公开(公告)号：US09869908B2

公开(公告)日：2018-01-16

申请号：US13644395

申请日：2012-10-04

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Kyung-Wook Kim ,  Young Bae Park ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G06F3/041 ,  G02F1/1343 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G02F1/136 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/134363 ,  G02F2001/13606 ,  G02F2001/136218 ,  G09G3/3614 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2300/0434

Abstract: A system and device for driving high resolution monitors while reducing artifacts thereon. Utilization of Z-inversion polarity driving techniques to drive pixels in a display reduces power consumption of the display but tends to generate visible horizontal line artifacts caused by capacitances present between the pixels and data lines of the display. By introducing a physical shield between the pixel and data line elements, capacitance therebetween can be reduced, thus eliminating the cause of the horizontal line artifacts. The shield may be a common voltage line (Vcom) of the display.

公开(公告)号：US09614183B2

公开(公告)日：2017-04-04

申请号：US14681834

申请日：2015-04-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhen Zhang ,  Lalgudi Bhadrinarayana Visweswaran ,  Chih Jen Yang ,  Damien S. Boesch ,  Jae Won Choi ,  Paul S. Drzaic ,  Stephen S. Poon ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: H01L51/52 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H05B33/08 ,  G09G3/3208 ,  H01L51/56

CPC classification number: H01L51/5253 ,  G09G3/3208 ,  G09G2330/02 ,  G09G2330/04 ,  H01L27/3223 ,  H01L27/3244 ,  H01L27/3258 ,  H01L51/5256 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L2227/323 ,  H01L2251/566 ,  H01L2251/568 ,  H05B33/0896

Abstract: A display may have thin-film transistor (TFT) circuitry on a substrate. An array of organic light-emitting diodes may be formed on the thin-film transistor circuitry. The display may include inorganic brittle layers and organic and metal layers that are ductile and mechanically robust. To help prevent propagation of cracks and other defects along the edge of the display, the display may be provided with crack stop structures and crack detection circuitry. The crack detection circuitry may include one or more loops that are formed along the periphery of the display. The crack stop structures may include TFT/OLED structures formed in a staggered configuration. At least some of the brittle layers can be removed from the panel edge. An additional adhesion layer may also be formed directly on the substrate to help prevent inorganic layers from debonding from the surface of the substrate.

公开(公告)号：US20160380112A9

公开(公告)日：2016-12-29

申请号：US13801261

申请日：2013-03-13

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Cheng-Ho Yu ,  Young Bae Park ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Ting-Kuo Chang ,  Shang-Chih Lin

IPC: H01L29/786 ,  H01L29/66

CPC classification number: H01L29/78651 ,  H01L27/1288 ,  H01L29/6675 ,  H01L29/78621 ,  H01L29/78645

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating thin-film transistors (TFTs) for an LCD having an array of pixels. The method includes depositing a first photoresist layer over a portion of a TFT stack. The TFT stack includes a conductive gate layer, and a semiconductor layer. The method also includes doping the exposed semiconductor layer with a first doping dose. The method further includes etching a portion of the conductive gate layer to expose a portion of the semiconductor layer, and doping the exposed portion of the semiconductor layer with a second doping dose. The method also includes removing the first photoresist layer, and depositing a second photoresist layer over a first portion of the doped semiconductor layer in an active area of the pixels to expose a second portion of the doped semiconductor layer in an area surrounding the active area. The method further includes doping the second portion of the doped semiconductor layer with a third doping dose, the first dose being higher than the second dose and the third dose.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种制造用于具有像素阵列的LCD的薄膜晶体管（TFT）的方法。 该方法包括在TFT堆叠的一部分上沉积第一光致抗蚀剂层。 TFT堆叠包括导电栅极层和半导体层。 该方法还包括以第一掺杂剂量掺杂暴露的半导体层。 该方法还包括蚀刻导电栅极层的一部分以暴露半导体层的一部分，并以第二掺杂剂量掺杂半导体层的暴露部分。 该方法还包括去除第一光致抗蚀剂层，以及在像素的有源区域中在掺杂半导体层的第一部分上沉积第二光致抗蚀剂层，以在围绕有源区域的区域中暴露掺杂半导体层的第二部分。 该方法还包括以第三掺杂剂量掺杂掺杂半导体层的第二部分，第一剂量高于第二剂量和第三剂量。

