公开(公告)号：US09837676B2

公开(公告)日：2017-12-05

申请号：US14903632

申请日：2014-04-22

Applicant: NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.

Inventor： Atsushi Horai

IPC: H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  H01M8/0232 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04082 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0239 ,  H01M8/0243 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/1018 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M8/2457

CPC classification number: H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8896 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  H01M8/0232 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0239 ,  H01M8/0243 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M2008/1095

Abstract: A single cell C includes a membrane electrode assembly M in which an electrolyte membrane 1 is interposed between a pair of electrode layers 2, 3, and a pair of separators 4 that form gas channels C between the pair of separators 4 and the membrane electrode assembly M, wherein the electrode layers 2, 3 include first gas diffusion layers 2B, 3B of a porous material disposed at the side facing the electrolyte membrane 1 and second gas diffusion layers 2C, 3C that are composed of a metal porous body having arrayed many holes K, and a part of the first gas diffusion layers 2B, 3B penetrates the holes K of the second gas diffusion layers 2C, 3C to form protrusions T. Accordingly, the surface of the electrode layers 2, 3 has a fine uneven structure. As a result, an improvement in liquid water discharging function and an improvement in power generating function were achieved at the same time.

公开(公告)号：US20170331118A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-16

申请号：US15648015

申请日：2017-07-12

Applicant: N.E. CHEMCAT Corporation

Inventor： Kiyotaka NAGAMORI ,  Tomoteru MIZUSAKI ,  Yoko NAKAMURA ,  Takuya TSUBAKI ,  Hiroshi IGARASHI ,  Yasuhiro SEKI

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1018

CPC classification number: H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2008/1095

Abstract: Provided is an electrode catalyst that can exhibit sufficient performance, is suitable for mass production, and is suitable for reducing production costs, even when containing a relatively high concentration of chlorine. The electrode catalyst has a core-shell structure including a support; a core part that is formed on the support; and a shell part that is formed so as to cover at least one portion of the surface of the core part. A concentration of bromine (Br) species of the electrode catalyst as measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is 500 ppm or less, and a concentration of chlorine (Cl) species of the electrode catalyst as measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is 8,500 ppm or less.

公开(公告)号：US09812747B2

公开(公告)日：2017-11-07

申请号：US14415802

申请日：2013-07-16

Applicant: AZA Holding Pte. Ltd.

Inventor： Suren Martirosyan ,  Didier Guillonnet

IPC: H01M10/052 ,  H01M12/08 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88

CPC classification number: H01M12/08 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8875 ,  H01M2004/8689

Abstract: Method of operating a secondary Metal-Air electrochemical cell with a metal anode and an air cathode including the steps of (a) at start of a charging session, creating in less than 2 seconds an oxygen gas-shield on the electrolyte side of the air-electrode obstructing ion passage between the bulk of the electrolyte and the air-electrode; (b) charging the cell without anodic polarization of the air-electrode with the help of (i) electric conductive material placed between the electrolyte side of air-electrode and the bulk of electrolyte, and, (ii) the oxygen gas-shield obstructing passage of ions of the electrolyte between the electrolyte side of air-electrode and the bulk of electrolyte; (c) removing the oxygen gas-shield at start of a discharging session.

公开(公告)号：US09799890B1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-24

申请号：US15252711

申请日：2016-08-31

Applicant: JNTG Co., Ltd.

Inventor： Eun Sook Lee ,  Eun Chong Kim ,  Tae Hyung Kim ,  Min Jee Yang ,  Jy Young Jyoung ,  Tae Nyun Kim ,  Sang Wook Jang

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88

CPC classification number: H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/861 ,  H01M4/8636 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2220/20 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02T90/32

Abstract: Provided is a carbon substrate for a gas diffusion layer of a fuel cell. The carbon substrate has a structure, in which a plurality of unit carbon substrates are stacked. Each of the unit carbon substrates is a plate type substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. Carbon fibers are randomly arranged on the first surface of the each unit carbon substrate. The number of the carbon fibers arranged in a machine direction of the unit carbon substrate is greater than the number of carbon fibers arranged in a transverse direction of the unit carbon substrate from the first surface to the second surface along a thickness direction of the unit carbon substrate; and, accordingly, an orientation gradient, in which the orientation in the machine direction increases from the first surface to the second surface, is shown.

