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    Apparatus and method for simultaneous supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography
    41.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for simultaneous supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography 失效
    用于同时超临界流体萃取和气相色谱仪的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5205154A

    公开(公告)日：1993-04-27

    申请号：US786252

    申请日：1991-11-01

    申请人： Milton L. Lee ,  Paul B. Farnsworth ,  Zaiyou Liu

    发明人： Milton L. Lee ,  Paul B. Farnsworth ,  Zaiyou Liu

    IPC分类号： B01D11/02 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/06 ,  G01N30/08 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N30/62

    CPC分类号： B01D11/0203 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N2030/062 ,  G01N2030/085 ,  G01N2030/3076 ,  G01N2030/621 ,  G01N2030/623 ,  G01N30/02

    摘要： A system and method for carrying out supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography simultaneously. Sample substances contained in solid (or liquid) matrices are extracted by means of supercritical fluid extraction and carried directly onto a thermal desorption modulator which functions as an interface between the extraction and chromatography systems. Analytes carried by the supercritical fluid are retained in the modulator while the fluid passes through during the cool cycle of the modulator. A thermal pulse raises the temperature of the modulator and releases retained substances, serving as a sharp injection of such substances into a fast separating column to provide high-speed separations. A complete chromatogram with reasonable resolution is generated within a few seconds time period. Thermal modulation signals at a fixed time interval are so chosen that the consequent chromatograms do not interfere with one another. A series of high-speed chromatograms are generated during one extraction, and the extraction and the chromatography are carried out simultaneously. Assemble signal averaging provides a higher signal to noise ratio. Segmented signal averaging of a number of consecutive chromatograms generated from one extraction is similar to off-line fraction collection, but the speed of analysis is substantially enhanced without sacrificing analytical accuracy.

    摘要翻译： 同时进行超临界流体萃取和气相色谱的系统和方法。 通过超临界流体萃取提取固体（或液体）基质中所含的样品物质，并直接携带到用作提取和色谱系统之间界面的热解吸附调节剂上。 当调节器的冷循环期间流体通过时，由超临界流体携带的分析物保留在调制器中。 热脉冲提高调节器的温度并释放保留的物质，用作将这些物质急剧注入快速分离塔以提供高速分离。 在几秒钟的时间内就会产生一个合理分辨率的完整色谱图。 选择固定时间间隔的热调制信号，使得随后的色谱图不会相互干扰。 在一次提取过程中产生一系列高速色谱图，同时进行提取和色谱。 组合信号平均提供更高的信噪比。 从一次提取产生的多个连续色谱图的分段信号平均与离线馏分收集相似，但分析速度显着增强，而不牺牲分析精度。

    Chromatographic technique and apparatus
    42.
    发明授权
    Chromatographic technique and apparatus 失效
    色谱技术和设备

    公开(公告)号：US5135549A

    公开(公告)日：1992-08-04

    申请号：US647790

    申请日：1991-01-30

    申请人： John B. Phillips ,  Zaiyou Liu

    发明人： John B. Phillips ,  Zaiyou Liu

    IPC分类号： G01N30/08 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N30/46 ,  G01N30/54 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/86

    CPC分类号： G01N30/30 ,  G01N2001/2229 ,  G01N2030/122 ,  G01N2030/123 ,  G01N2030/303 ,  G01N2030/3076 ,  G01N2030/567 ,  G01N2030/623 ,  G01N30/463 ,  G01N30/6047 ,  G01N30/8658

    摘要： To provide a compact, sensitive comprehensive, two-dimensional gas chromatograph, a chromatographic column has first and second sections in series with each other to permit the flow of sample and a carrier through the first section and the second section. The retention time of the second section is less than the band resolution time of the first section. To control the wave fronts between the first and second sections, first and second heaters are positioned to heat and drive off sample collected at the outlet of the first section for collection in the second section and to heat sample collected at the inlet of the second section so that the first heater rapidly drives off sample for collection in the second section and then the second section rapidly drives off sample in a sharp wave front while the first section is accumulating another band for later movement into the second section.

    摘要翻译： 为了提供紧凑，灵敏的综合二维气相色谱仪，色谱柱具有彼此串联的第一和第二部分，以允许样品和载体流过第一部分和第二部分。 第二部分的保持时间小于第一部分的频带分辨率时间。 为了控制第一和第二部分之间的波峰，第一和第二加热器被定位成加热和驱除在第一部分的出口处收集的样品，以在第二部分中收集并加热在第二部分的入口收集的样品 使得第一加热器在第二部分中快速驱离样品以进行收集，然后第二部分快速驱动尖锐波前的样品，同时第一部分积累另一条带以用于稍后移动到第二部分中。

    Softener active derived from acylated triethanolamine
    48.
    发明授权
    Softener active derived from acylated triethanolamine 有权
    由酰化三乙醇胺衍生的柔软剂

    公开(公告)号：US06486121B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-11-26

    申请号：US09424135

    申请日：1999-11-18

    申请人： Errol Hoffman Wahl ,  Toan Trinh ,  Eugene Robert Carr ,  James J. MacDonald ,  Zaiyou Liu ,  Alex Haejoon Chung