公开(公告)号：US20160141348A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-19

申请号：US14543088

申请日：2014-11-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Jae Won Choi ,  MinKyu Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/3265 ,  H01L27/3248 ,  H01L27/3258 ,  H01L27/3262 ,  H01L27/3272 ,  H01L27/3276

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have an array of pixels. Each pixel may have an organic light-emitting diode with an anode and cathode. The anodes may be formed from a patterned layer of metal. Thin-film transistor circuitry in the pixels may include transistors such as drive transistors and switching transistors. Data lines may supply data signals to the pixels and horizontal control lines may supply control signals to the gates of the transistors. A switching transistor may be coupled between a voltage initialization line and each anode. The voltage initialization lines and capacitor structures in the thin-film transistor circuitry may be formed using a layer of metal that is different than the layer of metal that forms the anodes.

Abstract translation: 有机发光二极管显示器可以具有像素阵列。 每个像素可以具有带阳极和阴极的有机发光二极管。 阳极可以由图案化的金属层形成。 像素中的薄膜晶体管电路可以包括诸如驱动晶体管和开关晶体管的晶体管。 数据线可以向像素提供数据信号，并且水平控制线可以向晶体管的栅极提供控制信号。 开关晶体管可以耦合在电压初始化线和每个阳极之间。 可以使用与形成阳极的金属层不同的金属层来形成薄膜晶体管电路中的电压初始化线和电容器结构。

公开(公告)号：US20160133184A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-12

申请号：US14535604

申请日：2014-11-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vasudha Gupta ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G09G3/3233 ,  G09G3/2011 ,  G09G3/2014 ,  G09G3/2081 ,  G09G3/3225 ,  G09G3/3266 ,  G09G2310/0286 ,  G09G2310/08 ,  G09G2320/0233 ,  G09G2330/028 ,  G09G2360/16 ,  G11C19/184 ,  G11C19/28 ,  H03K5/15093

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have an array of pixel circuits. Each pixel circuit may contain an organic light-emitting diode that emits light, a drive transistor that controls current flow through the diode, and additional transistors such as switching transistors for loading data into the pixel circuit and emission transistors for enabling and disabling current flow through the drive transistor and diode. Gate driver circuitry may produce emission control signals that control the emission transistors. Display driver circuitry may generate a start signal with a digitally controlled pulse width. The start signal may be applied to shift register circuitry in the gate driver circuitry. The pulse width of the start signal may be adjusted to adjust the luminance of the display.

Abstract translation: 有机发光二极管显示器可以具有像素电路阵列。 每个像素电路可以包含发射光的有机发光二极管，控制通过二极管的电流的驱动晶体管，以及诸如用于将数据加载到像素电路中的开关晶体管和用于启用和禁用电流流过的发射晶体管的附加晶体管 驱动晶体管和二极管。 栅极驱动器电路可以产生控制发射晶体管的发射控制信号。 显示驱动器电路可以产生具有数字控制脉冲宽度的起始信号。 启动信号可以被施加到栅极驱动器电路中的移位寄存器电路。 可以调节起始信号的脉冲宽度以调节显示器的亮度。

公开(公告)号：US20150379938A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-31

申请号：US14747719

申请日：2015-06-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jae Won Choi ,  John Z. Zhong ,  Kwang Ohk Cheon ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: G09G3/32 ,  G09G5/02

CPC classification number: G09G3/3291 ,  G09G3/3233 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2300/0861 ,  G09G2310/0251 ,  G09G2320/0209 ,  G09G2320/043 ,  H01L27/3276 ,  H01L51/5088

