摘要:
Plural lines on a surface of a photosensitive body of an electrophotographic image formation apparatus are simultaneously scanned by plural laser beams for image formation. Each of a pair of semiconductor lasers 11a and 11b biased in an ON state is independently turned on. A surface potential of the photosensitive body in each case is measured by a measurement unit such as a surface potential sensor 30, a surface potential detection circuit 31 and an A/D conversion circuit 32. Based on the measured result, an operational current of each laser is determined by a CPU 33 such that the surface potential of the photosensitive body becomes a target-potential, e.g., 220V to 230V. An image pattern difficult to be influenced by the laser start characteristic and an image pattern easy to be influenced by the laser start characteristic are formed, and the formed image patterns are respectively measured so that the current supplied at no beam emission time is controlled according to the measured results.
摘要:
Provided is a gate valve for opening and closing an aperture formed in a body of a chamber and designed so that an object is loaded into or unloaded from the chamber, comprising a lift mechanism provided on a side portion of the chamber body, a supporting portion supported by a lift mechanism for up-and-down motion, a valve plate supported by the supporting portion and movable between a closed position such as to close the aperture of the chamber body and an open position such that the valve plate is separated from the aperture to leave the aperture open as the supporting portion is moved up and down by the lift mechanism, and a separating mechanism for allowing the valve plate to move to a position ahead of the aperture so that the valve plate is separated from the aperture.
摘要:
A lubricant for metal working comprising a dicarboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (I) or its amine salt or its alkali metal salt and a sulfur extreme pressure agent: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for COOH or H; and R.sub.2 stands for H when R.sub.1 is COOH and COOH when R.sub.1 is H.
摘要:
An image exposure apparatus and method generates a first optical image light and a second optical image light. The first optical image is input to a read side of a spatial light modulating element, and the second optical image light is input to a write side of the spatial light modulating element, so that the first optical image light is modulated by the second image light to be output from the read side again; and exposing the light sensitive material to the output image from the read side, that is the both images are combined, or the intensity of both image lights are modulated.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display panel comprises at least two base plates spaced by a sealant on the peripheral portion of the plates and liquid crystal in the space between the base plates. The liquid crystal contains a spacer of rigid particles and polymer particles having 10 to 30% by weight of an epoxy group.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display with multiplex capability enhanced by decreasing the hysteresis characteristic of the liquid crystal. The hysteresis characteristic of the crystal is reduced by fixing an angle of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the range of 270 to 315 degrees, by setting a birefringence (.DELTA.N) of the host molecules at less than or equal to 0.14 and by having a crystal layer thickness (d) of less than or equal to 7 .mu.m (.DELTA.n.multidot.d
摘要:
A liquid crystal composition contains a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are straight chain alkyl groups each having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
摘要:
A position management system manages position information of a second apparatus which carries out wireless communications with a first apparatus that is installed indoors. The position management system determines radio field intensity of radio waves of the wireless communications that are received from the first apparatus when movement of the second apparatus is detected, acquires first position information that indicates a position of the second apparatus estimated based on the determined radio field intensity of the radio waves, and stores the acquired first position information associated with time information.
摘要:
A position management system includes a first receiving unit configured to receive a radio wave according to a predetermined wireless communication standard from a first device when the movement of a second device is detected; a second receiving unit configured to receive second position information including latitude and longitude information from an IMES transmitting device when the movement of the second device is detected; and an acquiring unit configured to measure an intensity of the received radio wave, estimate a position of the second device based on the intensity, and acquire first position information indicating the estimated position. The second receiving unit receives a radio wave from GPS when the second device moves outdoors where communication with the IMES transmitting device is not possible, and sets latitude and longitude information, which is measured based on the radio wave received from the GPS, as the second position information.
摘要:
A phase compensator having a biaxial birefringent component (40) is fabricated by oblique deposition of an inorganic material on a base plate (69). A polar angle of an evaporation path of the inorganic material is controlled in a predetermined angular range to a surface normal of the base plate (69). In the oblique deposition process, the base plate (69) is oscillated in a horizontal direction. The phase compensator is arranged such that its slow axis (L4) is perpendicular to a slow axis (L3) of tilt components (24a, 24b) in a liquid crystal panel (20), and that an index ellipsoid (41) is tilted in an opposite direction to a tilt direction of the tilt components (24a, 24b).