公开(公告)号：US20120305486A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-06

申请号：US13578161

申请日：2011-04-13

Applicant: Markus Storr ,  Bernd Krause ,  Hermann Goehl ,  Thomas Ertl ,  Alexander Gekeler

Inventor： Markus Storr ,  Bernd Krause ,  Hermann Goehl ,  Thomas Ertl ,  Alexander Gekeler

IPC: A61M1/16 ,  B01D61/24 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B82Y30/00

CPC classification number: B01D67/0009 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1696 ,  A61M2210/1071 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/087 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D2325/20

Abstract: A system for liver dialysis makes use of a high cut-off hemodialysis membrane for removing water-soluble and protein-bound toxins from the blood of a person in need. A high cut-off hollow fiber hemodialysis membrane has improved potential to remove albumin-bound toxins and inflammatory mediators.

Abstract translation: 用于肝透析的系统使用高截止血液透析膜来从需要的人的血液中除去水溶性和蛋白质结合的毒素。 高截止的中空纤维血液透析膜具有改善去除白蛋白结合毒素和炎性介质的潜力。

公开(公告)号：US08280659B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-02

申请号：US12691511

申请日：2010-01-21

Applicant: Bernd Krause

Inventor： Bernd Krause

IPC: G01R31/36 ,  H02J7/00

CPC classification number: H01M8/04552 ,  G01R31/362 ,  H01M8/04671

Abstract: A method for determining a low performing cell in a fuel cell stack. The method measures the voltage of each cell in the fuel cell stack and calculates an average cell voltage of all of the cell voltages from the fuel cell stack at a plurality of stack current densities. The method also identifies a minimum cell voltage from all of the cell voltages from the fuel cell stack at the plurality of stack current densities that the average cell voltages are calculated and determines a relative delta voltage relationship between the average cell voltage and the minimum cell voltage at each of the plurality of stack current densities. The relative delta voltage relationships are used to determine whether the minimum cell voltage indicates a persistent stack problem.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定燃料电池堆中的低效电池的方法。 该方法测量燃料电池堆中每个电池的电压，并以多个堆电流密度计算来自燃料电池堆的所有电池电压的平均电池电压。 该方法还根据计算平均电池电压的多个堆叠电流密度从燃料电池堆的所有电池电压中识别最小电池电压，并且确定平均电池电压和最小电池电压之间的相对增量电压关系 在多个堆叠电流密度中的每一个处。 使用相对的delta电压关系来确定最小电池电压是否表示持续堆栈问题。

公开(公告)号：US20110178742A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-21

申请号：US12690672

申请日：2010-01-20

Applicant: Bernd Krause ,  Ralf Senner ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Andrew J. Maslyn

Inventor： Bernd Krause ,  Ralf Senner ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Andrew J. Maslyn

IPC: G01R31/36 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G01R19/00

CPC classification number: H01M8/04552 ,  G01R31/362 ,  H01M8/04671

Abstract: A method for determining a failure of a membrane in a fuel cell in a fuel cell stack. The method includes measuring the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack, calculating an average cell voltage from all of the cell voltages of the fuel cells in the fuel cell stack, and identifying a minimum cell voltage from all of the cell voltages of the fuel cells in the fuel cell stack. The method then determines an absolute delta voltage value as the difference between the average cell voltage of the fuel cells and the minimum cell voltage of the fuel cells at a plurality of sample points during the sample period. A plurality of absolute delta voltage values determined over a plurality of sample periods, filtered for low current density are used to determine whether there is a membrane failure and, by filtering for high current density, to determine whether there is an electrode failure.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定燃料电池堆中的燃料电池中的膜的故障的方法。 该方法包括测量燃料电池堆中每个燃料电池的电压，从燃料电池堆中的燃料电池的所有电池电压计算平均电池电压，以及从所有电池电压中识别最小电池电压 燃料电池堆中的燃料电池。 该方法然后将绝对增量电压值确定为在采样周期期间多个采样点处的燃料电池的平均电池电压与燃料电池的最小电池电压之差。 使用在低电流密度下滤波的多个采样周期中确定的多个绝对δ电压值来确定是否存在膜故障，并且通过对高电流密度进行滤波来确定是否存在电极故障。

公开(公告)号：US07968153B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

申请号：US11631786

申请日：2005-07-04

Applicant: Bernd Krause ,  Hermann Göhl ,  Christoph Beck ,  Jürgen Dannenmaier ,  Michael Müller ,  Edmund Kurz ,  Heinrich Malthaner ,  Christian Oehr ,  Markus Storr

