Abstract:
A method for controlling an internal-combustion engine comprises steps of: determining a current value of a driving torque requested to the internal-combustion engine and a first time derivative of the current value of the driving torque; comparing the current value of the driving torque and first time derivative with first and second threshold values, respectively; determining a “sport driving” condition only if the current value of the driving torque is higher than the first threshold value and the first time derivative is higher than the second threshold value; and controlling the internal-combustion engine as a function of the “sport driving” condition.
Abstract:
A solid state relay circuit arrangement for audio signals is described, of the type comprising a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET in a back-to-back configuration, adapted to receive an input signal on the source electrode of the first MOSFET and to take the output signal on the source electrode of the second MOSFET, with a driving voltage being applied to the gate electrodes of said first MOSFET and second MOSFET, apt to change, on the basis of its value, the operational state of said first MOSFET and second MOSFET, According to the invention, each of said first MOSFET and second MOSFET includes a respective bypass capacitor arranged between its source electrode and its gate electrode, having such a capacitance value to determine a bypass path for the input signal from the source electrode to the gate electrode in the operating frequency range of said input signal.
Abstract:
An electronic device for controlling the electric charge of a load electrically supplied by a battery pack, comprising: a support; a control module integrated in the support; an electric pre-charging circuit of the load controlled by the control module; an electric active discharge circuit of the load controlled by the control module. The electric pre-charging circuit comprises at least one first solid-state switch and is integrated on the support. The electric active discharge circuit comprises at least one second solid-state switch and is integrated on the support. The first solid-state switch and the second solid-state switch can be configured to work either as a switch or as a variable resistor.
Abstract:
A method for correcting the reduced mass flow rate of a compressor in an internal combustion engine turbocharged with a turbocharger provided with a turbine and with a compressor; the internal combustion engine including an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold, and being set up to allow the passage of air from the intake manifold to the exhaust manifold; the method including determining, in a design stage, a control law that provides a target opening of a control actuator of the wastegate as a function of an actual supercharging pressure and of a reduced mass flow rate of the compressor; and correcting the reduced mass flow rate of the compressor as a function of the enthalpy of a gas mixture flowing through the turbine of the turbocharger.
Abstract:
A method to determine the injection pattern in the intake stroke of the combustion cycle of the cylinders of a direct-injection internal combustion engine, which includes determining the overall quantity of fuel to be injected for each combustion cycle of each cylinder during the intake stroke; determining the maximum quantity of fuel to be injected for each partial injection as a function of the value of the start of injection angle, of the speed and of the load of the internal combustion engine; and determining the number of partial injections and the objective quantity to be injected for each partial injection as a function of the quantity of fuel to be injected for each combustion cycle of each cylinder during the intake stroke and of the maximum quantity of fuel to be injected for each partial injection.
Abstract:
A throttle valve for an internal combustion engine. The throttle valve includes a valve body, a tubular feeding duct defined in the valve body, and an actuating device which controls rotation of a throttle plate around a rotation axis via an electric motor. An actuating device conditioning circuit is defined in the valve body. The valve body is entirely made of a first metal material. The circuit has a conditioning pipe made of a second metal material. The valve body is injection-overmoulded around the pipe.
Abstract:
In an instrument panel, a LED backlighting device has at least one LED source, the optical axis of which corresponds to the direction in which the intensity of the emitted light is maximum; the light of the LED source is reflected onto a graphic area by means of a first and a second reflecting surface; the first surface defines a first cavity and is aligned with the graphic area along an illumination axis spaced apart from the optical axis, while the second surface is aligned with the LED source along the optical axis and defines a second cavity communicating with the first cavity through an aperture; the second surface is a cylindrical surface, defined by an elliptical generatrix and configured so as to block the light rays that would be directed from the LED source onto the graphic area.
Abstract:
A method for recognising the type of fuel actually used in an internal combustion engine; the recognition method includes the steps of: sensing the intensity of the vibrations generated by the internal combustion engine within a measurement time window; determining the value of at least one synthetic index by processing the intensity of the vibrations generated by the internal combustion engine within the measurement time window; comparing the synthetic index with at least one predetermined comparison quantity; and recognising the type of fuel actually used as a function of the comparison of the synthetic index to the comparison quantity; and forcedly altering, when detecting the intensity of the vibrations, the engine control with respect to the normal standard engine control, so as to enhance the behavioural differences of the different types of fuel that can be used by the internal combustion engine.
Abstract:
A pointer device for an indicator instrument, in particular for a vehicle, is provided with a light-guide body defined by a single piece, which, in use, receives light from a light source and has a hub and a pointer radially protruding from the hub; the hub has a surface covered by a shield and a light transmission portion, which, on the opposite side, ends with at least one light emission area; the device is provided with a cap defined by a single piece, which is separate from said light-guide body and has an intermediate portion and a lateral portion arranged in an inner and outer radial position, respectively, relative to the light transmission portion; the cap has at least one through opening aligned with the light emission area and connection portions extending radially and joining the intermediate portion to the lateral portion.
Abstract:
A suspension including a spring interposed between the body (B) of the vehicle and the wheel (W); a regenerative hydraulic shock-absorbing unit comprising a hydraulic shock-absorber arranged parallel to the spring, a motor and pump unit with a volumetric hydraulic machine and an electric machine coupled to the hydraulic machine), and an electronic control unit arranged to control the torque of the electric machine. A hydraulic actuator is arranged in series with the spring. A reservoir and a hydraulic circuit are connected to each other, the hydraulic shock-absorber, the hydraulic machine the hydraulic actuator and the reservoir. The hydraulic circuit includes a valve assembly for controlling the flow of a working fluid between the hydraulic shock-absorber, the hydraulic machine, the hydraulic actuator and the reservoir.