公开(公告)号：US09780383B2

公开(公告)日：2017-10-03

申请号：US14740637

申请日：2015-06-16

Applicant: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation

Inventor： Kazuhiro Sumioka ,  Yoshihiro Sako

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  C04B35/83 ,  D21H13/50 ,  D21H27/00 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  B32B18/00

CPC classification number: H01M4/8657 ,  B32B18/00 ,  C04B35/83 ,  C04B2235/526 ,  C04B2235/5264 ,  C04B2235/5268 ,  C04B2235/5272 ,  C04B2235/602 ,  C04B2235/652 ,  C04B2235/663 ,  C04B2237/385 ,  C04B2237/584 ,  D21H13/50 ,  D21H27/00 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8626 ,  H01M4/8803 ,  H01M4/8875 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: A process of producing a porous electrode substrate, including: dispersing first short carbon fibers and producing a first precursor sheet not having a three-dimensional entangled structure of the first short carbon fibers; treating the first precursor sheet such that the first short carbon fibers in the first precursor sheet are entangled and that a second precursor sheet having a three-dimensional entangled structure of the first short carbon fibers is obtained; dispersing second short carbon fibers on the second precursor sheet such that a porous electrode precursor sheet including the second precursor sheet and a third precursor sheet not having a three-dimensional entangled structure of the second short carbon fibers and stacked on the second precursor sheet is obtained; and carbonization treating the porous electrode substrate precursor sheet at a temperature of at least 1000° C. to obtain the porous electrode substrate.

公开(公告)号：US09774041B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-26

申请号：US15178259

申请日：2016-06-09

Applicant: AUDI AG

Inventor： Thomas H. Madden ,  Robert Mason Darling ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/02 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1007

CPC classification number: H01M4/8828 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  Y02E60/521

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly includes a membrane, an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer. The anode catalyst layer is on a first side of the membrane and the cathode catalyst layer is on a second side of the membrane, wherein the second side of the membrane is opposite the first side of the membrane along a first axis. The cathode catalyst layer includes agglomerates formed of a catalyst support supporting catalyst particles, an agglomerate ionomer and an inter-agglomerate ionomer. The agglomerate ionomer surrounds the agglomerates and the inter-agglomerate ionomer is in regions between the agglomerates surrounded by the agglomerate ionomer. The agglomerate ionomer is different than the inter-agglomerate. Methods to produce the catalyst layer are also provided.

公开(公告)号：US09761899B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-12

申请号：US14373299

申请日：2012-01-20

Applicant: Lesia V. Protsailo ,  Laura Roen Stolar ,  Jesse M. Marzullo ,  Mallika Gummalla ,  Sergei F. Burlatsky

Inventor： Lesia V. Protsailo ,  Laura Roen Stolar ,  Jesse M. Marzullo ,  Mallika Gummalla ,  Sergei F. Burlatsky

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/1018

CPC classification number: H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/8636 ,  H01M4/8642 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/886 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M2008/1095

Abstract: An example of a stable electrode structure is to use a gradient electrode that employs large platinum particle catalyst in the close proximity to the membrane supported on conventional carbon and small platinum particles in the section of the electrode closer to a GDL supported on a stabilized carbon. Some electrode parameters that contribute to electrode performance stability and reduced change in ECA are platinum-to-carbon ratio, size of platinum particles in various parts of the electrode, use of other stable catalysts instead of large particle size platinum (alloy, etc), depth of each gradient sublayer. Another example of a stable electrode structure is to use a mixture of platinum particle sizes on a carbon support, such as using platinum particles that may be 6 nanometers and 3 nanometers. A conductive support is typically one or more of the carbon blacks.