Inventor： Bernd Krause ,  Hermann Göhl ,  Christoph Beck ,  Jürgen Dannenmaier ,  Michael Müller ,  Edmund Kurz ,  Heinrich Malthaner ,  Christian Oehr ,  Markus Storr

IPC: B01D39/00 ,  B01D67/00 ,  H05H1/00

CPC classification number: B01D61/00 ,  B01D67/0093 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D2323/38 ,  B01J20/261 ,  B01J20/262 ,  B01J20/265 ,  B01J20/28004 ,  B01J20/28021 ,  B01J20/28023 ,  B01J20/28033 ,  B01J20/28069 ,  B01J20/28085 ,  B01J20/3085 ,  B01J20/321 ,  B01J20/3212 ,  B01J20/3217 ,  B01J20/3219 ,  B01J20/3248 ,  B01J20/3253 ,  B01J20/3274 ,  B01J2220/445

Abstract: A continuous method for production of a porous hollow fibre membrane having regioselective affinity for compounds in blood or other biologically active fluids to be removed during purification of blood or said fluids is disclosed, as well as a porous hollow fibre membrane produced by said method, an adsorption device containing such a porous hollow fibre membrane, and use of such a porous hollow fibre membrane.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于生产在血液或所述流体净化期间除去的血液或其它生物活性流体中的化合物的区域选择性亲和性的多孔中空纤维膜的连续方法，以及通过所述方法制备的多孔中空纤维膜， 含有这种多孔中空纤维膜的吸附装置，以及这种多孔中空纤维膜的使用。

公开(公告)号：US07931154B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-26

申请号：US12307678

申请日：2007-06-25

Applicant: Bernd Krause ,  Markus Hornung ,  Herman Goehl

Inventor： Bernd Krause ,  Markus Hornung ,  Herman Goehl

IPC: B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D63/02

CPC classification number: B01D67/0011 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/081 ,  B01D69/085 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/24 ,  B01D2325/28 ,  B01D2325/36

Abstract: A process for manufacturing of an asymmetric hollow fiber membrane, comprising the steps of extruding a polymer solution through the outer ring slit of a hollow fiber spinning nozzle, simultaneously extruding a center fluid through the inner bore of the hollow fiber spinning nozzle, into a precipitation bath, whereby the polymer solution contains 10 to 26 wt-% of polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone (PES) or polyarylethersulfone (PAES), 8 to 15 wt-% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 60 to 80 wt-% N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (NAP), the center fluid contains 60 to 70 wt-% N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (NAP) and 30 to 40 wt-% water, and the precipitation bath contains 70 to 82 wt-% N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (NAP) and 18 to 30 wt-% water.

Abstract translation: 一种不对称中空纤维膜的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：通过中空纤维纺丝喷嘴的外圈狭缝挤出聚合物溶液，同时将中心流体通过中空纤维纺丝喷嘴的内孔挤出成为沉淀物 由此聚合物​​溶液含有10-26重量％的聚砜（PSU），聚醚砜（PES）或聚芳醚砜（PAES），8-15重量％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）和60-80重量％N-烷基 - 2-吡咯烷酮（NAP），中心流体含有60〜70重量％的N-烷基-2-吡咯烷酮（NAP）和30〜40重量％的水，沉淀浴含有70〜82重量％的N-烷基 -2-吡咯烷酮（NAP）和18-30wt％水。

公开(公告)号：US20100084339A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-08

申请号：US12585054

申请日：2009-09-01

Applicant: Colin Hutchison ,  Paul Cockwell ,  Hermann Göhl ,  Bernd Krause ,  Markus Storr

Inventor： Colin Hutchison ,  Paul Cockwell ,  Hermann Göhl ,  Bernd Krause ,  Markus Storr

IPC: B01D61/32

CPC classification number: B01D61/243 ,  A61M1/16 ,  B01D67/0013 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/20

