公开(公告)号：US20060204823A1

公开(公告)日：2006-09-14

申请号：US11073679

申请日：2005-03-08

申请人： Antonio Mazza ,  Nathaniel Joos ,  David Frank

发明人： Antonio Mazza ,  Nathaniel Joos ,  David Frank

IPC分类号： H01M8/02

CPC分类号： H01M8/2465 ,  H01M8/0202 ,  H01M8/2415 ,  H01M8/2483

摘要： An end assembly for an electrochemical cell stack is described. The end assembly includes an end plate having an outer face facing away from the cell stack and an inner face opposite the outer face. Passageways in the end plate that terminate at openings on the inner face allow process fluids to pass through the end plate. Overmolding on a portion of the passageways act as a protective barrier.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于电化学电池堆的端部组件。 端部组件包括具有背离电池堆的外表面和与外表面相对的内表面的端板。 端板上的通道在终止于内表面上的开口处，允许工艺流体通过端板。 通道的一部分上的包覆成型可以作为保护屏障。

公开(公告)号：US20050231030A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-20

申请号：US11082776

申请日：2005-03-18

申请人： David Frank

发明人： David Frank

IPC分类号： B60T8/17 ,  B64C25/42 ,  B60T8/18 ,  B60T8/86

CPC分类号： B64C25/426 ,  B60T8/1703

摘要： The invention relates to a method of braking an airplane having a plurality of wheels capable of being braked in controlled manner, the method comprising the step of applying braking to a first group of wheels of the airplane, and then after a time offset, applying braking to a second group of wheels of the airplane.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制动具有能够以受控方式制动的多个车轮的飞机的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：向飞机的第一组车轮施加制动，然后在时间偏移之后施加制动 到飞机的第二组轮子。

公开(公告)号：US20050196926A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US11113858

申请日：2005-04-25

申请人： Hussein Hanafi ,  David Frank ,  Kevin Chan

发明人： Hussein Hanafi ,  David Frank ,  Kevin Chan

IPC分类号： H01L21/336 ,  H01L31/0328

CPC分类号： H01L29/66545 ,  H01L29/665 ,  H01L29/66537 ,  H01L29/7842 ,  Y10S438/938

摘要： The present invention provides a method using a damascene-gate process to improve the transport properties of FETs through strain Si. Changes in mobility and FET characteristics are deliberately made in a Si or silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure through the introduction of local strain in the channel region, without introducing strain in the device source and drain regions. The method has the advantage of not straining the source and drain regions resulting in very low leakage junctions and also it does not require any special substrate preparation like the case of a strained Si/relaxed SiGe system. Moreover, the method is compatible with existing mainstream CMOS processing. The present invention also provides a CMOS device that has a localized strained Si channel that is formed using the method of the present invention.

公开(公告)号：US06916567B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-12

申请号：US10223706

申请日：2002-08-20

申请人： Joe Cargnelli ,  Jianming Ye ,  Xuesong Chen ,  Ravi B. Gopal ,  David Frank

发明人： Joe Cargnelli ,  Jianming Ye ,  Xuesong Chen ,  Ravi B. Gopal ,  David Frank

IPC分类号： B01D53/26 ,  F24F3/14 ,  F28D17/04 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/12

CPC分类号： F24F3/1423 ,  F24F2003/1458 ,  F24F2203/1004 ,  F24F2203/1032 ,  F24F2203/104 ,  F24F2203/1056 ,  F24F2203/1068 ,  F24F2203/1084 ,  F24F2203/1096 ,  F28D17/04 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  Y10T137/86533

摘要： Moisture recovery and humidification in a fuel cell system involving (i) intermittently switching each dryer in a plurality of dryers into and out of one of a first mode of operation for recovering moisture from an outgoing oxidant stream and a second mode of operation for humidifying an incoming oxidant stream such that during use at least one dryer is in the first mode of operation and at least one dryer is in the second mode of operation; (ii) directing the outgoing oxidant stream from the cathode through at least one dryer in the first mode of operation to recover moisture from the outgoing oxidant stream; and (iii) directing the incoming oxidant stream through at least one dryer in the second mode of operation to humidify the incoming oxidant stream with moisture.

