公开(公告)号：US5684055A

公开(公告)日：1997-11-04

申请号：US354960

申请日：1994-12-13

Applicant: Vipin Kumar ,  Henry G. Schirmer

Inventor： Vipin Kumar ,  Henry G. Schirmer

IPC: B29C44/34 ,  C08J9/00

CPC classification number: B29C44/3453 ,  B29C44/3446 ,  B29C44/348 ,  C08J9/122 ,  C08J9/34 ,  C08J2201/032 ,  C08J2203/06 ,  C08J2205/044 ,  C08J2205/052 ,  C08J2325/06 ,  C08J2327/06 ,  C08J2333/12 ,  C08J2355/02 ,  C08J2367/02 ,  C08J2369/00 ,  Y10S264/13 ,  Y10S264/83

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the semi-continuous production of microcellular foam articles. In a preferred embodiment, a roll of polymer sheet is provided with a gas channelling means interleaved between the layers of polymer. The roll is exposed to a non-reacting gas at elevated pressure for a period of time sufficient to achieve a desired concentration of gas within the polymer. The saturated polymer sheet is then separated from the gas channelling means and bubble nucleation and growth is initiated by heating the polymer sheet. After foaming, bubble nucleation and growth is quenched by cooling the foamed polymer sheet.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种半连续生产微孔泡沫制品的方法。 在一个优选实施例中，一卷聚合物片材设置有交错在聚合物层之间的气体通道装置。 将辊在升高的压力下暴露于非反应性气体一段足以在聚合物内达到所需浓度的气体的时间。 然后将饱和聚合物片材与气体引导装置分离，并且气泡成核，并通过加热聚合物片材开始生长。 发泡后，通过冷却发泡聚合物片来淬灭气泡成核和生长。

公开(公告)号：US09296185B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

申请号：US13640665

申请日：2011-04-19

Applicant: Krishna Nadella ,  Xiaoxi Wang ,  Vipin Kumar

Inventor： Krishna Nadella ,  Xiaoxi Wang ,  Vipin Kumar

IPC: B29C65/02 ,  B32B37/04 ,  B29C44/06 ,  B29C65/20 ,  B29C65/00 ,  B32B27/06 ,  B32B37/20 ,  B32B38/00 ,  B29K105/04 ,  B29C65/10 ,  B29C65/14 ,  B29C65/30 ,  B29C65/82 ,  B32B37/12 ,  B29L31/00 ,  B29C65/48

CPC classification number: B32B37/04 ,  B29C44/06 ,  B29C65/10 ,  B29C65/1412 ,  B29C65/203 ,  B29C65/30 ,  B29C65/483 ,  B29C65/8253 ,  B29C66/1122 ,  B29C66/45 ,  B29C66/71 ,  B29C66/727 ,  B29C66/73921 ,  B29C66/8264 ,  B29C66/83413 ,  B29C66/9292 ,  B29K2105/041 ,  B29K2105/043 ,  B29K2105/046 ,  B29L2031/776 ,  B32B5/18 ,  B32B7/04 ,  B32B7/12 ,  B32B27/065 ,  B32B27/302 ,  B32B27/304 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B27/36 ,  B32B27/365 ,  B32B37/12 ,  B32B37/203 ,  B32B2038/0084 ,  B32B2250/22 ,  B32B2266/08 ,  B32B2305/022 ,  B32B2307/54 ,  B32B2307/542 ,  B32B2307/546 ,  B32B2307/732 ,  B32B2307/734 ,  B32B2309/04 ,  B32B2309/105 ,  B32B2309/12 ,  B32B2367/00 ,  B32B2419/04 ,  B32B2451/00 ,  B32B2607/00 ,  Y10T156/10 ,  B29K2067/003

Abstract: A method for joining two components includes positioning a thermoplastic polymer portion of a first component adjacent a thermoplastic polymer portion of a second component such that the first and second portions form an interface. At least one of the portions includes a microstructure having a plurality of closed cells, each cell containing a void and each cell having a maximum dimension extending across the void. The method also includes exerting pressure on the thermoplastic polymer portions to form a bond at the interface that holds the portions together. The plurality of closed cells, and especially those adjacent the surface of the thermoplastic polymer portion that form the interface, help isolate thermally and/or chemically the surface from the remainder of the portion.

