摘要:
The present invention provides an ion sensor with which an ion concentration in a sample in which both ions are mixed can be measured with high accuracy, a display device, a method for driving the ion sensor, and a method for calculating an ion concentration. The present invention is an ion sensor that includes a field effect transistor. The ion sensor detects one of negative ions and positive ions using the field effect transistor, and consecutively thereafter detects the other of the negative ions and positive ions using the field effect transistor.
摘要:
A field-effect transistor (62a) has a back gate (62ag2). The back gate (62ag2), a cathode of a photodiode (62b), and a first end of a first capacitor (62c) are connected with each other via a first node (netA). An anode of the photodiode (62b) is connected with a first line (Vrst). A second end of the first capacitor (62c) is connected with a second line (Csn). A gate (62ag1) of the field-effect transistor (62a) is connected with a third line (Vrwn), and a drain of the filed-effect transistor (62a) is connected with a fourth line (Vsm). A source of the field-effect transistor (62a) is an output of an output amplifier (62a).
摘要:
Transflective-type and reflection type liquid crystal display devices having a high image quality are provided with a good production efficiency.A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is a liquid crystal display device which includes; a first substrate and a second substrate between which liquid crystal is interposed; a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate for applying a voltage for controlling an orientation of the liquid crystal; a transistor having an electrode which is electrically connected to the first electrode; a metal layer being formed on the first substrate and including a protrusion, a recess, or an aperture; and a reflective layer formed above the metal layer on the first substrate for reflecting incident light toward a display surface. The metal layer is made of a same material as that of a gate electrode of the transistor. The reflective layer includes a protrusion, a recess, or a level difference which is formed in accordance with a protrusion, a recess, or an aperture of the metal layer.
摘要:
A difference of work functions in different metal thin films is suppressed without causing the increase of the manufacturing steps or the decrease of the optical performance. In a semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display apparatus 1 including a reflective electrode 62 and a transmissive electrode 63 in the pixel electrode 64, the surface of the reflective electrode 62 is subject to a plasma treatment, so that the work function of the reflective electrode 62 is controlled by changing by a value of 0.1 eV from the original value. Thus, it is possible to place the work function of the reflective electrode 62 within a difference of ±0.2 eV with respect to the work function of the transmissive electrode 63. As a result, a number of the manufacturing steps is not increased or no optical performance is decreased, unlike conventional liquid crystal display apparatuses. Even if the optimum direct current offset voltage is applied to one of the reflective electrode 62 and the transmissive electrode 63, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of an image display quality resulting from the difference with the optimum direct current offset voltage for the other electrode. As such, it is possible to improve the display quality of the liquid crystal display apparatus 1.
摘要:
The substrate (10) of the present invention includes: a first electrode (26) and a second electrode (30). The second electrode (30) is formed on an insulation film (52) covering at least a part of the first electrode (26) and electrically connected with the first electrode (26) through a contact hole (50) formed in the insulation film (52). The first electrode (26) includes a laminated structure of a metal film (42) and a protective film (44). An etching rate of the metal film (42) is almost equal to an etching rate of the protective film (44) with respect to a first etching for forming the metal film (42) and the protective film (44). An etching rate of the protective film (44) is almost zero with respect to a second etching for forming the contact hole (50).
摘要:
A method for producing an electrode substrate, having an organic insulating region formed of an organic insulating material and an inorganic insulating region formed of an inorganic insulating material on an identical side thereof, includes the steps of performing a plasma treatment of the organic insulating region; forming a first transparent conductive layer in contact with the organic insulating region and a second transparent conductive layer in contact with the inorganic insulating region; and etching the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer in the same step.
摘要:
The active matrix liquid crystal panel of this invention includes: a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of signal lines arranged to cross each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in respective regions defined by the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of signal lines; and a plurality of switching elements for driving the plurality of pixel electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of pixel electrodes overlaps at least one of the adjacent scanning lines and signal lines among the plurality of scanning lines and signal lines via an insulating film, and at least one of the plurality of pixel electrodes is electrically connected with the overlapped line.
摘要:
An active matrix substrate includes an insulative plate; a plurality of switching elements arranged in a matrix on the insulative plate; a plurality of gate signal lines for controlling the switching elements; a plurality of source signal lines for providing data signals to the switching elements, the source signal lines being perpendicular to the gate signal lines; and a plurality of pixel electrodes respectively provided above and in electric connection with drain electrodes of the switching elements. At least one of the source signal lines and the drain electrodes include at least a transparent conductive layer, a first metal layer and a second metal layer.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display device comprises a gate signal wiring formed on a substrate, a data signal wiring insulated from the gate signal wiring and formed to perpendicularly cross the gate signal wiring, a switching element provided near the perpendicularly crossing portion of the gate signal wiring and the date signal wiring and having a gate electrode and source/drain electrodes, an interlayer insulating film, and a pixel electrode disposed in the region surrounded by the gate signal wiring and the data signal wiring and on the interlayer insulating film, wherein the gate signal wiring is connected with the gate electrode, the data signal wiring is connected with one of the source/drain electrodes, the pixel electrode is connected with the other of the source/drain electrodes through a contact hole penetrating through an interlayer insulating film and via a connecting electrode, and, the width of the contact hole at the aperture surface of the contact hole is reduced by setting the height from the surface of the substrate to the bottom of the contact hole to be larger than the height of the contact hole.
摘要:
A method of measuring an exposure condition for transfer of a pattern onto a photosensitive substrate or aberration of a projection optical system is disclosed, wherein the pattern is transferred onto the photosensitive substrate plural times in different exposure conditions, to form photosensitive patterns on the photosensitive substrate, and images of the photosensitive patterns are picked up. Frequency components of the photosensitive patterns are calculated from corresponding imagewise signals, and an optimum exposure condition for transfer of the pattern onto the photosensitive substrate is determined on the basis of the frequency components of the photosensitive patterns.