摘要翻译： 在燃料电池系统中的水分恢复和加湿，包括（i）间歇地将多个干燥器中的每个干燥器切换成进出第一操作模式之一，以从出料氧化剂流中回收水分，以及第二操作模式，用于加湿 进入的氧化剂流，使得在使用期间，至少一个干燥器处于第一操作模式，并且至少一个干燥器处于第二操作模式; （ii）在第一操作模式中引导来自阴极的输出氧化剂流通过至少一个干燥器，以从输出的氧化剂流中回收水分; 和（iii）在第二操作模式中将进入的氧化剂流引导通过至少一个干燥器，以使潮湿地进入氧化剂流。

公开(公告)号：US20050091837A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10706925

申请日：2003-11-14

申请人： David Frank ,  Joseph Cargnelli ,  Lawrence Frisch ,  William Bradford ,  Myron Maxson ,  Brian Swanton ,  Howard Travis

发明人： David Frank ,  Joseph Cargnelli ,  Lawrence Frisch ,  William Bradford ,  Myron Maxson ,  Brian Swanton ,  Howard Travis

IPC分类号： F16J15/14 ,  C25B9/18 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/24 ,  H01M6/00 ,  B23P19/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/0284 ,  C25B9/18 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/0286 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/242 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  Y10T29/4911 ,  Y10T29/53135 ,  Y10T29/53139

摘要： A sealing technique is provided for forming complex and multiple seal configurations for fuel cells and other electrochemical cells. To provide a seal, for sealing chambers for oxidant, fuel and/or coolant, a groove network is provided extending through the various elements of the fuel cell assembly. A source of seal material is then connected to an external filling port and injected into the groove network, and the seal material is then cured to form the seal. There is thus formed a “seal in place”, that is robust and can accommodate variations in tolerances and dimensions, and that can be bonded, where possible, to individual elements of the fuel cell assembly. This avoids the difficulty, labor intensive cost and complexity of manually assembling many individual gaskets into complex groove shapes and the like. The seal material can be selected to be comparable with a wide variety of gases, liquid coolants and the like.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于形成用于燃料电池和其它电化学电池的复合和多重密封构造的密封技术。 为了提供用于氧化剂，燃料和/或冷却剂的密封室的密封件，提供了延伸穿过燃料电池组件的各种元件的凹槽网。 然后将密封材料源连接到外部填充口并注入凹槽网络中，然后将密封材料固化以形成密封。 因此，形成了“密封就位”，其是牢固的并且可以适应公差和尺寸的变化，并且可以在可能的情况下粘合到燃料电池组件的各个元件。 这避免了将许多单独的垫圈手动组装成复杂的槽形状的困难，劳动密集的成本和复杂性。 可以选择密封材料与各种各样的气体，液体冷却剂等相当。

公开(公告)号：US20050069749A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-31

申请号：US10917518

申请日：2004-08-13

申请人： David Frank ,  Nathaniel Joos ,  Xuesong Chen ,  Sonia Sorbera

发明人： David Frank ,  Nathaniel Joos ,  Xuesong Chen ,  Sonia Sorbera

IPC分类号： H01M2/08 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2483

摘要： Aspects of some embodiments of the present invention provide flow field plates that have been designed to potentially reduce the unit cost of each flow field plate employed in an electrochemical cell stack. Thus, for some embodiments of the present invention an electrochemical cell includes a number of flow field plates each having a number of manifold apertures that all have the same area. A first one of the manifold apertures is used for a first process gas/fluid and a second one of the manifold apertures is used for a second process gas/fluid. The manifold apertures on the flow field plates align to form elongate channels that extend through the electrochemical cell as described in more detail herein.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例的方面提供流场板，其被设计成潜在地降低在电化学电池堆中使用的每个流场板的单位成本。 因此，对于本发明的一些实施例，电化学电池包括多个流场板，每个流场板具有全部具有相同面积的多个歧管孔。 歧管孔中的第一个用于第一工艺气体/流体，并且第二个歧管孔用于第二工艺气体/流体。 流场板上的歧管孔对准以形成延伸通过电化学电池的细长通道，如本文更详细描述的。

