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    Pilot Symbol Patterns for Transmission via a Plurality of Antennas
    51.
    发明申请
    Pilot Symbol Patterns for Transmission via a Plurality of Antennas 审中-公开
    通过多个天线传输的先导符号模式

    公开(公告)号：US20160359652A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-12-08

    申请号：US15226101

    申请日：2016-08-02

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Jianglei Ma ,  Ming Jia ,  Wen Tong ,  Peiying Zhu ,  Hang Zhang ,  Hua Xu ,  Dong-Sheng Yu

    IPC: H04L27/26 ,  H04L25/02 ,  H04L5/00 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/08

    CPC classification number: H04L27/2611 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/08 ,  H04L5/0007 ,  H04L5/0023 ,  H04L25/0226 ,  H04L25/0232 ,  H04L27/2626 ,  H04L27/2647

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving channel estimation within an OFDM communication system. Channel estimation in OFDM is usually performed with the aid of pilot symbols. The pilot symbols are typically spaced in time and frequency. The set of frequencies and times at which pilot symbols are inserted is referred to as a pilot pattern. In some cases, the pilot pattern is a diagonal-shaped lattice, either regular or irregular. The method first interpolates in the direction of larger coherence (time or frequency). Using these measurements, the density of pilot symbols in the direction of faster change will be increased thereby improving channel estimation without increasing overhead. As such, the results of the first interpolating step can then be used to assist the interpolation in the dimension of smaller coherence (time or frequency).

    Abstract translation: 一种用于改善OFDM通信系统内的信道估计的方法和装置。 OFDM中的信道估计通常借助于导频符号来执行。 导频符号通常在时间和频率上间隔开。 将导频符号插入的频率和时间的集合称为导频模式。 在一些情况下，导频图案是对角线形格子，规则的或不规则的。 该方法首先在较大相干性（时间或频率）的方向内插。 使用这些测量，导频符号在更快变化方向上的密度将增加，从而改善信道估计而不增加开销。 因此，第一内插步骤的结果然后可以用于辅助尺寸较小的相干性（时间或频率）的内插。

    Wireless Feedback System and Method
    56.
    发明申请
    Wireless Feedback System and Method 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20160006492A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-01-07

    申请号：US14853539

    申请日：2015-09-14

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Wen Tong ,  Hosein Nikopour ,  Amir Khandani ,  Hua Xu ,  Ming Jia ,  Peiying Zhu ,  Dong-sheng Yu

    IPC: H04B7/04 ,  H04B7/06

    CPC classification number: H04B7/0478 ,  H04B7/0417 ,  H04B7/0456 ,  H04B7/0634 ,  H04B7/0639 ,  H04L69/04 ,  H04L69/14

    Abstract: A codebook C is provided in a MIMO transmitter as well as a MIMO receiver. The codebook C will include M codewords ci, where i is a unique codeword index for each codeword ci. Each codeword defines weighting factors to apply to the MIMO signals, and may correspond to channel matrices or vectors to apply to the MIMO signals prior to transmission from the respective antennas of the MIMO transmitter. The present invention creates codeword subsets S1 for each codeword c1 of the codebook C. Each codeword subset S1 defines L codewords cj, which are selected from all the codewords ci in the codebook C. The codewords cj in a codeword subset S1 are the L codewords in the entire codebook that best correlate with the corresponding codeword ci.

    Communication Systems and Methods
    57.
    发明申请
    Communication Systems and Methods 审中-公开
    通信系统与方法

    公开(公告)号：US20150295632A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-10-15

    申请号：US14746972

    申请日：2015-06-23

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Hua Xu ,  Jianglei Ma ,  Ming Jia

    IPC: H04B7/06 ,  H04W72/12 ,  H04W52/42 ,  H04L5/00 ,  H04L1/06 ,  H04L1/18

    CPC classification number: H04B7/0669 ,  H04L1/0073 ,  H04L1/0668 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1861 ,  H04L5/0055 ,  H04W52/42 ,  H04W72/1263 ,  H04W72/1278

    Abstract: In accordance with embodiments, a communication system includes a first device and a second device in communication with the first device. The second device has at least a first pair and a second pair of antennas. The second device spreads a communication bit by a predetermined spreading factor and forms a first set of spatial block codes in frequency domain based on the spread communication bit. The first set of spatial block codes being consecutively transmitted on one of the first and second pairs of antennas.

    Abstract translation: 根据实施例，通信系统包括与第一设备通信的第一设备和第二设备。 第二装置具有至少第一对和第二对天线。 第二设备以预定的扩展因子扩展通信位，并且基于扩展通信位在频域中形成第一组空间块码。 第一组空间块码在第一和第二对天线之一上连续发射。

    Method and systems for OFDM using code division multiplexing
    59.
    发明授权
    Method and systems for OFDM using code division multiplexing 有权
    使用码分复用的OFDM方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US08976843B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-03-10

    申请号：US14079131

    申请日：2013-11-13

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Jianglei Ma ,  Ming Jia ,  Wen Tong ,  Peiying Zhu ,  Hua Zhu ,  Hang Zhang ,  Mo-Han Fong

    IPC: H04B1/707 ,  H04J13/00 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04L5/00 ,  H04L25/02 ,  H04L27/26 ,  H04J13/16 ,  H04L25/03

    CPC classification number: H04J13/0003 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04B7/0404 ,  H04B7/0678 ,  H04J13/00 ,  H04J13/16 ,  H04L5/0016 ,  H04L5/0026 ,  H04L5/0048 ,  H04L5/005 ,  H04L25/0204 ,  H04L25/0226 ,  H04L25/0232 ,  H04L25/03866 ,  H04L27/2613 ,  H04L27/2627 ,  H04W72/044

    Abstract: In some embodiments of the invention, OFDM symbols are transmitted as a plurality of clusters. A cluster includes a plurality of OFDM sub-carriers in frequency, over a plurality of OFDM symbol durations in time. Each cluster includes data as well as pilot information as a reference signal for channel estimation. In some embodiments, a plurality of clusters collectively occupy the available sub-carrier set in the frequency domain that is used for transmission. In some embodiments of the invention data and/or pilots are spread within each cluster using code division multiplexing (CDM). In some embodiments pilots and data are separated by distributing data on a particular number of the plurality of OFDM symbol durations and pilots on a remainder of the OFDM symbol durations. CDM spreading can be performed in time and/or frequency directions.

    Abstract translation: 在本发明的一些实施例中，OFDM符号作为多个簇发送。 在多个OFDM符号持续时间内，群集包括频率上的多个OFDM子载波。 每个簇包括数据以及作为信道估计的参考信号的导频信息。 在一些实施例中，多个集群共同地占用用于传输的频域中的可用子载波集合。 在本发明的一些实施例中，使用码分多路复用（CDM）在每个簇内扩展数据和/或导频。 在一些实施例中，通过在OFDM码元持续时间的其余部分上分配关于多个OFDM符号持续时间的特定数目和导频上的数据来分离导频和数据。 可以在时间和/或频率方向上执行CDM扩展。

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