Abstract translation: 用于连接两个部件的方法包括将第一部件的热塑性聚合物部分定位成邻近第二部件的热塑性聚合物部分，使得第一部分和第二部分形成界面。 这些部分中的至少一个包括具有多个闭孔的微结构，每个单元包含空隙，并且每个单元具有跨过空隙延伸的最大尺寸。 该方法还包括在热塑性聚合物部分上施加压力以在将部分保持在一起的界面处形成结合。 多个闭孔，特别是邻近形成界面的热塑性聚合物部分的表面附近的那些有助于将表面与该部分的其余部分进行热和/或化学隔离。

公开(公告)号：US08926876B2

公开(公告)日：2015-01-06

申请号：US12673161

申请日：2008-08-15

Applicant: Vipin Kumar ,  Krishna V. Nadella ,  Stephen Probert

Inventor： Vipin Kumar ,  Krishna V. Nadella ,  Stephen Probert

IPC: B29C44/34 ,  C08J9/12

CPC classification number: C08J9/122 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08J2201/032 ,  C08J2203/06 ,  C08J2205/044 ,  C08J2367/04 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/249978

Abstract: A method for making a shapeable article from poly(lactic acid) includes treating solid poly(lactic acid) that results in the solid poly(lactic acid) having a crystallinity of at least 20% by weight based on the weight of the solid poly(lactic acid) and a gas concentration of 6% to 16% by weight based on the weight of the solid poly(lactic acid); and heating the solid poly(lactic acid) having said minimum crystallinity and gas concentration to produce a cellular poly(lactic acid) article that is shapeable. The shapeable cellular poly(lactic acid) article is advantageous in that the article can be further shaped by heat and/or pressure (or vacuum), such as via thermoforming, into a variety of useful products.

Abstract translation: 由聚（乳酸）制造可成型制品的方法包括处理固体聚乳酸，其导致基于固体聚（重量）的至少20重量％的结晶度的固体聚（乳酸） 乳酸），基于固体聚（乳酸）的重量计，气体浓度为6重量％至16重量％; 并加热具有最小结晶度和气体浓度的固体聚（乳酸）以产生可成形的细胞多（乳酸）制品。 可成形的细胞多（乳酸）制品的优点在于，可以通过热和/或压力（或真空）例如通过热成型将制品进一步成型为各种有用的产品。

公开(公告)号：US20130032289A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-07

申请号：US13640665

申请日：2011-04-19

Applicant: Krishna Nadella ,  Xiaoxi Wang ,  Vipin Kumar

Inventor： Krishna Nadella ,  Xiaoxi Wang ,  Vipin Kumar

IPC: B32B37/10

CPC classification number: B32B37/04 ,  B29C44/06 ,  B29C65/10 ,  B29C65/1412 ,  B29C65/203 ,  B29C65/30 ,  B29C65/483 ,  B29C65/8253 ,  B29C66/1122 ,  B29C66/45 ,  B29C66/71 ,  B29C66/727 ,  B29C66/73921 ,  B29C66/8264 ,  B29C66/83413 ,  B29C66/9292 ,  B29K2105/041 ,  B29K2105/043 ,  B29K2105/046 ,  B29L2031/776 ,  B32B5/18 ,  B32B7/04 ,  B32B7/12 ,  B32B27/065 ,  B32B27/302 ,  B32B27/304 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B27/36 ,  B32B27/365 ,  B32B37/12 ,  B32B37/203 ,  B32B2038/0084 ,  B32B2250/22 ,  B32B2266/08 ,  B32B2305/022 ,  B32B2307/54 ,  B32B2307/542 ,  B32B2307/546 ,  B32B2307/732 ,  B32B2307/734 ,  B32B2309/04 ,  B32B2309/105 ,  B32B2309/12 ,  B32B2367/00 ,  B32B2419/04 ,  B32B2451/00 ,  B32B2607/00 ,  Y10T156/10 ,  B29K2067/003

Abstract: A method for joining two components includes positioning a thermoplastic polymer portion of a first component adjacent a thermoplastic polymer portion of a second component such that the first and second portions form an interface. At least one of the portions includes a microstructure having a plurality of closed cells, each cell containing a void and each cell having a maximum dimension extending across the void. The method also includes exerting pressure on the thermoplastic polymer portions to form a bond at the interface that holds the portions together. The plurality of closed cells, and especially those adjacent the surface of the thermoplastic polymer portion that form the interface, help isolate thermally and/or chemically the surface from the remainder of the portion.