    发明人： Errol Hoffman Wahl ,  Toan Trinh ,  Eugene Robert Carr ,  James J. MacDonald ,  Zaiyou Liu ,  Alex Haejoon Chung

    IPC分类号： C11D162

    CPC分类号： C11D3/0015 ,  C11D1/62

    摘要： Fabric softener compounds having the formula: [RC(O)]nN+(R1)mX− wherein each R in a compound is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, preferably having an IV from about 70 to about 140 based upon the IV of the equivalent fatty acid, n is a number from 1 to three on the weight average in any mixture of compounds, each R1 in a compound is a C1-3 alkyl or hydroxy alkyl group, the total of n and the number of R1 groups that are hydroxyethyl groups equaling 3, n+m=4 and X is a softener compatible anion, preferably methyl sulfate, the compound, or mixtures of such compounds, having (a) either a Hunter “L” transmission of at least about 85, typically from about 85 to about 95, preferably from about 90 to about 95, more preferably above about 95, if possible, (b) only non-detectable levels, at the conditions of use, of odorous compounds selected from the group consisting of: isopropyl acetate, which should be, less than about 5, preferably less than about 3, and more preferably less than about 2, &eegr;g/L.; 2,2′-ethylidenebis(oxy)bispropane, which should be less than about 200, preferably less than about 100, more preferably less than about 10, and even more preferably less than about 5, &eegr;g/L.; 1,3,5-trioxane, which should be less than about 50, preferably less than about 20, more preferably less than about 10, and even more preferably less than about 7, &eegr;g/L.; and/or each short chain fatty acid (4-12, especially 6-10, carbon atoms) ester, especially methyl esters, which should be less than about 4, preferably less than about 3, and more preferably less than about 2, &eegr;g/L. or (c) preferably, both. The fabric softener actives are preferably prepared in the presence of chelating agent and/or antioxidant, as disclosed herein. Such materials are new. Solvents can be present.

    摘要翻译： 具有下式的织物柔软剂化合物：[RC（O）] nN +（R1）mX-其中化合物中的每个R是C6-C22烃基，优选具有约70至约140的IV，基于当量的IV 脂肪酸，n是任何化合物混合物中重量平均值为1至3的数，化合物中的每个R 1为C 1-3烷基或羟基烷基，n为总数，R 1基团为羟乙基 基团等于3，n + m = 4，X是柔软剂相容的阴离子，优选甲基硫酸盐，化合物或这些化合物的混合物，其具有（a）至少约85的亨特“L”透射率，通常为约 如果可能的话，（85）至约95，优选约90-约95，更优选高于约95，（b）在使用条件下，只有不可检测的含量选自乙酸异丙酯， 其应当小于约5，优选小于约3，更优选小于约2，etag / L 。 2,2'-亚乙基双（氧）双丙烷，其应小于约200，优选小于约100，更优选小于约10，甚至更优选小于约5，etag / L。 1,3,5-三恶烷，其应当小于约50，优选小于约20，更优选小于约10，甚至更优选小于约7，etag / L。 和/或每个短链脂肪酸（4-12，特别是6-10个碳原子）酯，特别是甲酯，其应当小于约4，优选小于约3，更优选小于约2，etag / L。 或（c）优选两者。 织物柔软剂活性剂优选在本文公开的螯合剂和/或抗氧化剂存在下制备。 这些材料是新的。 溶剂可以存在。

    Apparatus and method of multi-dimensional chemical separation
    49.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method of multi-dimensional chemical separation 失效
    多维化学分离装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US5196039A

    公开(公告)日：1993-03-23

    申请号：US846330

    申请日：1992-03-06

    申请人： John B. Phillips ,  Zaiyou Liu

    发明人： John B. Phillips ,  Zaiyou Liu

    IPC分类号： G01N1/22 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N30/46 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/86

    CPC分类号： G01N30/463 ,  G01N27/44773 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N2001/2229 ,  G01N2030/122 ,  G01N2030/123 ,  G01N2030/303 ,  G01N2030/567 ,  G01N2030/623 ,  G01N30/461 ,  G01N30/465 ,  G01N30/6047 ,  G01N30/8658

    摘要： A practical device and method of performing comprehensive multi-dimensional chemical separation using a first dimension of a two-dimensional chromatograph to generate a chromatogram in a time comparable to or even faster than common practice while the second dimension generates multiple chromatograms each in a time comparable to the fastest prior art chromatography. The transfer of sample portions from the first dimension to the second dimension is by any one of several sample stream modulation techniques. These techniques accumulate portions of sample between the first and the second dimensions transferring them as very sharp concentration pulses analogous to fast injections, without loss of sample and with a substantial improvement in sensitivity.

    摘要翻译： 使用二维色谱仪的第一维进行全面多维化学分离的实用装置和方法，以在与常规实践相当或甚至更快的时间产生色谱图，而第二维度在时间上产生多个色谱图 到最快的现有技术色谱。 样本部分从第一维度传递到第二维度是通过几种样本流调制技术中的任何一种。 这些技术在第一和第二维之间累积样品的部分，将它们作为类似于快速注射的非常尖锐的浓度脉冲转移，而不损失样品并且具有显着的灵敏度提高。