公开(公告)号：US09748580B2

公开(公告)日：2017-08-29

申请号：US14005795

申请日：2012-03-21

Applicant: Ken-ichiro Ota ,  Akimitsu Isihara ,  Shigenori Mitsushima ,  Koichi Matsuzawa ,  Keisuke Ukita ,  Hideto Imai ,  Masashi Matsumoto ,  Takashi Miyazaki

Inventor： Ken-ichiro Ota ,  Akimitsu Isihara ,  Shigenori Mitsushima ,  Koichi Matsuzawa ,  Keisuke Ukita ,  Hideto Imai ,  Masashi Matsumoto ,  Takashi Miyazaki

IPC: H01M4/00 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/86 ,  B01J37/34 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/16 ,  B01J23/20 ,  B01J27/22 ,  B01J27/24 ,  B01J23/18

CPC classification number: H01M4/9083 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/16 ,  B01J23/18 ,  B01J23/20 ,  B01J27/22 ,  B01J27/24 ,  B01J37/341 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8673 ,  H01M4/9016

Abstract: Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst having a high oxygen reduction performance. An oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes a transition metal oxide to which an oxygen defect is introduced, and a layer that is provided on the transition metal oxide and that contains an electron conductive substance. A method for producing an oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes heating a transition metal carbonitride as a starting material in an oxygen-containing mixed gas. In addition, a method for producing an oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes heating a transition-metal phthalocyanine and a carbon fiber powder as starting materials in an oxygen-containing mixed gas.

公开(公告)号：US20170244112A1

公开(公告)日：2017-08-24

申请号：US15381811

申请日：2016-12-16

Applicant: Anastasios Angelopoulos

Inventor： Anastasios Angelopoulos

IPC: H01M4/92 ,  C22C12/00 ,  B22F1/02 ,  B22F1/00 ,  H01M4/86 ,  B22F9/24

CPC classification number: H01M4/926 ,  B22F1/0044 ,  B22F1/02 ,  B22F9/24 ,  B22F2009/245 ,  B22F2301/30 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  C22C12/00 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8663 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02T90/32

Abstract: Provided are processes for preparing a thermodynamically stable PtBi2 alloy nanoparticle. In certain aspects, the process comprises preparing an aqueous mixture, with the aqueous mixture comprising: an inorganic compound comprising SnCl2; an inorganic compound comprising Bi; and HCl. The process further comprises adding PtCl4 to the mixture. The process results in the spontaneous reduction of Bi and Pt. Excess SnCl2 is adsorbed as a ligand at the surface of the PtB2 alloy nanoparticle, which serves to stabilize the nanoparticle. Another aspect provides a thermodynamically stable PtBi2 nanoparticle. The nanoparticle comprises a core comprising a PtBi2 alloy. The nanoparticle further comprises a shell at least partially encapsulating the core, with the shell comprising stannous chloride. The thermodynamically stable PtB2 nanoparticle has a negative charge.

公开(公告)号：US09742012B2

公开(公告)日：2017-08-22

申请号：US14453933

申请日：2014-08-07

Applicant: Hyundai Motor Company

Inventor： Byeong-Heon Jeong

IPC: H01M8/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M8/1018

CPC classification number: H01M8/0273 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: A fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising an electrolyte membrane, an anode and a cathode; and a gas diffusion layer (GDL) combined with both surfaces of the MEA is provided. In particular, the GDL includes a first layer having a first surface that comes in contact with a reaction region of the MEA, a second layer formed on a second surface of the first layer, and a third layer formed along a peripheral portion between a first region in which both the first layer and the second layer are formed and a second region in which only the second layer is formed. The first layer may be a first microporous layer, the third layer may be a second microporous layer having a viscosity lower than that of the first microporous layer, and the second layer is not the first microporous layer and the second microporous layer.