Abstract translation: 用于连接两个部件的方法包括将第一部件的热塑性聚合物部分定位成邻近第二部件的热塑性聚合物部分，使得第一部分和第二部分形成界面。 这些部分中的至少一个包括具有多个闭孔的微结构，每个单元包含空隙，并且每个单元具有跨过空隙延伸的最大尺寸。 该方法还包括在热塑性聚合物部分上施加压力以在将部分保持在一起的界面处形成结合。 多个闭孔，特别是邻近形成界面的热塑性聚合物部分的表面附近的那些有助于将表面与该部分的其余部分进行热和/或化学隔离。

公开(公告)号：US20110081524A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-07

申请号：US12898106

申请日：2010-10-05

Applicant: Krishna Nadella ,  Gregory Branch ,  Vipin Kumar ,  Michael A. Waggoner

Inventor： Krishna Nadella ,  Gregory Branch ,  Vipin Kumar ,  Michael A. Waggoner

IPC: B32B3/26 ,  B32B7/02 ,  B32B27/00 ,  B32B5/18

CPC classification number: B29C44/06 ,  B29C44/0415 ,  B29C44/0461 ,  B29C44/0484 ,  B29C44/3415 ,  B29C44/3446 ,  B29C44/3453 ,  B29C44/3473 ,  B29L2031/7132 ,  B32B5/32 ,  B32B27/06 ,  Y10T428/1376 ,  Y10T428/24628 ,  Y10T428/2495 ,  Y10T428/24992 ,  Y10T428/249961 ,  Y10T428/249976 ,  Y10T428/249977 ,  Y10T428/249978 ,  Y10T428/249979 ,  Y10T428/24998 ,  Y10T428/249981 ,  Y10T428/249989

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to relates to foamed thermoplastic material objects and articles of manufacture having an internal layered cellular structure, as well as to methods of making the same. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a multi-layer foamed polymeric article of manufacture, comprising: a non-laminated multi-layer thermoplastic material sheet, wherein the multi-layer thermoplastic material sheet has first and second discrete outer layers sandwiching a plurality of discrete inner foamed layers, and wherein the two outer layers and plurality discrete inner foamed layers are integral with one another. The thermoplastic material may be a semi-crystalline polymer such as, for example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PEN (polyethylene napthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PLA (polyactide), polyhydroxy acid (PHA), thermoplastic urethane (TPU), or blends thereof. The two outer layers may be unfoamed skin layers having smooth outer surfaces, and the discrete inner foamed layers may be microcellular.

Abstract translation: 本文公开的本发明涉及具有内部分层细胞结构的泡沫热塑性材料物体和制品，以及其制造方法。 在一个实施方案中，本发明涉及一种多层发泡聚合物制品，其包括：非层压多层热塑性材料片，其中所述多层热塑性材料片具有夹着多个第一和第二离散外层 的离散的内部发泡层，并且其中两个外层和多个离散的内部发泡层彼此成一体。 热塑性材料可以是半结晶聚合物，例如PET（聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯），PEEK（聚醚醚酮），PEN（聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯），PBT（聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯），PMMA（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯），PLA（聚丙交酯） 多羟基酸（PHA），热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）或其混合物。 两个外层可以是具有光滑外表面的未发泡表皮层，并且离散的内部发泡层可以是微孔的。

公开(公告)号：US20110003133A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-06

申请号：US12673161

申请日：2008-08-15

Applicant: Vipin Kumar ,  Krishna V. Nadella ,  Stephen Michael Probert

Inventor： Vipin Kumar ,  Krishna V. Nadella ,  Stephen Michael Probert

IPC: B32B3/26 ,  B29C44/02

CPC classification number: C08J9/122 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08J2201/032 ,  C08J2203/06 ,  C08J2205/044 ,  C08J2367/04 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/249978

Abstract: A method for making a shapeable article from poly(lactic acid) includes treating solid poly(lactic acid) that results in the solid poly(lactic acid) having a crystallinity of at least 20% by weight based on the weight of the solid poly(lactic acid) and a gas concentration of 6% to 16% by weight based on the weight of the solid poly(lactic acid); and heating the solid poly(lactic acid) having said minimum crystallinity and gas concentration to produce a cellular poly(lactic acid) article that is shapeable. The shapeable cellular poly(lactic acid) article is advantageous in that the article can be further shaped by heat and/or pressure (or vacuum), such as via thermoforming, into a variety of useful products.

Abstract translation: 由聚（乳酸）制造可成型制品的方法包括处理固体聚乳酸，其导致基于固体聚（重量）的至少20重量％的结晶度的固体聚（乳酸） 乳酸），基于固体聚（乳酸）的重量计，气体浓度为6重量％至16重量％; 并加热具有最小结晶度和气体浓度的固体聚（乳酸）以产生可成形的细胞多（乳酸）制品。 可成形的细胞多（乳酸）制品的优点在于，可以通过热和/或压力（或真空）例如通过热成型将制品进一步成型为各种有用的产品。

公开(公告)号：US07807260B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-05

申请号：US12016118

申请日：2008-01-17

Applicant: Krishna Nadella ,  Gregory L. Branch ,  Vipin Kumar ,  Michael A. Waggoner

