公开(公告)号：US20230307488A1

公开(公告)日：2023-09-28

申请号：US18161763

申请日：2023-01-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Young Cheol Yang ,  Young Seok Kim ,  Aaron L Holsteen ,  Cheng Cheng ,  Chin Wei Hsu ,  Hsin I Lu ,  Ileana G. Rau ,  Jaein Choi ,  James M Perkins ,  James P Ibbetson ,  Joy M Johnson ,  Jui-Chih Liao ,  Steven E Molesa ,  Sunggu Kang ,  Yang Deng ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: H01L27/15 ,  H01L33/58

CPC classification number: H01L27/156 ,  H01L33/58 ,  H01L2933/0091

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display with an array of inorganic light-emitting diodes. The array of inorganic light-emitting diodes may be overlapped by a polarizer layer such as a circular polarizer. Alternatively, the display may be a polarizer-free display without any polarizer layer over the array of inorganic light-emitting diodes. Each inorganic light-emitting diode may be surrounded by a diffuser that redirects edge-emissions towards a viewer. A top diffuser, a color filter layer, a microlens, and/or a microlens with color filtering and/or diffusive properties may also optionally overlap each inorganic light-emitting diode. The inorganic light-emitting diodes may have reflective sidewalls to mitigate edge-emissions. In this type of arrangement, the array of inorganic light-emitting diodes may be coplanar with one or more opaque masking layers. To mitigate reflections, the display may include two opaque masking layers having differing properties or a single phase separated opaque masking layer.

公开(公告)号：US11693279B1

公开(公告)日：2023-07-04

申请号：US17683731

申请日：2022-03-01

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yunseok Lee ,  Haiqing Xianyu ,  Junhwan Lim ,  Peter F Masschelein ,  Sang Un Choi ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Yuan Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1339 ,  B60J3/04 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/1343

CPC classification number: G02F1/1339 ,  B60J3/04 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/134309

Abstract: A system may have windows. The window may have first and second window layers and a layer of material such as guest-host liquid crystal material between the first and second window layers. Electrodes on the window layers may be used to apply electric fields to the guest-host liquid crystal material to adjust the light transmission properties of the window. To ensure that a desired gap between the first and second window layers is maintained, spacers may be formed between the first and second window layers. The spacers may include key-and-lock spacers that have interlocking portions located, respectively, on the first and second window layers. Spacers such as photoresist posts can be attached using adhesive. Hybrid arrangements may also be used in which key-and-lock spacer structures are attached using adhesive bonds.

公开(公告)号：US20190137333A1

公开(公告)日：2019-05-09

申请号：US16141183

申请日：2018-09-25

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Junhwan Lim ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Christopher L. Boitnott ,  Shih-Wei Chang ,  Sang Un Choi ,  Sudirukkuge T. Jinasundera

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G06F3/03 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G09G3/34

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display. An optical component window may be formed in the inactive area of the display. The optical component window may transmit infrared light from an infrared light source. The infrared light source may include a diffuser to allow the light source to operate in a flood illumination mode and a structured light mode. The diffuser may include liquid crystal material between first and second substrates. A sealant may surround the liquid crystal layer, and one or more spacer walls may be located between the sealant and the liquid crystal layer. An additional spacer wall may be used outside of the sealant to prevent metal from creating an electrical short between electrodes in the diffuser. Conductive material in the sealant may be used to couple a top electrode to a metal pad on a bottom substrate.

公开(公告)号：US20180164882A1

公开(公告)日：2018-06-14

申请号：US15835046

申请日：2017-12-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Paul V. Johnson ,  Yuan Chen ,  Bryan W. Posner ,  Cheng Chen ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Jiaying Wu ,  Robert Y. Cao ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Shih-Wei Chang ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Dinesh C. Mathew

IPC: G06F3/01 ,  G02F1/00 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G06F3/013 ,  G02F1/0045 ,  G02F1/0063 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F1/13475 ,  G06F3/01

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display. Input-output circuitry in the electronic device may be used to gather input from a viewer of the display. The input-output circuitry may include a gaze tracking system that gathers point-of-gaze information, vergence information, and head position information, may be a biometric sensor, may be an input device such as a button or touch sensor, may capture hand gestures, and/or may gather other information. The display may include a pixel array for producing images. An adjustable reflectance and transmittance layer may overlap the pixel array. Control circuitry in the electronic device may individually adjust different areas of the adjustable reflectance and transmittance layer. The control circuitry may place each area in a reflective mirror more or in a content-displaying mode and may move the areas in response to the information.

