摘要:
This invention discloses an IGBT device with its collector formed with Ge/Al and associated method of fabrication. The collector is formed on the substrate layer, which is on the back of IGBT, and contains Ge and Al thin films. After thinning and etching the back side of IGBT substrate, Ge and Al are sequentially deposited to form Ge/Al thin films on the back surface of the substrate. An annealing process is then carried out to diffuse Al into Ge thin film layer to form a P-doped Ge layer functioning as the IGBT collector. The present invention is applicable to both non punch through IGBTs as well as punch through IGBTs.
摘要:
The invention is directed to compounds of formula (1) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, methods for the preparation thereof, and methods of use thereof.
摘要:
A method to play a game of chance using a map of sites as playing surface with moving pieces called movers. The game rules a plurality of movements. A random draw of one ruled movement moves a mover from one site to another. Players bet on selected movers moving by one or several rounds of drawing to selected sites. The holder of a hanging bet earns credit to place free make-up bets. Formulae to calculate the winning probability of every bet and its payoff and credit will be provided. An automatic computer/video version of the game is included.
摘要:
The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of biaryl oxazolidinones. These compounds are useful as anti-infective, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and prokinetic agents.
摘要:
A system for facilitating rule-based content mining to extract content from structured or unstructured data receives a file that contains structured or unstructured data, or a mixture of both. The system then generates a processable extensible markup language (pXML) file based on the received file. The system further extracts content from the pXML file based on one or more rules and generates a semantic XML file based on a specified format.
摘要:
Substituted bicyclic heteroaryls and compositions containing them, for the treatment of general inflammation, arthritis, rheumatic diseases, osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disorders, inflammatory eye disorders, inflammatory or unstable bladder disorders, psoriasis, skin complaints with inflammatory components, chronic inflammatory conditions, including but not restricted to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), myestenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, multiples sclerosis, Sjoegren's syndrome and autoimmune hemolytic anemia, allergic conditions including all forms of hypersensitivity, The present invention also enables methods for treating cancers that are mediated, dependent on or associated with p110δ activity, including but not restricted to leukemias, such as Acute Myeloid leukaemia (AML) Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) myelo-proliferative diseases (MPD) Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) Non Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL) B-cell lymphoma and solid tumors, such as breast cancer.
摘要:
A control procedure operates an expansion valve of an air conditioning system. The control procedure utilizes a first control procedure to bring a calculated superheat value within a range of a target superheat value, and a second control procedure to cause the calculated superheat value to match the target superheat value. Both the first and second control procedures preferably use Proportional, Integral, Derivative control algorithms.
摘要:
A phase change device includes a first contact electrode structure a phase change material and a first insulating material between the phase change material and the first contact electrode structure and a second contact electrode in contact with the phase change material. A contact structure formed in the first insulating material between the first contact electrode structure and the phase change material is also included. The contact structure is formed by an insulating material breakdown process. A method of forming a phase change device is also described.
摘要:
A method of programming a phase change device includes selecting a desired threshold voltage (Vth) and applying a programming pulse to a phase change material in the phase change device. The applying of the programming pulse includes applying a quantity of energy to the phase change material to drive at least a portion of this material above a melting energy level. A portion of the energy applied to the phase change material is allowed to dissipate below the melting energy level. The shape of the energy dissipation from the phase change material is controlled until the energy applied to the phase change material is less than a quenched energy level, to cause the phase change device to have the desired Vth. A remaining portion of the energy applied to the phase change material is allowed to dissipate to an environmental level.
摘要:
A structure having a cavity or enclosed space is fabricated by forming a recessed region in a surface of a substrate, and providing a first layer adjacent the recessed region. A liquid mixture including first and second components is supplied to the recessed region. The first component has a higher chemical affinity to the first layer than the second component such that the first component separates from the second component and adheres to an edge portion of the first layer. The substrate may then be heated to remove the second component from the recessed region through evaporation. As a result, the first component remains as a second layer adhering to the edge portion of the first layer and covering the recessed region, thereby defining a cavity or enclosed space with the recessed region. Unique structures including such cavities may be employed to realize a capacitor having a fluid, as opposed to solid, dielectric material, in order to increase the capacitance of the capacitor. Alternatively, such cavities may confine the flow of gases within narrow grooves of a substrate to realize a fuel cell having reduced size.