluidized pretreatment zone, or, alternatively to dry a non-caking coal feed. The pretreated coal is passed from a pretreatment zone to a gasification zone wherein the carbonaceous feed material or coal is maintained as a fluid bed at selected conditions for converting the pretreated material to ash and a gaseous mixture. During the pretreatment of the feed material, hot off gases are formed and the hot off gases, which generally comprise steam, tars, oils, and carbonaceous fines, are passed from the pretreatment zone to the underside of the fluid bed in the gasification zone. The steam contained in the off gases is reacted with the coal in the fluidized bed in the gasification zone for converting the coal feed material to ash and the fuel gas product. The off gases also provide heat for maintaining the desired temperature conditions in the gasification zone. The tars and oils in the off gases are substantially destroyed during passage upwardly through the fluidized bed in the gasification zone. The fines in the off gases are converted by the gasification reaction in the gasification zone to form a part of the fuel gas and the ash. The fuel gas is withdrawn from the upper portion of the gasification zone and ash is withdrawn from the bottom of the gasification zone.

Abstract translation: 将细碎的碳质材料，特别是煤转化为燃料气体的方法。 细碎或粉碎的碳质进料如煤，在约700-800°F的温度下进行预处理，以破坏流化预处理区中的结块煤进料的结块性能，或者替代地将 非结块煤炭饲料。 预处理的煤从预处理区域通到气化区，其中碳质进料或煤在选定的条件下保持为流化床，以将预处理的材料转化为灰分和气体混合物。 在进料预处理期间，形成热气体，并且通常包含蒸汽，焦油，油和碳质细粉的热废气从预处理区域通到气化区的流化床底面。 包含在废气中的蒸汽与气化区中的流化床中的煤反应，以将煤进料转化为灰分和燃料气体产物。 废气还提供热量以保持气化区中所需的温度条件。 在向上通过气化区的流化床的过程中，废气中的焦油和油基本上被破坏。 废气中的细粉由气化区中的气化反应转化成燃料气体和灰分的一部分。 燃气从气化区的上部排出，灰气从气化区的底部排出。

公开(公告)号：US09963649B2

公开(公告)日：2018-05-08

申请号：US15218068

申请日：2016-07-24

Applicant: Synthesis Energy Systems, Inc.

Inventor： Francis Sikming Lau

IPC: C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/52 ,  F23C10/24 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/72

CPC classification number: C10J3/526 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  F23C10/24 ,  F23C10/26 ,  F23C10/30 ,  F23C2900/10008 ,  F23J1/00 ,  F23J2900/01006

Abstract: A fluidized bed gasification system which comprises a fluidized bed gasification reactor having a bottom ash discharge outlet below the reactor, wherein an L-valve is used to control the rate of bottom ash discharge. The L-valve uses an aeration port located on distal side of the L-valve vertical pipe at a location that is above the center line of the horizontal pipe. Also provided are methods of controlling the bottom ash discharge as well the fluidized reaction bed height of the system.

公开(公告)号：US08828347B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-09

申请号：US12740937

申请日：2008-11-12

Applicant: Toru Ishii

Inventor： Toru Ishii

IPC: C01B31/20 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/721 ,  B01D2251/404 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/16 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1815

Abstract: Gasification of carbon-containing raw material into gasified gas and recovery of CO2 are enabled at the same pressure throughout a system.Provided are a hydration tower 1 for performing hydration reaction by contact of CaO with water vapor while keeping at a predetermined pressure and a temperature at or below an upper limit for production of Ca(OH)2; a gasification reactor 2 with a water removal section 2a for dehydration of Ca(OH)2 introduced through heating to obtain highly active CaO and with a gasification section 2b for production of char through reaction of a raw material with water vapor and production of gasified gas through gasification of the char, CO2 being absorbed by CaO from the section 2a to produce CaCO3, heat of reaction at that time being used for the gasification of the raw material, the gasified gas being used as a heat source for the dehydration in the section 2a; and an absorbent regeneration tower 3 in which, in the presence of the char-containing CaCO3 from the section 2b, CO2, water vapor and oxygen, CaCO3 is calcined with heat of combustion of the char to separate it into CO2 and CaO, the resultant CaO being supplied to the hydration tower 1. The pressure in the reactor 2 and in the tower 3 connected to the tower 1 is the same as pressure in the tower 1.

