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61.发明授权Method and apparatus for determining the sensitivity of a microorganism to a growth altering agent 失效用于确定微生物对生长改变剂的敏感性的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06284526B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US09477932
申请日：2000-01-05
申请人： Stephen C. Wardlaw
发明人： Stephen C. Wardlaw
IPC分类号： C12M116
摘要： A method and an apparatus for determining the concentration at which a growth-altering agent has an appreciable effect on the growth of a target microorganism are provided. The method comprises the steps of (a) providing a microorganism growth medium; (b) providing a sensible reagent, which includes a growth-altering agent mixed with a marker that has a signal with a magnitude proportional to the concentration of the marker; (c) incorporating the sensible reagent into the growth medium, in a manner that creates a gradient of growth-altering agent and marker concentrations within the growth medium; (d) inoculating the growth medium with the target microorganism; (e) incubating the inoculated growth medium for a period of time sufficient for the target microorganism to grow a detectable amount; (f) evaluating growth characteristics of the microorganism in a region containing the growth-altering agent, (g) measuring the magnitude of the marker signal in that region; and (h) determining the concentration of the growth-altering agent using the measured magnitude of the marker signal.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于测定生长改变剂对靶微生物生长有显着影响的浓度的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供微生物生长培养基; （b）提供敏感试剂，其包括与具有与标记物的浓度成正比的信号的标记混合的生长改变剂; （c）以显影生长培养基中生长变化剂和标记物浓度的梯度的方式将敏感试剂掺入生长培养基中; （d）用目标微生物接种生长培养基; （e）将接种的生长培养基温育足以使目标微生物生长可检测量的一段时间; （f）评估含有生长改变剂的区域中微生物的生长特性，（g）测量该区域中标记信号的大小; 和（h）使用所测量的标记信号的幅度来确定生长改变剂的浓度。
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62.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06197523B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US08976886
申请日：1997-11-24
IPC分类号： G01N33574
CPC分类号： G01N15/042 , G01N33/56972 , G01N33/57484 , G01N2015/045 , Y10S436/813
摘要： A method for analyzing blood enables one to isolate, detect, enumerate and confirm under magnification the presence or absence of target cancer cells and/or hematologic progenitor cells which are known to circulate in blood. The analysis is performed in a sample of centrifuged anticoagulated whole blood. The analysis involves both morphometric and epitopic examination of the blood sample while the blood sample is disposed in a centrifuged blood sampling tube. The epitopic analysis of the presence or absence of cancer cells relies on the detection of epitopes which are known to present only on cancer cells; and the epitopic analysis of the presence or absence of hematologic progenitor cells relies on the detection of epitopes which are known to present only on hematologic progenitor cells. The targeted epitopes on the target cell types are epitopes which are also known to be absent on normal circulating blood cells; and the target cancer cell epitopes are epitopes which are known to be absent on target hematologic progenitor cells. Fluorophors with distinct emissions are coupled with antibodies which are directed against the targeted epitopes. The morphometric analysis is performed by staining the cells in the blood sample with an intracellular stain such as acridine orange which highlights the intracellular cell structure. Both the morphometric and epitopic analyses are preferably performed at or near the platelet layer of the expanded buffy coat in the centrifuged blood sample. The morphometric analysis and/or the epitopic analysis may be performed under magnification both visually and/or photometrically.
摘要翻译： 用于分析血液的方法使得能够在放大下分离，检测，枚举和确认已知在血液中循环的靶癌细胞和/或血液祖细胞的存在或不存在。 在离心的抗凝全血样品中进行分析。 该分析涉及血液样品的形态测定和表征检查，同时将血液样品置于离心取样管中。 癌细胞存在或不存在的代表性分析依赖于已知仅存在癌细胞的表位的检测; 并且血液祖细胞存在或不存在的表征分析依赖于已知仅存在血液祖细胞的表位的检测。 目标细胞类型上的靶向表位是已知在正常循环血细胞上不存在的表位; 并且目标癌细胞表位是已知在靶血液祖细胞上不存在的表位。 具有明显排放的荧光素与针对靶向表位的抗体相结合。 通过用细胞内染色剂如吖啶橙染色血液样品中的细胞进行形态测定分析，突出细胞内细胞结构。 形态测定和表征分析优选在离心血液样品中在扩张的血沉棕黄层的血小板层或其附近进行。 形态测定分析和/或表征分析可以在视觉上和/或光度下放大进行。
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公开(公告)号：US6140069A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US255681
申请日：1999-02-23
申请人： Stephen C. Wardlaw
发明人： Stephen C. Wardlaw
CPC分类号： C12Q1/18
摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of an antibiotic for a target microorganism is provided. The method includes the steps of: (a) providing a microorganism growth medium; (b) providing a sensible reagent, which includes an antibiotic mixed with a marker, the marker having a signal with a magnitude proportional to the marker's concentration; (c) incorporating the reagent into the growth medium, in a manner that creates a gradient of concentrations of the antibiotic and marker within the growth medium; (c) inoculating the growth medium with the target microorganism; (d) incubating the inoculated growth medium for a period of time sufficient for the target microorganism to grow a detectable amount on a first section of growth medium; (e) determining a growth boundary between the first section of growth medium having detectable target microorganism growth and a second section having substantially no detectable target microorganism growth; (f) measuring the signal magnitude at the growth boundary; and (g) determining a minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibiotic using the measured signal magnitude.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于确定靶微生物的抗生素的最小抑制浓度的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供微生物生长培养基; （b）提供敏感试剂，其包括与标记物混合的抗生素，所述标记物具有与标记物浓度成正比的信号; （c）以在生长培养基中产生抗生素和标记物的浓度梯度的方式将试剂掺入生长培养基中; （c）用目标微生物接种生长培养基; （d）将接种的生长培养基温育足以使目标微生物在生长培养基的第一部分上生长可检测量的时间; （e）确定具有可检测的目标微生物生长的第一部分生长培养基与基本上无可检测的目标微生物生长的第二部分之间的生长边界; （f）测量生长边界处的信号幅度; 和（g）使用所测量的信号量确定抗生素的最小抑制浓度。
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64.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6022734A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-08
申请号：US256451
申请日：1999-02-23
申请人： Stephen C. Wardlaw
发明人： Stephen C. Wardlaw
摘要： A disposable cassette for testing the minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotic for a target microorganism is provided. The cassette includes a body, a sheet of microorganism growth medium, and a sensible reagent. The sensible reagent, which is incorporated into the sheet of growth medium, includes an antibiotic and a marker, and the marker has a signal with a magnitude proportional to its concentration.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于测试靶微生物的抗生素的最小抑制浓度的一次性盒。 盒子包括一个体，一片微生物生长培养基和一个敏感试剂。 结合到生长培养基中的敏感试剂包括抗生素和标记物，并且标记物具有与其浓度成正比的信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5776710A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-07
申请号：US771507
申请日：1996-12-23
申请人： Robert A. Levine , Stephen C. Wardlaw , Leon W. M. M. Terstappen , Kristen L. Manion , Rodolfo R. Rodriguez , Adrien P. Malick , Subhash Dhanesar , Stephen J. Lovell , Alvydas J. Ozinskas
发明人： Robert A. Levine , Stephen C. Wardlaw , Leon W. M. M. Terstappen , Kristen L. Manion , Rodolfo R. Rodriguez , Adrien P. Malick , Subhash Dhanesar , Stephen J. Lovell , Alvydas J. Ozinskas
IPC分类号： G01N33/543 , B01L3/14 , G01N33/49 , G01N33/537 , G01N33/569 , G01N33/58 , G01N33/558
CPC分类号： B01L3/5021 , G01N33/491 , G01N33/5375 , G01N33/56972 , G01N33/585 , Y10S435/81 , Y10S435/967 , Y10S435/971 , Y10S435/973 , Y10S436/805 , Y10S436/81 , Y10S436/824 , Y10S436/829 , Y10T436/111666
摘要： A patient's health may be diagnosed by centrifuging blood samples in a transparent tube, which tube contains one or more bodies or groups of bodies such as floats, inserts, liposomes, or plastic beads of different densities. Each density-defined body carries analyte-capture binding materials such as antigens or antibodies, which are specific to an epitope, or other specific high affinity binding site on a target analyte which target analyte may be in the blood or other sample being tested; and the level of which analyte is indicative of the patient's health. At least one labeled binding material which is also specific to an epitope, or other specific high affinity binding site on the target analyte is added to the sample so as to form labeled binding material/analyte/body complexes in the sample. Upon centrifugation, the complexes will settle out in different areas in the tube according to the respective density of the body or bodies; and the degree of label emission of the complex layers can enable qualitative and/or quantitative analyses of the sample to be made. Unbound labeled binding materials will be separated from the complexed layers by the washing action of ascending or descending components of the sample during the centrifugation step. Unbound labeled binding material will thus not interfere with the analysis.