公开(公告)号：US09829740B2

公开(公告)日：2017-11-28

申请号：US14339263

申请日：2014-07-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shang-Chih Lin ,  Yuan Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133516

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor layer formed from a layer of thin-film transistor circuitry on a substrate, a color filter layer, and a layer of liquid crystal material interposed between the thin-film transistor layer and the color filter layer. The thin-film transistor layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the color filter layer may be sandwiched between upper and lower polarizers. A backlight unit may supply backlight illumination for pixels in the display. The color filter layer may have a black matrix with an array of openings. Color filter elements of different colors may be formed in the openings. The black matrix may have sidewalls that are steep or that are undercut. The profile of the black matrix helps block improperly colored off-axis light and thereby reduces undesired color mixing in the display.

公开(公告)号：US09482905B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-01

申请号：US14307841

申请日：2014-06-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Yeon Sik Ham ,  Cheng Chen ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Sang Un Choi ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

IPC: G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1339 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/13394 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/13396 ,  G02F2001/13398 ,  G02F2001/136222

Abstract: A display may have a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. A layer of liquid crystal material may be located between the color filter layer and the thin-film transistor layer. Column spacers may be formed on the color filter layer to maintain a desired gap between the color filter and thin-film transistor layers. Support pads may be used to support the column spacers. The column spacers and support pads may have comparable thicknesses. Different column spacers may be located at different portions of the support pads to allow the support pad size to be reduced while ensuring adequate support.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层。 液晶材料层可以位于滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间。 柱状间隔物可以形成在滤色器层上，以保持滤色器和薄膜晶体管层之间的期望的间隙。 支撑垫可用于支撑柱间隔物。 柱间隔件和支撑垫可具有可比较的厚度。 不同的柱间隔件可以位于支撑垫的不同部分，以允许在确保足够支撑的同时减小支撑垫尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US20160259215A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-08

申请号：US14850015

申请日：2015-09-10

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuan Chen ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Adria Fores Herranz ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Hossein Nemati ,  Jun Jiang ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/133345 ,  G02F1/133371 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F2001/133519 ,  G02F2001/133757 ,  G02F2001/134345 ,  G02F2201/52

Abstract: A layer of liquid crystal material may be interposed between display layers. The display layers may include thin-film transistor circuitry having subpixel electrodes for applying electric fields to subpixel portions of the layer of liquid crystal material. Subpixels of different colors may have different shapes and may have different liquid crystal layer thicknesses. These subpixel differences may be configured to slow the switching speed of subpixels of a certain color relative to other subpixels to reduce color motion blur when an object is moved across a black or colored background. The subpixels may have chevron shapes. Subpixels of a first color may have chevron shapes that are less bent than subpixels of second and third colors. In configurations with varying liquid crystal layer thicknesses, the subpixels of the first color may have thicker liquid crystal layers than the subpixels of the second and third colors.

公开(公告)号：US20160246430A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-25

申请号：US14630280

申请日：2015-02-24

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng Chen ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

IPC: G06F3/041 ,  G06F3/044

CPC classification number: G06F3/0416 ,  G06F3/0412 ,  G06F3/044 ,  G09G3/2011 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G5/12 ,  G09G2310/027 ,  G09G2320/0266 ,  G09G2320/0271 ,  G09G2320/103 ,  G09G2340/16

Abstract: One embodiment describes an electronic display. The electronic display includes display driver circuitry that display an image frame on the electronic device using a first display pixel and a second display pixel, touch sensing circuitry that detect user interaction with the electronic display, and a timing controller. The timing controller receives image data, in which the image data describes a target grayscale value of the first pixel and the second pixel to display the image frame, instructs the display driver circuitry to display a first portion of the image frame by writing the image data to the first display pixel, instructs the touch sensing circuitry to determine whether a user touch is present on a surface of the electronic display after the first portion of the image frame is displayed, determines grayscale value displayed by the second display pixel to display a previous image frame, and instructs the display driver circuitry to display a second portion of the image frame by writing adjusted image data to the second display pixel when the displayed grayscale value differs from the target grayscale value of the second pixel by more than a threshold amount.