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels. Each pixel may have a light-emitting diode that emits light under control of a drive transistor. The organic light-emitting diodes may have a common cathode layer, a common electron layer, individual red, green, and blue emissive layers, a common hole layer, and individual anodes. The hole layer may have a hole injection layer stacked with a hole transport layer. Pixel circuits for controlling the diodes may be formed from a layer of thin-film transistor circuitry on a substrate. A planarization layer may cover the thin-film transistor layer. Lateral leakage current between adjacent diodes can be blocked by shorting the common hole layer to a metal line such as a bias electrode that is separate from the anodes. The metal line may be laterally interposed between adjacent pixels and may be formed on the planarization layer or embedded within the planarization layer.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有像素阵列。 每个像素可以具有在驱动晶体管的控制下发光的发光二极管。 有机发光二极管可以具有公共阴极层，公共电子层，单独的红色，绿色和蓝色发射层，公共空穴层和单个阳极。 空穴层可以具有层叠有空穴传输层的空穴注入层。 用于控制二极管的像素电路可以由衬底上的薄膜晶体管电路层形成。 平坦化层可以覆盖薄膜晶体管层。 可以通过将公共空穴层短路到诸如与阳极分离的偏置电极的金属线来阻止相邻二极管之间的横向漏电流。 金属线可以横向插入相邻像素之间，并且可以形成在平坦化层上或嵌入在平坦化层内。

公开(公告)号：US09209207B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-08

申请号：US14199871

申请日：2014-03-06

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Young Bae Park ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Vasudha Gupta

IPC: H01L27/12 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/124 ,  H01L27/1218 ,  H01L27/1259 ,  H01L27/3276 ,  H01L51/0097 ,  H01L2251/5338 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: An electronic device may have a flexible display with portions that are bent along a bend axis. The display may have display circuitry such as an array of display pixels in an active area. Contact pads may be formed in an inactive area of the display. Signal lines may couple the display pixels to the contact pads. The signal lines may overlap the bend axis in the inactive area of the display. During fabrication, an etch stop may be formed on the display that overlaps the bend axis. The etch stop may prevent over etching of dielectric such as a buffer layer on a polymer flexible display substrate. A layer of polymer that serves as a neutral stress plane adjustment layer may be formed over the signal lines in the inactive area of the display. Upon bending, the neutral stress plane adjustment layer helps prevent stress in the signal lines.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以具有柔性显示器，其具有沿着弯曲轴线弯曲的部分。 显示器可以具有诸如有源区域中的显示像素阵列的显示电路。 接触焊盘可以形成在显示器的无效区域中。 信号线可将显示像素耦合到接触垫。 信号线可能与显示器的非活动区域中的弯曲轴重叠。 在制造期间，可以在显示器上形成与弯曲轴线重叠的蚀刻停止。 蚀刻停止可以防止在聚合物柔性显示基板上的诸如缓冲层之类的电介质的过度蚀刻。 用作中性应力平面调整层的聚合物层可以形成在显示器的无效区域中的信号线上。 弯曲时，中性应力平面调整层有助于防止信号线中的应力。

公开(公告)号：US09159288B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-13

申请号：US13661839

申请日：2012-10-26

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shih Chang Chang ,  Young Bae Park ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Kyung Wook Kim ,  Szu-Hsien Lee

IPC: G09G3/36

CPC classification number: G09G3/3677

Abstract: Gate line driver circuitry applies an output pulse to each of several gate lines for a display element array. The circuitry has a number of gate drivers each being coupled to drive a respective one of the gate lines. Each of the gate drivers has an output stage in which a high side transistor and a low side transistor are coupled to drive the respective gate line, responsive to at least one clock signal. A pull down transistor is coupled to discharge a control electrode of the output stage. A control circuit having a cascode amplifier is coupled to drive the pull down transistor as a function of a) at least one clock signal and b) feedback from the control electrode. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract translation: 栅极线驱动器电路将输出脉冲施加到用于显示元件阵列的多个栅极线中的每一个。 电路具有多个栅极驱动器，每个栅极驱动器被耦合以驱动相应的一条栅极线。 每个栅极驱动器具有输出级，其中高侧晶体管和低侧晶体管耦合以响应于至少一个时钟信号驱动相应的栅极线。 耦合下拉晶体管以放电输出级的控制电极。 具有共源共栅放大器的控制电路被耦合以作为a）至少一个时钟信号和b）来自控制电极的反馈来驱动下拉晶体管。 还描述和要求保护其他实施例。