Inventor： Krishna Nadella ,  Gregory L. Branch ,  Vipin Kumar ,  Michael A. Waggoner

IPC: B32B3/26 ,  B32B5/20 ,  B29C44/06

CPC classification number: B29C44/06 ,  B29C44/0415 ,  B29C44/0461 ,  B29C44/0484 ,  B29C44/3415 ,  B29C44/3446 ,  B29C44/3453 ,  B29C44/3473 ,  B29L2031/7132 ,  B32B5/32 ,  B32B27/06 ,  Y10T428/1376 ,  Y10T428/24628 ,  Y10T428/2495 ,  Y10T428/24992 ,  Y10T428/249961 ,  Y10T428/249976 ,  Y10T428/249977 ,  Y10T428/249978 ,  Y10T428/249979 ,  Y10T428/24998 ,  Y10T428/249981 ,  Y10T428/249989

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to relates to foamed thermoplastic material objects and articles of manufacture having an internal layered cellular structure, as well as to methods of making the same. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a multi-layer foamed polymeric article of manufacture, comprising: a non-laminated multi-layer thermoplastic material sheet, wherein the multi-layer thermoplastic material sheet has first and second discrete outer layers sandwiching a plurality of discrete inner foamed layers, and wherein the two outer layers and plurality discrete inner foamed layers are integral with one another. The thermoplastic material may be a semi-crystalline polymer such as, for example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PEN (polyethylene napthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PLA (polylactide), polyhydroxy acid (PHA), thermoplastic urethane (TPU), or blends thereof. The two outer layers may be unfoamed skin layers having smooth outer surfaces, and the discrete inner foamed layers may be microcellular.

Abstract translation: 本文公开的本发明涉及具有内部分层细胞结构的泡沫热塑性材料物体和制品，以及其制造方法。 在一个实施方案中，本发明涉及一种多层发泡聚合物制品，其包括：非层压多层热塑性材料片，其中所述多层热塑性材料片具有夹着多个第一和第二离散外层 的离散的内部发泡层，并且其中两个外层和多个离散的内部发泡层彼此成一体。 热塑性材料可以是半结晶聚合物，例如PET（聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯），PEEK（聚醚醚酮），PEN（聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯），PBT（聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯），PMMA（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯），PLA（聚丙交酯） 多羟基酸（PHA），热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）或其混合物。 两个外层可以是具有光滑外表面的未发泡表皮层，并且离散的内部发泡层可以是微孔的。

公开(公告)号：US20080276317A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-06

申请号：US11794941

申请日：2006-01-10

Applicant: Varun Chandola ,  Eric Eilertson ,  Haiyang Liu ,  Mark Shaneck ,  Changho Choi ,  Gyoergy Simon ,  Yongdae Kim ,  Vipin Kumar ,  Jaideep Srivastava ,  Zhi-Li Zhang

Inventor： Varun Chandola ,  Eric Eilertson ,  Haiyang Liu ,  Mark Shaneck ,  Changho Choi ,  Gyoergy Simon ,  Yongdae Kim ,  Vipin Kumar ,  Jaideep Srivastava ,  Zhi-Li Zhang

IPC: G06F21/00

CPC classification number: H04L63/1425

Abstract: Multi-step processes such as intrusions into computer networks are detected from individual activities or events such as communications by identifying anchor points (FIG. 2, 220) that are likely to be part of the process, proceeding from the anchor points to extract other activities as a context of the anchor points, and characterizing the process from the activities in the context. The process may be characterized as sets of context activities.

Abstract translation: 通过识别可能是该过程的一部分的锚点（图2，220），从各个活动或诸如通信的事件中检测诸如入侵到计算机网络中的多步骤过程，从锚点进行以提取其他活动 作为锚点的上下文，并从上下文中的活动表征过程。 该过程可以被描述为一组上下文活动。

公开(公告)号：US5182307A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-26

申请号：US872082

申请日：1992-04-21

Applicant: Vipin Kumar

Inventor： Vipin Kumar

IPC: C08J9/12 ,  C08J9/34

CPC classification number: C08J9/34 ,  C08J9/122 ,  C08J2367/02

Abstract: Polyethylene terephthalate composite structures having integral crystalline skins on a foam of polyethylene terephthalate are described. The structures exhibit enhanced physical properties compared to polyethylene terephthalate foams. The structures are produced by a method that crystallizes a portion of the polyethylene terephthalate before foaming the uncrystallized portions of the structure.

Abstract translation: 描述了在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的泡沫上具有整体结晶皮的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯复合结构。 与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯泡沫相比，该结构表现出增强的物理性能。 通过在使结构部分的未结晶部分发泡之前使一部分聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯结晶的方法来制造结构。