Antifoams for the paper industry, based on oil-in-water emulsions
    52.
    发明授权
    Antifoams for the paper industry, based on oil-in-water emulsions 失效
    用于造纸工业的消泡剂,基于水包油乳液

    公开(公告)号:US5326499A

    公开(公告)日:1994-07-05

    申请号:US933191

    申请日:1992-08-20

    摘要: Antifoams for the paper industry are based on oil-in-water emulsions in which the oil phase accounts for from 5 to 50% by weight of the emulsion and contains(a) an alcohol of not less than 12 carbon atoms, fatty esters of alcohols of not less than 22 carbon atoms and C.sub.1 -C.sub.36 -carboxylic acids, distillation residues which are obtainable in the preparation of alcohols having a relatively large number of carbon atoms by the oxo synthesis or by the Ziegler method and which may be alkoxylated, a mixture of the stated compounds and/or(b) a fatty ester of a C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 -carboxylic acid with a monohydric to trihydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alcohol and, if required,(c) a hydrocarbon having a boiling point above 200.degree. C. or a fatty acid of 12 to 22 carbon atoms,in combination with(d) from 1 to 80% by weight of polyglyceryl esters which can be prepared by not less than 20% esterification of a polyglycerol mixture which contains, as essential components, di-, tri- and tetraglycerol and, if required, polyglycerols having higher degrees of condensation with saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 -C.sub.36 -fatty acids.

    摘要翻译: 用于造纸工业的消泡剂基于水包油乳液,其中油相占乳液的5至50重量%,并且包含(a)不少于12个碳原子的醇,醇的脂肪醇 不少于22个碳原子和C 1 -C 36羧酸,可通过氧代合成或通过齐格勒方法制备具有相对较多碳原子的醇而可获得的可被烷氧基化的蒸馏残余物,混合物 的所述化合物和/或(b)C12-C22-羧酸与一元至三元C 1 -C 18醇的脂肪酯,如果需要,(c)沸点高于200℃的烃。 或12至22个碳原子的脂肪酸,与(d)1至80重量%的聚甘油酯组合,其可以通过不少于20%的聚甘油混合物的酯化制备,所述聚甘油混合物含有作为必需组分的二 - 三甘油和四甘油,如果需要,聚甘油 与饱和或不饱和的C 12 -C 36脂肪酸具有较高的缩合度。

    Acidic zinc-plating bath
    60.
    发明授权
    Acidic zinc-plating bath 失效
    酸性镀锌浴

    公开(公告)号:US4496439A

    公开(公告)日:1985-01-29

    申请号:US565217

    申请日:1983-12-23

    IPC分类号: C25D3/22

    CPC分类号: C25D3/22

    摘要: In an aqueous acidic plating bath for the electrolytic deposition of zinc, which contains conventional conductive salts, brighteners and surfactants, one of the surfactants is a surfactant of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is identical to R.sup.1 or is hydrogen, X and Y are each a radical --SO.sub.3 H, where the hydrogen atom can be replaced by an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atom or by one equivalent of zinc and n is an integer from 5 to 50.

    摘要翻译: 在含有常规导电盐,增白剂和表面活性剂的电解沉积锌的酸性电镀浴中,一种表面活性剂是式I的表面活性剂,其中R 1是C 4 -C 20 - 烷基,R 2与 R1或为氢,X和Y各自为-SO 3 H基团,其中氢原子可被碱金属或碱土金属原子替代,或由1当量的锌代替,n为5至50的整数。