Abstract:
Reflective displays, sub-pixels for reflective displays and methods to control reflective displays are disclosed. An example sub-pixel for a reflective display disclosed herein comprises a first active shutter layer to provide a first adjustable light transmission, a second active shutter layer to provide a second adjustable light transmission, the first and second active shutter layers being independently controllable, and a luminescent layer positioned interior to at least one of the first and second active shutter layers, the luminescent layer to emit light having a color corresponding to the sub-pixel.
Abstract:
Various plasmonic elements with waveguide trapping are provided. In one embodiment, a plasmonic element includes a waveguide layer including a first surface through which incident light enters the waveguide layer. The waveguide layer includes a medium and an array of plasmonic structures disposed within the medium. The medium has dielectric properties. The resonant frequency of the plasmonic structures is responsive to the dielectric properties of the medium. The plasmonic element is configured to trap incident light scattered by the plasmonic structures in a waveguide mode.
Abstract:
A machine for collecting tie plates strewn along a rail bed includes a frame adapted for travel along a railroad in a forward direction. A pickup drum having magnetic properties is rotatably supported by the frame and extends over a bed portion of the railroad. A top drum is mounted at a location that is higher and forward of the pickup drum and rotates parallel to the pickup drum. An endless conveyor circulates around the pickup and top drums, and a separation drum is disposed between the pickup drum and the top drum along an ascending portion of the endless conveyor. The separation drum includes a magnetized rim that can lift ferrous objects but not tie plates from the endless conveyor.
Abstract:
A method of and apparatus for obtaining radiation transmission data from a liquid in such manner that allows some data about relative proportions of constituent ingredients to be derived is described. A radiation source and a radiation detector system able to resolve transmitted intensity across a plurality of frequencies within the spectrum of the source are used to produce transmitted intensity data for each such frequency. Measured data is compared numerically to a mass attenuation data library storing mass attenuation data, individually or collectively, for a small number of expected constituent ingredients of the liquid to fit each intensity data item to the relationship given by the exponential attenuation law: I/IO=exp [−(μ/ρ) ρt] in respect of the constituent ingredients and derive therefrom an indication of relative proportions of each constituent ingredient.
Abstract:
Ultra-high-density data-storage media employing indium chalcogenide, gallium chalcogenide, and indium-gallium chalcogenide films to form bit-storage regions that act as photoconductive, photovoltaic, or photoluminescent semiconductor devices that produce electrical signals when exposed to electromagnetic radiation, or to form bit-storage regions that act as cathodoconductive, cathodovoltaic, or cathodoluminescent semiconductor devices that produce electrical signals when exposed to electron beams. Two values of a bit are represented by two solid phases of the data-storage medium, a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase, with transition between the two phases effected by heating the bit storage region.
Abstract:
A system for delivering material onto a substrate. The system includes a jetting system having a reservoir containing the material and the reservoir includes a nozzle through which the material is expelled from the reservoir. An arcuate section is positioned between the reservoir and the nozzle. The material is configured to travel from the reservoir, through the arcuate section, and through the nozzle. The system also includes a means for applying pressure on the material contained in the reservoir, wherein the material is expelled from the reservoir through application of pressure by the means for applying pressure to thereby create a column of the material from the nozzle. A means for producing pressure modulations is located proximate the nozzle and is configured to substantially regulate formation of droplets from the column of the material. In addition, the system includes a charging ring configured to induce an electrical charge to selective ones of the droplets as they pass through the charging ring. One or more deflection plates is also included for altering a trajectory of the charged droplets.
Abstract:
A storage device including many field emitters in close proximity to a storage medium, and a micromover, all in a partial vacuum. Each field emitter can generate an electron beam current. The storage medium has many storage areas on it, with each field emitter responsible for a number of storage areas. Also, each storage area can be in a number of different states to represent the information stored in that area. In storing information to the storage device, the power density of an electron beam current is increased to change the state of the storage area bombarded by the electron beam current. In reading information from the device, the power density of the electron beam current is reduced to generate a signal current from the storage area bombarded by the electron beam current. During reading, the power density is selected to be low enough so that no writing occurs. The magnitude of the signal current depends on the states of the storage area. The information stored in the storage area is read by measuring the magnitudes of the signal current. Finally, the micromover can scan the storage medium with respect to the field emitters so that each field emitter can access many storage areas.
Abstract:
An assembly corresponding to a pixel includes sub-assemblies that each correspond to a sub-pixel of the pixel. At least one of the sub-assemblies includes a luminescent fluid, black particles and a mirror. The luminescent fluid converts wavelengths of light less than a conversion wavelength of the sub-assembly to the conversion wavelength. The black particles are positionable within luminescent fluid in accordance with a color to be displayed by the assembly. The mirror is disposed at a bottom end of the sub-assembly.
Abstract:
A reflective color pixel has a top surface for receiving ambient light for front lighting, a plurality of sub-pixels including a first sub-pixel, and a waveguide disposed underneath the sub-pixels for transmitting light for backlighting to the sub-pixels. The first sub-pixel includes a first luminescent material configured to absorb either the ambient light or the light for backlighting and generate light of a first color.