Abstract:
Embodiments relate to a method for forming a conductive plug of a semiconductor device that may include preparing a semiconductor substrate having multilayer metal interconnections, forming interlayer insulating layers above the semiconductor substrate, etching part of each interlayer insulating layer such that each multilayer metal connection is exposed, and forming a via hole, depositing a conductive layer such that the via hole is filled, and performing chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) on the conductive layer such that each interlayer insulating layer is exposed, and forming the plug. The step of performing the CMP on the conductive layer may be performed using a polishing pad having a polishing speed of about 3200 angstroms/min to about 5000 angstroms/min.
Abstract:
Polishing heads to polish the surface of a semiconductor wafer and methods of using the same are disclosed. A disclosed polishing head includes at least one rotating head to apply a downward force; and a plurality of vacuum cells to hold the wafer via a vacuum force and to convey a least some of the downward force from the at least one rotating head to the wafer.
Abstract:
A Frequency Assignment (FA) is increased by adding an RF module included on a single board and a beacon function is effected by adding a beacon module included on a single board in designing a small-sized base station transceiver subsystem using a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) scheme. It is possible to increase the FA by adding the RF module including a radio transceiver and a digital logic circuit on a single board separately from a small-sized base station transceiver subsystem in a small-sized base station transceiver subsystem without adding the small-sized base station transceiver subsystem. It is also possible to effect a beacon function for performing a handoff of a terminal by adding a beacon module included on a single board to the small-sized base station transceiver subsystem.
Abstract:
A water soluble semiconductor nanocrystal capable of light emission is provided, including a quantum dot having a selected band gap energy, a layer overcoating the quantum dot, the overcoating layer comprised of a material having a band gap energy greater than that of the quantum dot, and an organic outer layer, the organic layer comprising a compound having a least one linking group for attachment of the compound to the overcoating layer and at least one hydrophilic group space apart from the linking group by a hydrophobic region sufficient to prevent electron charge transfer across the hydrophobic region. The particle size of the nanocrystal core is in the range of about 12Å to about 150Å, with a deviation of less than 10% in the core. The coated nanocrystal exhibits photoluminescende having quantum yield of greater than 10% in water.
Abstract:
A water-soluble semiconductor nanocrystal capable of light emission is provided. The nanocrystal including a semiconductor nanocrystal core having a selected band gap energy, a shell layer overcoating the core comprised of a semiconductor material having a band gap energy greater than that of the semiconductor nanocrystal, and an outer layer comprised of a molecule having at least one linking group for attachment of the molecule to the overcoating shell layer and at least one hydrophilic group optionally spaced apart from the linking group by a hydrophobic region sufficient to prevent electron charge transfer across the hydrophobic region.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a novel family of C-type lectins from vertebrates. As specifically exemplified, this family of lectins includes a melibiose-specific lectin (XL35) from Xenopus laevis oocytes, and two human lectins, HL-3 and HL-13, specifically expressed in endothelial cells such as blood vessels, stomach, small intestine, heart and tissue and in small intestine, respectively. Amino acid sequences of the lectin proteins are provided herein, together with the nucleotide sequences encoding these proteins.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a battery pack case in which a battery module having a plurality of stacked battery cells or unit modules (‘unit cells’) is mounted, wherein the battery pack case is provided at the upper part and the lower part thereof with a coolant inlet port and a coolant outlet port, respectively, which are directed in opposite directions such that a coolant to cool the unit cells can flow from one side to the other side of the battery module in a direction perpendicular to a cell stacking direction, the battery pack case is further provided with a flow space (‘coolant introduction part’) extending from the coolant inlet port to the battery module and another flow space (‘coolant discharge part’) extending from the battery module to the coolant outlet port, and the flow channel width of the coolant introduction part and/or the flow channel width of the coolant discharge part is greater than that of each of the unit cells, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the coolant.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a middle or large-sized battery pack having a plurality of electrically connected battery modules, the middle or large-sized battery pack including an electrode terminal connecting device, wherein the electrode terminal connecting device includes a conductive connecting member coupled to electrode terminals of the battery modules to electrically connect the electrode terminals of the battery modules to each other and a shut-off cutter mounted to the conductive connecting member to shut off the circuit of the conductive connecting member when impact is applied to the battery pack in the longitudinal direction of the battery pack.
Abstract:
The present invention provides nano-sized particles of melanin, and the method for formation of the melanin particles comprise the following steps: adding a base to a dopamine.H+X−-containing solution (wherein H+X− is an acid) and allowing an acid-base neutralization reaction; and forming nano-sized particles of melanin by controlling the addition of nucleic dopamine.H+X− (a) to base (b) at a ratio of a:b=1:0.1-1, and allow concurrent or consecutive formation of melanin by oxidation curing of the dopamine in air (polymerization). The manufacturing method according to the present invention can produce nano-sized melanin particles in a short period of time. Furthermore, the nano-sized melanin particles made according to the present invention are distinctive from conventional solvents containing dispersions of natural melanin and synthetic melanin, and have excellent application in various fields.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a battery cartridge configured in a frame structure to mount a plate-shaped battery cell therein, the battery cartridge comprising a pair of plate-shaped frames configured to fix the outer circumference of the battery cell in a state in which at least one side of the battery cell is open, wherein each of the frames is provided at the outside thereof with an elastic pressing member configured to fix a heat dissipation member to the open side of the battery cell in a tight contact manner upon manufacture of a battery module.