Abstract translation: 在整个系统中，将含碳原料气化成气化气体和回收二氧化碳在相同的压力下实现。 提供一种水合塔1，用于在保持在预定压力和等于或低于Ca（OH）2生产上限的温度）的温度下，与CaO和水蒸气接触进行水合反应; 具有通过加热导入的Ca（OH）2脱水的除水部2a的气化反应器2，得到高活性CaO，通过原料与水蒸气反应生成焦炭的气化部2b，生成气化气 通过炭的气化，CO 2从部分2a吸收的CO 2产生CaCO 3，此时用于气化原料的反应热，气化气体用作部分脱水的热源 2a; 和吸收性再生塔3，其中在来自部分2b的含焦炭CaCO 3存在下，CO 2，水蒸气和氧气，将CaCO 3与焦炭的燃烧热一起煅烧以将其分离成CO 2和CaO， CaO供应到水化塔1.反应器2中和连接到塔1的塔3中的压力与塔1中的压力相同。

公开(公告)号：US20120031584A1

公开(公告)日：2012-02-09

申请号：US13198745

申请日：2011-08-05

Applicant: Pannalal Vimalchand ,  Guohai Liu ,  WanWang Peng

Inventor： Pannalal Vimalchand ,  Guohai Liu ,  WanWang Peng

IPC: F28F9/00 ,  F28F19/00

CPC classification number: F28D21/001 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/1625 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  C10K1/022 ,  C10K1/024 ,  F23C10/24 ,  F23C2900/10006 ,  F23J1/02 ,  F23J2900/01002 ,  F28D7/12 ,  F28D13/00 ,  F28D2021/0045

Abstract: Disclosed are cooling and depressurization system equipment, arrangement and methods to cool solid particles from a coal gasifier operating at high temperature and pressure. Ash from the coal needs to be continuously withdrawn from a circulating fluidized bed gasifier to maintain the solids inventory in the gasifier. The system disclosed enables use of conventional materials of construction for heat transfer surfaces. The supports for the cooling surfaces are located on the lower temperature upper section of the primary cooler. The cooled solids along with the fluidizing gas exits the primary cooler to a secondary receiving vessel where the solids can be further cooled by conventional means. The fluidizing and entrained gas entering the secondary vessel is filtered and vented through a vent pressure control valve. The column of cooled solids in the secondary vessel is depressurized by a continuous depressurization system to low pressures which are sufficient for conveying the solids to silos for disposal. The system and methods proposed are equally applicable to many high temperature, high pressure processes that require cooling and depressurization of process solids.

Abstract translation: 公开了冷却和减压系统设备，从高温和高压下运行的煤气化炉中固体颗粒冷却的方法。 需要从循环流化床气化器中连续取出煤中的灰分，以保持气化炉中的固体物质。 所公开的系统使得能够使用用于传热表面的常规建筑材料。 用于冷却表面的支撑件位于主冷却器的较低温度上部。 冷却的固体与流化气体一起离开初级冷却器到二次接收容器，其中固体可以通过常规方式进一步冷却。 进入二次容器的流化和夹带的气体被过滤并通过排气压力控制阀排出。 二次容器中冷却的固体柱通过连续减压系统减压至足以将固体输送到筒仓进行处理的低压。 所提出的系统和方法同样适用于需要对工艺固体进行冷却和减压的许多高温高压方法。

公开(公告)号：US20110120560A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-26

申请号：US12673217

申请日：2008-08-14

Applicant: Tobias Proll ,  Philipp Kolbitsch ,  Johannes Bolhar-Nordenkampf ,  Hermann Hofbauer

Inventor： Tobias Proll ,  Philipp Kolbitsch ,  Johannes Bolhar-Nordenkampf ,  Hermann Hofbauer

IPC: F17D1/00 ,  B01J8/26

CPC classification number: B01J8/26 ,  B01D53/12 ,  B01J8/0055 ,  B01J8/1818 ,  B01J8/1827 ,  B01J2208/00141 ,  B01J2219/0004 ,  C10B49/22 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G11/187 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10J3/725 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1637 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  F23C10/005 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y10T137/0318

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor system made up of at least two fluidized bed reactors, comprising at least one main reactor (1) in the form of a circulating fluidized bed and a secondary reactor (2) in the form of a circulating fluidized bed, and also a particle line comprising a particle separator for transporting fluidized bed particles from the main reactor into the secondary reactor, characterized in that, in the lower region of the respective reactor, a line (10) connects the secondary reactor (2) to the main reactor (1) for transporting fluidized bed particles.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及由至少两个流化床反应器组成的流化床反应器系统，其包括至少一个循环流化床形式的主反应器（1）和循环流化床形式的二级反应器（2） 流化床，以及包含用于将流化床颗粒从主反应器输送到二次反应器中的颗粒分离器的颗粒管线，其特征在于，在各个反应器的下部区域中，管线（10）将二次反应器 ）到用于输送流化床颗粒的主反应器（1）。

