摘要:
An eluent for ion chromatography for analyzing divalent cations, which comprises an acid and at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of histidine, lysine and arginine.
摘要:
A gate control circuit for turning on and off an insulated gate semiconductor device having gate, emitter and collector terminals, including a first DC power source coupled to the gate terminal via a first switch and configured to apply a positive voltage to the gate terminal in order to turn on the insulated gate semiconductor device when the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off; a second DC power source coupled to the gate terminal via a second switch and configured to apply a negative voltage to the gate terminal in order to turn off the insulated gate semiconductor device when the second switch is turned on and the first switch is turned off; a parallel circuit of a diode and a capacitor coupled in series to the second switch; and a turn off assist circuit configured to produce a negative charge on the capacitor to assist in turning off the insulated gate semiconductor device. In a power converter circuit having a plurality of insulated gate semiconductor devices, equalization of delay times for turning off the insulated gate semiconductor devices is achieved by controlling a charged stored in the capacitor of each gate control circuit based on detected collector-emitter voltages or detected emitter currents.
摘要:
The laser machining apparatus according to the present invention holds a plate-formed work W giving tension thereto, and comprises a driver base/a work base driving the work in the axial direction, a converging lens for a laser beam L, a laser machining head moving in a direction in which the laser beam L is focused onto the work, an upper work holding member having a nozzle for laser beam irradiation integrated thereto, a bellows for relatively and displaceably connecting the laser machining head and the upper work holding member in the focusing direction, and a lower fixed base/a highly slippery plate located and fixed at a position corresponding to a center of the nozzle, and the work is held between the upper work holding member and the lower fixed base/a highly slippery plate at a position adjacent to the laser beam machining position.
摘要:
The soundness of a block-shaped structure is evaluated by disposing one set of at least two three-way sensors on a structure, measuring microtremors, determining the contribution factor of rocking vibration, which occupies part of overall vibration, based upon the results of microtremor measurement, and determining extent of rocking vibration at an arbitrary position of the block-shaped structure based upon the contribution factor. Rocking vibration becomes more prevalent as the state of support afforded by the block-shaped structure becomes more unstable. Accordingly, if rocking vibration becomes dominant and exceeds unity, this fact can be used to evaluate the soundness of the block-shaped structure to collapse.
摘要:
A pellicle having a reflection-preventing function comprised of a transparent polyvinyl acetal film and a reflection-preventing film formed on at least one surface of the polyvinyl acetal film. The reflection-preventing film is made of a copolymer of a perfluoroalkyl acrylate or methacrylate with a hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate having (i) a hydroxyalkyl group having 2-3 OH groups on the terminal or side chain and 3-5 carbon atoms, (ii) a hydroxyalkyl group having an OH group on the terminal or side chain and 2-4 carbon atoms, or (iii) a fluorine-containing hydroxyalkyl group having an OH group on the terminal or side chain and 4-12 carbon atoms.
摘要:
In an apparatus for carrying out PWM control of an inverter having a filter connected to the a.c. output side thereof, pulse patterns adapted for determining switching timings for canceling a specified harmonic component, e.g., the fifth order harmonic component included in a voltage on the output side of the filter without exerting an influence on the output voltage fundamental wave, are stored in advance into a memory with respect to various vector quantities of the specified harmonic component to select, from a plurality of pulse patterns stored in the memory, each time a pulse pattern for reducing the specified harmonic component. The inverter is subjected to PWM control in accordance with the pulse pattern thus selected.
摘要:
A masterslice semiconductor device comprised of basic cells having additional transistors formed adjacent to the longitudinal end of one or more pairs of transistors which have a configuration almost the same as in the ordinary basic cell. The basic cells are arranged along columns of the semiconductor substrate they are formed in, and constitute a plurality of basic cell arrays. Each of the additional transistors occupies an individual conduction region for the source and drain and is provided with an individual gate electrode which extends to be in line with or perpendicularly to the extension line of the gate of the transistor pair. The additional transistors occupy the space between adjacent basic cell arrays which are, in the prior art masterslice semiconductor device, exclusively used for distributing wiring lines, and accordingly the width of the space is decreased. Because of the versatility of the additional transistors, and the reduced distance between adjacent basic cell arrays, a unit cell can be organized by using the basic cells belonging to adjacent basic cell arrays. The additional transistors are made inactive when the region which they occupy must be exclusively used for distributing interconnecting lines.
摘要:
A masterslice semiconductor device is provided, which reduces or eliminates unused transistors. In the basic cells of the masterslice semiconductor device, each transistor is formed as electrically independent from the others; i.e., each transistor has an individual gate electrode and has an individual region for the source and drain. Terminals formed in parallel to the gate channel of each transistor permits interconnection of the electrodes in a basic cell array using a straight wiring pattern. Such a straight interconnection reduces the effective number of wiring channels needed for a unit cell, and facilitates construction of a larger scale unit cell in a basic cell array.
摘要:
Methods and devices for operating non-volatile storage are disclosed. One or more programming conditions depend on the location of the word line that is selected for programming. Applying a selected word line dependent program condition may reduce or eliminate program disturb. The voltage applied to a common source line may depend on the location of the word line that is selected for programming. This may prevent or reduce punch-through conduction, which may prevent or reduce program disturb. The voltage applied to bit lines of unselected NAND strings may depend on the location of the word line that is selected for programming. This may prevent or reduce punch-through conduction.
摘要:
In a non-volatile storage system, a programming portion of a program-verify iteration has multiple programming pulses, and storage elements along a word line are selected for programming according to a pattern. Unselected storage elements are grouped to benefit from channel-to-channel capacitive coupling from both primary and secondary neighbor storage elements. The coupling is helpful to boost channel regions of the unselected storage elements to a higher channel potential to prevent program disturb. Each selected storage element has a different relative position within its set. For example, during a first programming pulse, first, second and third storage elements are selected in first, second and third sets, respectively. During a second programming pulse, second, third and first storage elements are selected in the first, second and third sets, respectively. During a third programming pulse, third, first and second storage elements are selected in the first, second and third sets, respectively.