摘要:
A method of improving fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine such as an automobile and controlling exhaust emission, comprising the steps of accommodating a chemical element conversion substance including an Inoue ore produced in the vicinity of Nango of Seta River at the southernmost part of the Lake Biwa and natural radioactive ores such as neutrons and gamma-rays in a fuel strainer of a fluid passageway (1), allowing a fuel such as gasoline or light oil to flow through this passageway (1) and irradiating the fuel with radioactive rays to improve the fuel.
摘要翻译:一种提高诸如汽车的内燃机的燃料效率并控制废气排放的方法,包括以下步骤:在湖的最南部部分容纳包括在Seta River Nango附近生产的Inoue矿石的化学元素转化物质 Biwa和在流体通道(1)的燃料过滤器中的中子和γ射线的天然放射性矿石,允许诸如汽油或轻油的燃料流过该通道(1)并用放射线照射燃料以改善 燃料。
摘要:
This invention is effective in the speeding up of a decoder circuit and maintenance of output amplitude. The invention is characterized in that, in a decoder circuit composed of a multi-emitter transistor or at least one diode group in which the anodes of a plurality of diodes are connected, and a charge circuit having an output emitter follower transistor, the multi-emitter transistor or the forward voltage of the diodes are larger than the voltage between the base and the emitter of the output emitter follower transistor.
摘要:
A speed control apparatus for DC motor (1), comprises a bridge circuit formed by the winding of the motor (1), a resistor (2) series thereto, and two resistors (3 and 4). Therein, a reference voltage (E.sub.r) is produced by dividing a voltage V.sub.ref of a constant voltage circuit (20) by a divider network (21+22). The voltage difference this reference voltage (E.sub.r) and a voltage produced across the detection output terminals "a" and "b" which is proportional to a counter electromotive force (E.sub.a) of the DC motor (1) is amplified by a differential amplifier (23+24). A current mirror circuit is formed by transistors (16), (17) and (18). The first transistor (16) regulated of its collector current (I.sub.r) by a constant current circuit (19) controls collector current of the second transistor (17), which controls input current of the constant voltage circuit (20). The third transistor (18) regulated of its collector current constantly controls the input current to the differential amplifier (23+24) for controlling the transistor (7) to control the motor current.
摘要:
A structure of a cylinder assembly of an internal combustion engine has a coolant circulating system for cooling the cylinder assembly while the engine is driving. The cylinder assembly generally comprises a cylinder block formed therein a plurality of engine cylinder in line, and a cylinder head sealingly mounted on the cylinder block. The coolant circulating system comprises a coolant chamber formed within the cylinder block so that it surrounds substantial part of each engine cylinder, a return passage formed in the cylinder head. The coolant chamber communicates with the return passage through a plurality of vertical passages. Adjacent the top of the vertical passage, there is provided with a projecting portion inwardly projecting thereto. A sloped passage is formed within a partition disposed between each of adjacent engine cylinder. The upper end of the sloped passage is opened at the projecting portion at right angle to the planar surface of the projecting portion. By forming the projecting portion within the vertical passage and forming the sloped passage extending therefrom at right angle, it makes easy to form the sloped passage within the partition. Further, by forming the sloped passage as the manner mentioned above, the cylinder assembly is easily prevented from leakage of coolant and/or air/fuel mixture discharged to the engine cylinder.
摘要:
An insulated gate field effect transistor formed on one main surface of a semiconductor substrate comprises a drain region the impurity concentration of which is lower than twice that of the semiconductor substrate and the conductivity type is reverse to that of the substrate and a region of a high impurity concentration, formed in the low impurity concentration region, the conductivity type of which is the same as that of the low impurity concentration region.
摘要:
A salt represented by the formula (X): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, L1 represents a C1-C17 divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, ring W1 represents a C4-C36 lactone ring, R3 is a C1-C6 alkyl group etc., t represents an integer of 0 to 2, Z+ represents an organic counter ion, and W10 represents a group represented by the formula (X-1): wherein L2 represents a single bond etc., ring W2 represents a C3-C36 saturated hydrocarbon ring in which one —CH2— is replaced by —CO— and in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, R1 represents a C1-C12 hydrocarbon group, R2 is a C1-C6 alkyl group etc., and s represents an integer of 0 to 2, or a group represented by the formula (X-2): wherein L3 represents a C1-C17 divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, ring W3 represents a C3-C36 saturated hydrocarbon ring, R4 is a hydroxyl group etc., R5 is a C1-C6 alkyl group etc., v represents an integer of 1 to 3, and w represents an integer of 0 to 2.
摘要:
The present invention provides a resin which generates an acid by irradiation and is a salt of an organic cation and an anionic polymer wherein the anionic polymer has no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond. The present invention further provides a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the same.
摘要:
The surface length of a metal subject to be inspected is evaluated by detecting an eddy current without using a combination of a scale and visual or liquid penetrant inspection. An exciting coil and a detecting coil are scanned above the subject in a length direction. An eddy current detector measures an output voltage corresponding to scanning positions based on an output from the detecting coil. Based on an output voltage distribution curve indicating a distribution of output voltages corresponding to the scanning positions, position information is extracted corresponding to values which are within a differential voltage range and lower by 12 dB than a maximum value of the output voltages on the left and right sides of the distribution. A distance between the positions included in the extracted information is calculated to evaluate the length of a slit which is a defect present on the subject surface.
摘要:
A novel laminate is provided to improve the operating stability of thioaluminate based phosphors used in ac thick film dielectric electroluminescent displays. The novel structure comprises a rare earth activated alkaline earth thioaluminate phosphor thin film layer and an aluminum oxide or aluminum oxynitride layer provided directly adjacent and in contact with the bottom of the phosphor thin film layer. The invention is particularly applicable to phosphors used in electroluminescent displays that employ thick dielectric layers subject to high processing temperatures to form and activate the phosphor films.
摘要:
A salt represented by the formula (I): wherein X represents a C1-C12 divalent linear or branched chain hydrocarbon group, Y represents a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group which may be substituted with at least one substituent, and at least one —CH2— in the C1-C30 hydrocarbon group may be substituted with —O— or —CO—, Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, and A+ represents an organic counter ion. The present invention further provides a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the salt represented by the above-mentioned formula (I).