公开(公告)号：US20110036014A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-17

申请号：US12919829

申请日：2008-02-27

Applicant: Andreas Tsangaris ,  Marc Bacon

Inventor： Andreas Tsangaris ,  Marc Bacon

IPC: C10J3/48

CPC classification number: C01B3/342 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0272 ,  C01B2203/0861 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/82 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1869 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G2202/102 ,  F23G2202/103 ,  F23G2202/104 ,  F23G2203/8013 ,  F23G2203/803 ,  F23G2203/805 ,  F23G2204/103 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23L15/04 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02W10/37

Abstract: The invention provides a system designed for the complete conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into syngas and slag. The system comprises a primary chamber for the volatilization of feedstock generating a primary chamber gas (an offgas); a secondary chamber for the further conversion of processed feedstock to a secondary chamber gas (a syngas) and a residue; a gas-reformulating zone for processing gas generated within one or more of the chambers; and a melting chamber for vitrifying residue. The primary chamber comprises direct or indirect feedstock additive capabilities in order to adjust the carbon content of the feedstock. The system also comprises a control system for use with the gasification system to monitor and regulate the different stages of the process to ensure the efficient and complete conversion of the carbonaceous feedstock into a syngas product.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种设计用于将碳质原料完全转化成合成气和渣的系统。 该系统包括用于挥发原料产生初级室气体（废气）的主室; 用于将经处理的原料进一步转化为二次室气体（合成气）和残余物的二级室; 用于处理在一个或多个室内产生的气体的气体重整区; 和用于玻璃化残渣的熔化室。 主室包括直接或间接的原料添加剂能力，以调节原料的碳含量。 该系统还包括与气化系统一起使用的控制系统，以监测和调节该过程的不同阶段，以确保碳质原料有效和完全转化为合成气产品。

公开(公告)号：US20020134019A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-26

申请号：US10037980

申请日：2001-12-20

Inventor： Mark A. Paisley

IPC: C10J003/54

CPC classification number: F23K3/02 ,  C10B49/22 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1637 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  F16L43/00 ,  F16L57/06 ,  F23C10/005 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23K2203/10

Abstract: An improved system and method is provided for operating a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier system. A first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for reducing ash agglomeration in a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier/combustor system by adding a quantity of MgO to the feedstock used in the gasifier/combustor system. A second aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for reducing erosion at piping bends in fluidized particulate piping systems which utilizes sand retention cavities positioned to receive and retain a portion of the fluidized particulate. A third aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for facilitating the flow of sand and char fragments from a first compartment to a second compartment while minimizing the flow of gases between the first and second compartments.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于操作平行夹带流化床气化器系统的改进的系统和方法。 本发明的第一方面涉及通过向气化器/燃烧器系统中使用的原料添加一定量的MgO来减少平行夹带流化床气化器/燃烧器系统中的灰分聚集的方法。 本发明的第二方面涉及一种用于减少流化颗粒管道系统中管道弯曲处的侵蚀的装置和方法，其利用定位成接收和保持流化颗粒的一部分的砂保持腔。 本发明的第三方面涉及一种用于促进沙子和焦炭碎片从第一隔室流到第二隔室的装置和方法，同时最小化第一和第二隔室之间的气体流。

公开(公告)号：US06203595B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US09209000

申请日：1998-12-11

Applicant: Alfred Edlinger

Inventor： Alfred Edlinger

IPC: C21B1100

CPC classification number: B02C19/06 ,  B02C19/065 ,  B02C23/16 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/503 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/0996

Abstract: In this process for working up RESH or shredder light fractions, the RESH or shredder light fractions are charged into a fluidized bed gasifier. Hot wind or combustion offgases having a temperature above 450° C. are blown into the fluidized bed through nozzles while forming a counterflow grinding space. CaCO3 is introduced into the fluidized bed and calcined in the grinding space to effect disintegration.

Abstract translation: 在这种处理RESH或粉碎轻馏分的方法中，将RESH或粉碎轻馏分装入流化床气化器中。 温度高于450℃的热风或燃烧废气通过喷嘴吹入流化床，同时形成逆流研磨空间。 将CaCO 3引入流化床中并在研磨空间中煅烧以进行分解。