Abstract:
An analog circuit for generating a periodic signal at a selected phase, including one or more phase interpolators that receive orthogonal differential RF signals and a pair of differential gain signals. The differential in-phase RF signal is applied at respective gates of tail transistors, and a first differential gain signal is applied across gates of a transistor pair coupled to each of the tail transistors. The quadrature-phase RF signal and a second differential gain signal is similarly applied to another quad of transistors (i.e., pair of transistor pairs) and associated tail transistors. A load connected to the one transistor in each pair receives the output signal, at a phase corresponding to a ratio of the first and second gain signals. The gain signals may be DC or AC, which allows configuration of the circuit as a phase shifter or an upconversion mixer, and the load may be presented by a transform in which the phase also depends on the relative coupling from the in-phase and quadrature-phase sides of the phase interpolator.
Abstract:
A variable-gain power amplifying technique includes generating, with a network of one or more reactive components included in an oscillator, a first oscillating signal, and outputting, via one or more taps included in the network of the reactive components, a second oscillating signal. The second oscillating signal has a magnitude that is proportional to and less than the first oscillating signal. The power amplifying technique further includes selecting one of the first and second oscillating signals to use for generating a power-amplified output signal, and amplifying the selected one of the first and second oscillating signals to generate the power-amplified output signal.
Abstract:
A system to generate an oscillator signal. The system includes a multi-stage oscillator, where each stage generates an output. The system also includes a first weighting circuit coupled to the multi-stage oscillator. The first weighting circuit taps the outputs of at least some of the stages and applies a first variable weighting factor to each output of the tapped stages to generate a first weighted output for each of the tapped stages. The system also includes a first summing circuit coupled to the first weighting circuit. The first summing circuit sums the first weighted outputs of the tapped stages to produce the oscillator signal.
Abstract:
A differential odd integer divider provides low power and compact sub-harmonics of an applied square or sinusoidal clock signal with self-aligned 50% duty cycle. The odd integer divider circuit includes a set of low power delay cells connected in a ring fashion. Each delay cell includes two differential dual port inputs connected to the gates of MOS transistors. For instance, these odd integer dividers include a series of low power latch circuits that are custom configured for minimum headroom and low power consumption. These output phasors can then be combined with an appropriate weight factor to provide a near-sinusoidal waveshape from the input square waveshape. Intrinsic 50% duty cycle maybe shortened or stretched by using combinatorial logic circuits.
Abstract:
A wide tuning range oscillator system uses multiple active cores with cross-coupled transistors and multiple tapped inductors having windings that can be connected to circuit nodes. These active cores are connected to a pair of symmetric tapping points and are switched ON/OFF by biasing elements. Biasing schemes and the topology of the individual cross-coupled cores may be different from each other. The tapping points are symmetrically arranged around the center point of the inductor. One or more of the active cores may be enabled for tuning the center frequency of the oscillator system.
Abstract:
A circuit includes a ring oscillator component and a phase selecting component. The ring oscillator component outputs a clock signal having a clock frequency, fCLK, and has a number n of delay components connected in series. The phase selecting component outputs a feedback clock signal, and has a switching component. The switching component can be in a first state and a second state, and can switch from the first state to the second state. The switching component outputs, in the first state, an output of a first delay component such that a signal output from the first delay component is the feedback clock signal having a first phase. The switching component outputs, in the second state, an output of a second delay component such that a signal output from the second delay component is the feedback clock signal having a second phase.
Abstract:
A symbol modulation system applicable to a body area network is disclosed herein. The symbol modulation system includes a symbol mapper. The symbol mapper is configured to determine a time within a predetermined symbol transmission interval at which a transmission representative of the symbol will occur. The time is determined based on a value of a symbol and a value of a time-hopping sequence. The time is selected from a plurality of symbol value based time slots, and a plurality of time-hopping sequence sub-time-slots within each symbol value based time slot. The symbol mapper is configured to generate a single guard interval within the symbol transmission interval. The single guard interval is positioned to terminate the symbol transmission interval.
Abstract:
A radio that includes a transceiver to transmit and receive RF signals. The transceiver including a transmitter, a transformer, and a receiver, the transformer is coupled to and shared between the transmitter and the receiver. A resonator is formed by the combination of the transformer and capacitive elements of the transmitter and receiver.
Abstract:
A system on a chip (SoC) includes a transceiver comprising a transmitter having a power amplifier and a receiver having a signal buffer. At least one of the transmitter and receiver has a configurable portion that can be configured to produce a range of waveforms (both in waveshape as well as duty cycle). A low cost built in self test (BIST) logic is coupled to the transceiver. The BIST logic is operable to calibrate the configurable portion of the transceiver to produce a waveform that has a selected harmonic component that has an amplitude that is less than a threshold value. Current consumed by the transceiver may be dynamically reduced by selecting an optimized waveform that has low harmonic components.
Abstract:
A symbol modulation system applicable to a body area network is disclosed herein. The symbol modulation system includes a symbol mapper. The symbol mapper is configured to determine a time within a predetermined symbol transmission interval at which a transmission representative of the symbol will occur. The time is determined based on a value of a symbol and a value of a time-hopping sequence. The time is selected from a plurality of symbol value based time slots, and a plurality of time-hopping sequence sub-time-slots within each symbol value based time slot. The symbol mapper is configured to generate a single guard interval within the symbol transmission interval. The single guard interval is positioned to terminate the symbol transmission interval.