Abstract translation: 一个实施例描述了电子显示器。 电子显示器包括使用第一显示像素和第二显示像素在电子设备上显示图像帧的显示驱动器电路，检测用户与电子显示器的交互的触摸感测电路以及定时控制器。 定时控制器接收图像数据，其中图像数据描述第一像素的目标灰度值和用于显示图像帧的第二像素，指示显示驱动器电路通过写入图像数据来显示图像帧的第一部分 指示触摸感测电路在显示图像帧的第一部分之后确定用户触摸是否存在于电子显示器的表面上，确定由第二显示像素显示的灰度值以显示前一个 并且当显示的灰度值与第二像素的目标灰度值不同于阈值时，通过将调整后的图像数据写入第二显示像素来指示显示驱动器电路显示图像帧的第二部分。

公开(公告)号：US20160125785A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-05

申请号：US14527672

申请日：2014-10-29

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G09G5/391 ,  G09G5/02 ,  G09G3/34 ,  G09G5/00

CPC classification number: G09G5/02 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G5/001 ,  G09G5/391 ,  G09G2320/103 ,  G09G2340/0435

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels. The display may be controlled using display driver circuitry. The display driver circuitry may analyze image data to be displayed on the array. When static content is detected, the rate at which the pixels are refreshed may be adjusted to conserve power. If a static image is detected, the gate lines may be asserted at a lower refresh rate than if moving content is detected. To avoid visible artifacts, the display driver circuitry may use temporal and spatial refresh rate buffers. Temporal buffers ensure that refresh rates are changed gradually as a function of time, thereby minimizing flicker. Spatial refresh rate buffers are used to provide a smooth transition between low refresh rate and high refresh rate regions in a display as a function of position.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有像素阵列。 可以使用显示驱动器电路来控制显示。 显示驱动器电路可以分析要在阵列上显示的图像数据。 当检测到静态内容时，可以调整像素刷新的速率以节省功率。 如果检测到静态图像，则可以以比检测到移动内容更低的刷新率来确定栅极线。 为了避免可见的伪影，显示驱动器电路可以使用时间和空间刷新率缓冲器。 时间缓冲器确保刷新率随着时间的推移而逐渐变化，从而使闪烁最小化。 空间刷新率缓冲器用于提供作为位置的函数的显示器中的低刷新率和高刷新频率区域之间的平滑过渡。

公开(公告)号：US09316860B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-19

申请号：US14137383

申请日：2013-12-20

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Nicholas C. Buchanan ,  Brian H. Thornton ,  Cheng Chen ,  Craig S. Gilden ,  Jun Qi ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02B5/30 ,  G02B1/111

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02B1/111 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B5/3033 ,  G02B5/305

Abstract: A display polarizer may have a polymer layer such as a polyvinyl alcohol layer coated with a dichroic dye such as iodine. A polymer layer such as a tri-acetyl cellulose layer may be formed on the polyvinyl alcohol layer so that the iodine is interposed between the polyvinyl alcohol layer and the tri-acetyl cellulose layer. To provide protection for the iodine layer, an additional polymer layer such as an additional tri-acetyl cellulose layer and a layer of adhesive may be formed on top of the polymer layer. A functional layer such as an antireflection layer may form an outermost layer in the polarizer. Compensation films may be formed beneath the polyvinyl alcohol layer. Additional display layers such as a lower polarizer layer and interposed layers such as a thin-film transistor layer, liquid crystal layer, and color filter layer may be formed below the compensation films.

Abstract translation: 显示器偏振器可以具有聚合物层，例如涂覆有二色性染料如碘的聚乙烯醇层。 可以在聚乙烯醇层上形成聚合物层，例如三乙酰纤维素层，以使碘介于聚乙烯醇层和三乙酰纤维素层之间。 为了提供对碘层的保护，可以在聚合物层的顶部上形成另外的聚合物层，例如另外的三乙酰纤维素层和粘合剂层。 诸如抗反射层的功能层可以在偏振器中形成最外层。 补偿膜可以形成在聚乙烯醇层之下。 可以在补偿膜的下方形成附加的显示层，例如下偏振器层和诸如薄膜晶体管层，液晶层和滤色器层的插入层。