公开(公告)号：US20050045972A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-03

申请号：US10650400

申请日：2003-08-28

申请人： Hussein Hanafi ,  David Frank ,  Kevin Chan

发明人： Hussein Hanafi ,  David Frank ,  Kevin Chan

IPC分类号： H01L21/336 ,  H01L29/76

CPC分类号： H01L29/66545 ,  H01L29/665 ,  H01L29/66537 ,  H01L29/7842 ,  Y10S438/938

摘要： The present invention provides a method using a damascene-gate process to improve the transport properties of FETs through strain Si. Changes in mobility and FET characteristics are deliberately made in a Si or silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure through the introduction of local strain in the channel region, without introducing strain in the device source and drain regions. The method has the advantage of not straining the source and drain regions resulting in very low leakage junctions and also it does not require any special substrate preparation like the case of a strained Si/relaxed SiGe system. Moreover, the method is compatible with existing mainstream CMOS processing. The present invention also provides a CMOS device that has a localized strained Si channel that is formed using the method of the present invention.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种使用镶嵌栅极工艺来改善FET通过应变Si的传输特性的方法。 迁移率和FET特性的变化是通过在沟道区域中引入局部应变而在Si或绝缘体上硅（SOI）结构中作出的，而不会在器件源极和漏极区域引入应变。 该方法的优点是不会使源极和漏极区域产生非常低的泄漏接头，并且也不需要像应变Si /弛豫SiGe系统那样的任何特殊的衬底制备。 此外，该方法与现有的主流CMOS处理兼容。 本发明还提供一种CMOS器件，其具有使用本发明的方法形成的局部应变Si沟道。

公开(公告)号：US20050043908A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-24

申请号：US10643193

申请日：2003-08-18

申请人： Azeez Bhavnagarwala ,  David Frank ,  Stephen Kosonocky

发明人： Azeez Bhavnagarwala ,  David Frank ,  Stephen Kosonocky

IPC分类号： G01R27/28 ,  G01R31/26 ,  G01R31/30 ,  G01R31/317 ,  G01R31/3173 ,  G01R31/3193 ,  G11C29/50

CPC分类号： G11C29/50004 ,  G01R31/2603 ,  G01R31/3016 ,  G01R31/31725 ,  G01R31/31727 ,  G01R31/3173 ,  G01R31/31937 ,  G11C11/41 ,  G11C29/50 ,  G11C2029/5002

摘要： Circuits and methods for measuring and characterizing random variations in device characteristics of semiconductor integrated circuit devices, which enable circuit designers to accurately measure and characterize random variations in device characteristics (such as transistor threshold voltage) between neighboring devices resulting from random sources such as dopant fluctuations and line edge roughness, for purposes of integrated circuit design and analysis. In one aspect, a method for characterizing random variations in device mismatch (e.g., threshold voltage mismatch) between a pair of device (e.g., transistors) is performed by obtaining subthreshold DC voltage characteristic data for the device pair, and then determining a distribution in voltage threshold mismatch for the device pair directly from the corresponding subthreshold DC voltage characteristic data. The voltage threshold mismatch distributions of different device pairs of a given circuit design can then be used to determine voltage threshold variations of the constituent circuit devices. The voltage threshold variation of the devices can be used to characterize the random variations of the given circuit.