Abstract: The present invention relates to high cut-off hemodialysis membranes for the treatment of chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients, with the potential to improve long-term survival of these patients by reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, through down-regulation of monocyte activation in the blood. Monocytes are the major circulating blood cells involved in the progression of cardiovascular disease. High cut-off hemodialysis in chronic dialysis patients results in a sustained decrease in expression of monocyte cell-surface proteins that direct the movement of these cells from the blood to the walls of blood vessels, where they promote the progression of arterial disease (atherosclerosis) that leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD); heart disease, strokes and peripheral vascular disease.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于治疗慢性血液透析（CHD）患者的高截止血液透析膜，可通过降低心血管疾病的风险来改善这些患者的长期存活，通过下调单核细胞活化 血液。 单核细胞是涉及心血管疾病进展的主要循环血细胞。 慢性透析患者的高截止血液透析导致单核细胞表面蛋白质的表达持续下降，从而将这些细胞从血液移动到血管壁，在那里它们促进动脉疾病（动脉粥样硬化）的进展， 导致心血管疾病（CVD）; 心脏病，中风和外周血管疾病。

公开(公告)号：US07682719B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-23

申请号：US11534341

申请日：2006-09-22

Applicant: Sebastian Lienkamp ,  Bernd Krause

Inventor： Sebastian Lienkamp ,  Bernd Krause

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/12

CPC classification number: H01M8/04992 ,  H01M8/04552 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04649 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02T90/32

Abstract: A method for revising a reference polarization curve of a fuel cell stack that identifies the relationship between the voltage and the current of the stack over time. When the stack is operating at a low load where kinetic voltage losses of the stack dominate, a first adaptation value is revised as the difference between the actual stack voltage and the stack voltage of the reference polarization curve. When the stack is operating at higher loads where ohmic voltage losses of the stack dominate, a second adaptation value is revised as the difference between the actual stack voltage and the stack voltage of the reference polarization curve.

Abstract translation: 一种用于修改燃料电池堆的参考极化曲线的方法，其识别堆叠随时间的电压和电流之间的关系。 当堆栈以堆叠的动态电压损失为主的低负载运行时，第一适配值被修改为实际堆叠电压与参考极化曲线的堆叠电压之间的差值。 当堆栈工作在堆叠的欧姆电压损耗主导的较高负载时，第二适配值被修改为实际堆叠电压和参考极化曲线的堆叠电压之间的差。

公开(公告)号：US20100012577A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-21

申请号：US12307670

申请日：2007-06-25

Applicant: Bernd Krause ,  Markus Hornung ,  Herman Goehl

Inventor： Bernd Krause ,  Markus Hornung ,  Herman Goehl

IPC: B01D69/08 ,  D01D5/24 ,  B32B1/00 ,  B32B1/08

CPC classification number: B01D69/087 ,  A61M1/3496 ,  B01D67/0011 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/44 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  Y10T428/1376 ,  Y10T428/139

Abstract: A process for manufacturing of an asymmetric hollow fibre membrane, comprising the steps of extruding a polymer solution through the outer ring slit of a hollow fibre spinning nozzle, simultaneously extruding a centre fluid through the inner bore of the hollow fibre spinning nozzle, into a precipitation bath, whereby the polymer solution contains 10 to 26 wt-% of polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone (PES) or polyarylethersulfone (PAES), 8 to 15 wt-% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 55 to 75 wt-% N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (NAP) and 3 to 9 wt-% w ater the centre fluid contains 70 to 90 wt-% N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (NAP) and 10 to 30 wt-% water, and the precipitation bath contains 0 to 20 wt-% N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (NAP) and 80 to 100 wt-% water.

Abstract translation: 一种不对称中空纤维膜的制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：通过中空纤维纺丝喷嘴的外圈狭缝挤出聚合物溶液，同时将中心流体通过中空纤维纺丝喷嘴的内孔挤出成为沉淀物 由此聚合物​​溶液含有10-26重量％的聚砜（PSU），聚醚砜（PES）或聚芳醚砜（PAES），8-15重量％的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP），55-75重量％的N-烷基 - 2-吡咯烷酮（NAP）和3至9重量％的中心流体含有70-90重量％的N-烷基-2-吡咯烷酮（NAP）和10-30重量％的水，沉淀浴含有0 至20重量％的N-烷基-2-吡咯烷酮（NAP）和80至100重量％的水。

公开(公告)号：US20090057225A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US11887957

申请日：2006-04-06

Applicant: Bernd Krause ,  Markus Hornung ,  Thomas Ertl ,  Markus Storr

Inventor： Bernd Krause ,  Markus Hornung ,  Thomas Ertl ,  Markus Storr

IPC: B01D71/68 ,  B01D67/00 ,  C08G75/00

CPC classification number: B01D71/44 ,  B01D67/0011 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/087 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/52 ,  B01D71/60 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D71/82 ,  B01D2325/02 ,  B01D2325/026 ,  B01D2325/12 ,  B01D2325/16 ,  B01D2325/42

