Abstract:
In the method of fabricating the variable-resistance memory device, a substrate including a conductive region is provided, and a preliminary lower electrode is formed on the conductive region. A lower electrode is formed by oxidizing an upper portion of the preliminary lower electrode. A phase-change material layer is formed on the lower electrode.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating a storage capacitor includes depositing a first titanium nitride layer on a dielectric layer using a chemical vapor deposition technique or an atomic layer deposition technique performed at a first temperature with reactant gases of titanium chloride (TiCl4) gas and ammonia (NH3) gas at a predetermined flow ratio and depositing a second titanium nitride layer on the first titanium nitride layer using a chemical vapor deposition process performed at a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature with reactant gases of titanium chloride (TiCl4) gas and ammonia (NH3) gas.
Abstract:
An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver capable of improving equalization performance is provided. In the OFDM receiver receiving an OFDM signal having a frame structure constructed with one reference symbol and a plurality of data symbols following the reference symbol, the OFDM receiver includes: a synchronizer which detects a position of the reference symbol from the received OFDM signal; a time-domain equalizer which equalizes in a time domain the data symbols that are separated by a distance longer than a predetermined distance from the position of the reference symbol; an FFT (fast Fourier transform) unit which performs an FFT process on the OFDM signal; and a frequency-domain equalizer which equalizes in a frequency domain the data symbols that are separated by a distance shorter than a predetermined distance from the position of the reference symbol.
Abstract:
A multi function peripheral apparatus includes a plurality of modules which execute respectively works, a user input part, a display part, and a control part which controls the display part to display a list of at least one work mode in which a work file is executed by a corresponding one of the plurality of modules, the work file selected by a user through the user input part and the display part.
Abstract:
In a transmission device and method for a CDMA communication system, when a shorter frame message is generated during transmission of a longer frame message, the transmission of the longer frame message is interrupted, whereupon the shorter frame message is immediately transmitted in place of a portion of the longer frame message. In one embodiment, after the longer frame message is interrupted and the shorter frame message is transmitted, only the tail portion of the longer frame message is transmitted thereafter. That is, the replaced portion of the longer frame message is not transmitted following the shorter frame message transmission. In an alternative embodiment, following the shorter frame message transmission, the remainder of the longer frame message, from the point of interruption, is transmitted in its entirety. In the latter case, the longer frame message is delayed by the length of the shorter frame message.
Abstract:
State synchronization methods for transmitting packet data between a base station and a mobile station in a CDMA mobile communication system are provided. In one method, the base station transmits a state check message to the mobile station in an active state. The base station receives a response message from the mobile station, and analyzes the received response message to determine a state of the mobile station. The base station terminates a corresponding channel and transitions to the state of the mobile station. In a second method for transmitting packet data between a base station and a mobile station in a CDMA mobile communication system, the mobile station transmits a state check message to the base station in an active state. The mobile station receives a response message from the base station and analyzes the received response message to determine a state of the base station. The mobile station terminates a corresponding channel and transitions the mobile station to the state of the base station.