摘要翻译： 用于测量和表征半导体集成电路器件的器件特性的随机变化的电路和方法，其使电路设计者能够精确地测量和表征由诸如掺杂剂波动的随机源产生的相邻器件之间的器件特性（例如晶体管阈值电压）的随机变化 和线边缘粗糙度，用于集成电路设计和分析。 在一方面，通过获得器件对的亚阈值DC电压特性数据来执行用于表征一对器件（例如，晶体管）之间的器件失配（例如，阈值电压失配）的随机变化的方法，然后确定器件对中的分布 直接从对应的亚阈值直流电压特性数据中的器件对的电压阈值失配。 然后可以使用给定电路设计的不同器件对的电压阈值失配分布来确定构成电路器件的电压阈值变化。 器件的电压阈值变化可用于表征给定电路的随机变化。

公开(公告)号：US06833207B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-21

申请号：US09986635

申请日：2001-11-09

申请人： Nathanial Ian Joos ,  David Frank ,  Joseph Cargnelli

发明人： Nathanial Ian Joos ,  David Frank ,  Joseph Cargnelli

IPC分类号： H01M818

CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0656 ,  H01M8/186 ,  Y02E60/528 ,  Y10S204/04

摘要： A regenerative fuel cell system, comprising an electrolyzer portion and a fuel cell portion; the electrolyzer portion has a closeable hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet in communication with the cathode of the electrolyzer portion for conducting hydrogen, a gas bypass having a gas bypass inlet and a gas bypass outlet for conducting oxidant gas for fuel cell reaction to the fuel cell portion, a water inlet and an oxygen-water outlet for exhausting oxygen generated in electrolyzer operation and coolant water from the fuel cell portion out of the electrolyzer portion; the fuel cell portion has a hydrogen inlet, a first closeable hydrogen outlet for exhausting excess hydrogen in fuel cell mode, a second closeable hydrogen outlet for exhausting hydrogen generated in the electrolyzer portion in electrolyzer mode, an oxidant gas inlet, an oxidant gas outlet, a coolant water inlet and a coolant water outlet; and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell portion being in communication with the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer portion; the oxidant gas inlet of the fuel cell portion being in communication with the gas bypass outlet of the electrolyzer portion; and the water inlet of the electrolyzer portion being in communication with the coolant water outlet of the fuel cell portion.

摘要翻译： 一种再生燃料电池系统，包括电解槽部分和燃料电池部分; 电解槽部分具有与用于导电氢的电解槽部分的阴极连通的可接近的氢气入口和氢气出口，具有气体旁路入口的气体旁路和用于将燃料电池反应的氧化剂气体导入燃料电池的气体旁路出口 用于排出在电解槽操作中产生的氧气的进水口和氧水出口，以及来自燃料电池部分的冷却水从电解槽部分出来; 燃料电池部分具有氢气入口，用于排出燃料电池模式中的过量氢的第一可闭合氢气出口，用于以电解器模式排出在电解器部分中产生的氢的第二可闭合氢气出口，氧化剂气体入口，氧化剂气体出口， 冷却水入口和冷却水出口; 燃料电池部的氢入口与电解槽部的氢出口连通; 燃料电池部分的氧化剂气体入口与电解槽部分的气体旁路出口连通; 并且电解槽部分的进水口与燃料电池部分的冷却水出口连通。

公开(公告)号：US06790546B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

申请号：US10086862

申请日：2002-03-04

申请人： Xuesong Chen ,  David Frank ,  Pierre Rivard ,  Joe Cargnelli

发明人： Xuesong Chen ,  David Frank ,  Pierre Rivard ,  Joe Cargnelli

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： H01M8/0625 ,  F23C2900/99001 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  Y02E20/342

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for humidifying fuel, and optionally oxidant, supplied to a fuel cell system, which can be a single fuel cell or a multiplicity of fuel cells. A catalytic reactor is provided, which is supplied with a portion of the fuel and the oxidant. The fuel is supplied in excess of the oxidant to the catalytic reactor, so as to generate a stream of fuel which is both heated and humidified. For a closed system, a heated and humidified fuel flow, and optionally a heated and humidified oxidant flow, are mixed with additional flows of these gases supplied to the fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和装置，其用于加油燃料，并且可选地被提供给燃料电池系统，燃料电池系统可以是单个燃料电池或多个燃料电池。 提供了催化反应器，其供应有一部分燃料和氧化剂。 将燃料供给超过氧化剂至催化反应器，以产生加热和加湿的燃料流。 对于封闭系统，加热和加湿的燃料流以及任选的加热和加湿的氧化剂流与供应到燃料电池的这些气体的额外流混合。