Abstract: The invention is directed to a ultrafiltration membrane that is capable for the retention of endotoxines and cytokine inducing substances (CIS) including bacterial DNA and/or DNA fragments from fluid and/or liquid media. The invention is further directed to a method of manufacturing such ultrafiltration membranes in a high quality and in an effective and time saving procedure, and to the use of such membranes for the retention of substances from fluids or liquids. The ultrafiltration membrane of the invention consists of a polymer blend comprising at least one hydrophobic polymer containing sulfur in its back bone, at least one hydrophilic, uncharged homo-polymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone and at least one polymer containing cationic charges. The method of manufacturing such a ultrafiltration membrane comprises dissolving at least one hydrophobic polymer containing sulfur in its back bone and at least one hydrophilic, uncharged polyvinylpyrrolidone and at least one polymer containing cationic charges in at least one solvent to form a polymer solution, subjecting the formed polymer solution to a diffusion-induced phase separation to prepare a ultrafiltration membrane, washing and subsequently drying of the ultrafiltration membrane.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及能够从流体和/或液体介质中保留包含细菌DNA和/或DNA片段的内毒素和细胞因子诱导物质（CIS）的超滤膜。 本发明进一步涉及以高质量和有效且节省时间的方法制造这种超滤膜的方法，以及使用这种膜来保持来自流体或液体的物质。 本发明的超滤膜由包含至少一种在其背骨中含有硫的疏水性聚合物，至少一种亲水的，不带电的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的聚合物和至少一种含有阳离子电荷的聚合物组成的聚合物共混物构成。 制造这种超滤膜的方法包括将至少一种含有硫的疏水性聚合物溶解在其背骨中，并且至少一种亲水的，不带电的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和至少一种含至少一种溶剂中的阳离子电荷的聚合物形成聚合物溶液， 形成的聚合物溶液进行扩散诱导的相分离以制备超滤膜，洗涤并随后干燥超滤膜。

公开(公告)号：US06971315B2

公开(公告)日：2005-12-06

申请号：US10221105

申请日：2001-02-20

Applicant: Jürgen Knappworst ,  Bernd Krause ,  Erich Muskat ,  Friedrich Riess ,  Irene Schikora

Inventor： Jürgen Knappworst ,  Bernd Krause ,  Erich Muskat ,  Friedrich Riess ,  Irene Schikora

IPC: F42B12/34 ,  F42B12/72

CPC classification number: F42B12/34

Abstract: Currently, 9 mm×19 mm caliber cartridges in the form of full-jacketed round-head bullets are used for small arms, especially for arms used by police. For safety reasons, efforts are being made to replace these bullets with a type of bullet that is prevented from passing straight through the target medium. Known deformable bullets from the prior art vary considerably in terms of the energy that they release in the target medium of density (1), especially in the human body. The invention therefore provides that the bullet (1) consists of a jacketless bullet body (2), that a cavity (5) extends centrally in relation to the longitudinal axis (15) of the bullet (1) in the tapered front part (6) of the bullet body (2), said cavity consisting of a cylindrical part (16) and at least one conical part (19) adjoining said cylindrical part; that a pusher (3) which forces the projectile open forms the bullet tip and that said pusher consists of a head (7) which seals the opening (4) of the cavity (5) and a shaft (8) which extends into the cavity (5).

Abstract translation: 目前，采用全夹套圆头弹头形式的9毫米×19毫米口径的弹药筒用于小武器，特别是警察使用的武器。 为了安全起见，正在努力用一种防止直接穿过目标介质的子弹替换这些子弹。 在现有技术中已知的可变形子弹在其在密度（1）的目标介质中释放的能量，特别是在人体内的能量差异很大。 因此，本发明提供了子弹（1）由无夹套子弹主体（2）组成，空腔（5）相对于锥形前部（6）中的子弹（1）的纵向轴线（15）居中延伸 ），所述空腔由圆柱形部分（16）和邻近所述圆柱形部分的至少一个锥形部分（19）组成; 迫使弹丸开口的推动器（3）形成子弹头，并且所述推动器由密封腔（5）的开口（4）的头部（7）和延伸到腔体（5）中的轴（8）组成 （5）。