摘要:
An aerogel substrate useful for an electrically conductive substrate, a heat insulating substrate, an optical waveguide substrate, a substrate for a light emitting device or a light emitting device is provided. The aerogel substrate is characterized by comprising a functional layer and an aerogel layer, and an intermediate layer formed between the functional layer and the aerogel layer to allow the functional layer to be formed uniformly thereon. The intermediate layer is formed on at least one surface of the aerogel layer by a gas phase method, by the Langmuir-Blodgett method or by adsorption of an inorganic layered compound; or formed by a hydrophilicizing treatment of at least one surface of the aerogel layer followed by coating and drying an aqueous coating fluid, by an annealing treatment of at least one surface of the aerogel layer, or by a hydrophilicizing treatment of at least one surface of the aerogel layer.
摘要:
An image input apparatus has a pan head for mounting an image pickup device thereon and for changing the image pickup direction of the image pickup device. The image pickup device has an engaging device, and control terminals capable of transmitting specification information about an operation of the pan head from the image pickup device to the pan head. The pan head has a holding device to be engaged with the engaging device so as to interchangeably hold the image pickup device, identifying terminals capable of receiving the specification information when the image pickup device is held by the holding device, and a selection circuit for selecting an operation of the pan head corresponding to the held image pickup device based on the received specification information.
摘要:
A pattern size evaluation apparatus comprising an illumination optical system for projecting parallel light rays of a predetermined wavelength on a monitoring area formed on an object, the monitoring area being formed at a position different from a device pattern formed on the object, a light intensity detection optical system for detecting diffracted light from the monitoring area, and a device pattern size evaluation section for evaluating a size of the device pattern based on an intensity of diffracted light from the monitoring area.
摘要:
A semiconductor integrated device has a detection cell arranged in a power-supply line in the semiconductor integrated device and detecting a power-supply voltage. Further, a detection circuit detects a voltage drop of the power-supply voltage detected by the detection cell. Connection wiring connects the detection cell and the detection circuit and outputs the power-supply voltage detected by the detection cell to the detection circuit.
摘要:
In an optical element (B1) prepared by integrally forming, on surfaces of a transparent member, a refracting surface (R2) for receiving a light beam, a plurality of reflecting surfaces (R3, R4, R5) with curvatures, and a refracting surface (R6) for outputting the light beam reflected by the plurality of reflecting surfaces, a reference portion (7) for defining the position of the optical element in a predetermined direction with respect to a Y′-Z′ plane including an incident reference axis (5) and an exit reference axis (5) of at least one reflecting surface of the optical element (B1) is formed on the optical element.
摘要:
According to the present invention, piracy of secret data is prevented without an attack detecting circuit or data deleting circuit. In a secret data processing unit, a cell contains fluid in a sealed space. Code generators arranged in the sealed space receive a code generation request to generate codes specified by the pressure value of the fluid. A key generator disposed in the sealed space generates encryption keys/decryption keys specified by the generated codes. An encryptor/decryptor also disposed in the sealed space receives requests for secret data encryption/requests for encrypted secret data decryption, and outputs code generation requests to the code generator to encrypt the secret data/decrypt the encrypted secret data by using the generated encryption key/decryption key. Both codes and encryption keys/decryption keys generated and used, are not statically stored in the cryptographic processing unit.
摘要:
A method of testing a semiconductor integrated circuit device including a defective chip recognition circuit unit so that in testing a DRAM unit, if the DRAM unit cannot be made to conform to a specification, even using a redundancy circuit, defective data can be written in the defective chip recognition circuit unit. The method includes deciding whether a DRAM unit conforms and deciding whether a DRAM unit judged imperfect can be conformed using a redundancy circuit; deciding whether the semiconductor integrated circuit device is defective when the DRAM unit has been judged defective and writing the defective decision data into a defective chip recognition circuit unit; reading the defective decision data in the defective chip recognition circuit unit and deciding whether to test the logic unit; testing the logic unit when the test of the logic unit is to be performed; and deciding whether the logic unit conforms.
摘要:
A wideband semiconductor electro-absorption optical modulator including a semiconductor core shorter in absorption-peak wavelength than a wavelength of optical signal, and an electrode for applying an electric signal to absorb the optical signal by shifting the absorption-peak wavelength to a long wavelength region when a voltage is applied, wherein an electric signal input port and an electric signal output port are disposed so that the electrode is constructed in the form of a traveling-wave electrode, and a total thickness of non-doped layers including the semiconductor core is reduced to decrease a driving voltage. Degradation of optical modulation bandwidth and reflection characteristics of the electric signal caused by mismatching of characteristic impedance to an outer circuit are reduced by decreasing an interaction length of the electric signal and the optical signal. Further, mismatching of characteristic impedance is corrected by adjusting a doping concentration of a p-type or n-type doped layer located above or beneath the semiconductor core.
摘要:
An exposure mask includes a transparent substrate having a light shielding pattern and an aperture pattern thereon for transmitting an exposure light and arranged in that any two adjacent apertures of the same pattern size in the aperture pattern are different from each other in the etched depth, wherein a difference between the aperture pattern size and its adjacent light shielding pattern size, and the trench depth in the aperture pattern are determined by a sum of the aperture pattern size and its adjacent light shielding pattern size.
摘要:
An optical transmission line is formed and thereafter solidified using an optical transmission line forming material in the fluid condition. The optical transmission line formed between optical transmission terminals assures higher reliability and never generates disconnection or internal stress therein.