公开(公告)号：US09129927B2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-08

申请号：US14229232

申请日：2014-03-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vasudha Gupta ,  Jae Won Choi ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: H01L35/24 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L27/12 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G02F1/1368

CPC classification number: H01L27/3262 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G02F1/13624 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/13685 ,  G02F2202/104 ,  G09G3/3225 ,  G09G3/3611 ,  G09G3/3677 ,  G09G2320/043 ,  H01L27/1222 ,  H01L27/1225 ,  H01L27/1251 ,  H01L27/1255

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display having an array of display pixels on a substrate. The display pixels may be organic light-emitting diode display pixels or display pixels in a liquid crystal display. In an organic light-emitting diode display, hybrid thin-film transistor structures may be formed that include semiconducting oxide thin-film transistors, silicon thin-film transistors, and capacitor structures. The capacitor structures may overlap the semiconducting oxide thin-film transistors. Organic light-emitting diode display pixels may have combinations of oxide and silicon transistors. In a liquid crystal display, display driver circuitry may include silicon thin-film transistor circuitry and display pixels may be based on oxide thin-film transistors. A single layer or two different layers of gate metal may be used in forming silicon transistor gates and oxide transistor gates. A silicon transistor may have a gate that overlaps a floating gate structure.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以包括在基板上具有显示像素阵列的显示器。 显示像素可以是液晶显示器中的有机发光二极管显示像素或显示像素。 在有机发光二极管显示器中，可以形成包括半导体氧化物薄膜晶体管，硅薄膜晶体管和电容器结构的混合薄膜晶体管结构。 电容器结构可以与半导体氧化物薄膜晶体管重叠。 有机发光二极管显示像素可以具有氧化物和硅晶体管的组合。 在液晶显示器中，显示驱动器电路可以包括硅薄膜晶体管电路，显示像素可以基于氧化物薄膜晶体管。 可以在形成硅晶体管栅极和氧化物晶体管栅极中使用单层或两层不同的栅极金属层。 硅晶体管可以具有与浮动栅极结构重叠的栅极。

公开(公告)号：US09065077B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-23

申请号：US13913373

申请日：2013-06-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Ming-Chin Hung ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: H01L51/56 ,  H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L51/56 ,  H01L27/3248 ,  H01L27/3265 ,  H01L27/3272 ,  H01L27/3276 ,  H01L2227/323

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. The method includes forming a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate including a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The method also includes depositing a first passivation layer over the second metal layer, and forming a third metal layer over a channel region and a storage capacitor region. The third metal layer is configured to connect to a first portion of the second metal layer that is configured to connect to the first metal layer in a first through-hole through a gate insulator and the first passivation layer. The method further includes depositing a second passivation layer over the third metal layer, and forming an anode layer over the second passivation layer. The anode is configured to connect to a second portion of the third metal layer that is configured to connect to the second metal layer in a second through-hole of the first passivation layer and the second passivation layer.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于制造有机发光二极管（OLED）显示器的方法。 该方法包括形成包括第一金属层和第二金属层的薄膜晶体管（TFT）基板。 该方法还包括在第二金属层上沉积第一钝化层，以及在沟道区域和存储电容器区域上形成第三金属层。 第三金属层被配置为连接到第二金属层的第一部分，其被构造成通过栅极绝缘体和第一钝化层在第一通孔中连接到第一金属层。 该方法还包括在第三金属层上沉积第二钝化层，以及在第二钝化层上形成阳极层。 阳极被配置为连接到第三金属层的第二部分，其被配置为在第一钝化层和第二钝化层的第二通孔中连接到第二金属层。