摘要翻译： 可以通过将透明管中的血液样品离心来诊断患者的健康，该管包含一个或多个不同密度的浮体，插入物，脂质体或塑料珠的主体或组。 每个密度定义的身体携带分析物 - 捕获结合材料，例如抗原或抗体，其对靶分析物是特异性的，或靶分析物上的其它特异性高亲和力结合位点，其目标分析物可能在待测试的血液或其他样品中; 并且其分析物的水平表示患者的健康。 将至少一种对靶分析物上的表位或其他特异性高亲和力结合位点特异性的标记结合物质加入到样品中，以便在样品中形成标记的结合材料/分析物/身体复合物。 离心后，复合物将根据身体或身体的相应密度沉淀在管中的不同区域; 并且复合层的标签发射程度可以使得要进行样品的定性和/或定量分析。 通过在离心步骤期间样品的上升或下降组分的洗涤作用，未结合的标记结合材料将从复合层分离。 因此，未结合的标签结合材料不会影响分析。
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公开(公告)号：US5593848A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US335310
申请日：1994-11-07
IPC分类号： G01N33/48 , A61K9/127 , G01N33/532 , G01N33/534 , G01N33/537 , G01N33/538 , G01N33/544 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/536
CPC分类号： G01N33/5375 , G01N33/538 , Y10S436/829
摘要： An improved assay of target components in a sample utilizes specific gravity-altering particles which are attached to the target components by specific antibodies. The attached specific gravity-altering particles are preferably liposomes which will buoy or sink the targets to a common level in the specimen sample when the latter has been centrifuged in a transparent tube. The liposomes can provide an accentuated and more pronounced indication of the presence of the targets in the sample due to their ability to contain many multiples of fluorescent or non-fluorescent dye molecules with minimal steric interference with the attached antibodies' binding ability.
摘要翻译： 样品中目标组分的改进测定利用通过特异性抗体附着于靶组分的比重改变颗粒。 附着的比重改变颗粒优选是脂质体，当将后者已经在透明管中离心时，其将标本浮标或将目标物吸收到标本样品中的共同水平。 脂质体可以提供样品中靶标存在的突出和更显着的指示，因为它们具有包含许多倍数的荧光或非荧光染料分子的能力，其具有与所附抗体结合能力的最小空间干扰。
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公开(公告)号：US5321975A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-21
申请号：US770875
申请日：1991-10-04
CPC分类号： G01N15/042 , G01N33/491 , G01N2015/045
摘要： Erythrocytes exist in vivo in a continuous cell subset gradient of density, with the youngest cells being the lightest. A blood sample is centrifuged in a transparent tube containing plastic beads which are selected to include groups of beads wherein each group has a different sharply defined specific gravity, and which are distributed within the range of red cell densities. The beads form spaced well-defined bands in the erythrocyte layer, which bands form boundaries between the different cell subset layers. Measurements of the lengths of the different cell subset layers are then made to quantify the red cell subsets in the patient's blood.
摘要翻译： 红细胞在体内存在于密度连续的细胞亚群梯度中，最小的细胞是最轻的。 将血液样品在含有塑料珠的透明管中离心，所述塑料珠被选择为包括珠粒组，其中每组具有不同的明确比重，并且分布在红细胞密度的范围内。 珠粒在红细胞层中形成间隔明确的带，该带形成不同细胞子集层之间的边界。 然后测量不同细胞子集层的长度以量化患者血液中的红细胞亚群。
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68.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5252460A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-12
申请号：US783397
申请日：1991-10-28
IPC分类号： G01N33/569 , G01N33/574 , G01N33/537 , G01N33/538
CPC分类号： G01N33/569 , G01N33/56966 , G01N33/574 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/805 , Y10S436/81 , Y10S436/813 , Y10S436/824
摘要： A biologic sample such as feces, sputum, cervical tissue, pleural fluids, exudates, cytologic specimens, or the like, is tested for the presence or absence of: ova; parasites; microorganisms; inflammatory, neoplastic tissue cells; or other target materials which are indicative of infestation, disease or infection. The sample is mixed with a buffer fluid and placed in a transparent tube which contains a volume-constricting cylindrical insert for gravimetric separation of components of the sample. The mixture is centrifuged, and the annular space between the insert and tube bore is examined under magnification for the presence of the target materials.
摘要翻译： 对生物样品如粪便，痰液，宫颈组织，胸膜液，渗出液，细胞学标本等进行测试，以确定是否存在：ova; 寄生虫 微生物 炎性，肿瘤组织细胞; 或指示感染，疾病或感染的其他目标材料。 将样品与缓冲液混合并置于含有体积收缩的圆柱形插入物的透明管中，用于重量分离样品组分。 将混合物离心，并且在放大下检查插入件和管孔之间的环形空间以存在目标材料。
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69.发明授权Quantification of fibrinogen in whole blood samples contained in a tube using a float to separate materials 失效在使用浮选分离材料的管中包含的全血样品中的纤维蛋白质的量化
公开(公告)号：US5137832A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-11
申请号：US636677
申请日：1991-01-02
CPC分类号： G01N15/042
摘要： Quantification of blood plasma fibrinogen content is made in a sample of anticoagulated whole blood contained in a sampling tube. The tube is a transparent centrifuge tube which contains a sample constituent layer-elongating float. The blood sample is centrifuged in the tube containing the float, and various cell constituent measurements are made. The centrifuged sample is then heated and recentrifuged to cause the precipitated fibrinogen to layer out on top of the float remote from the buffy coat band in the plasma layer. The thickness of the fibrinogen band is then measured, whereby quantification of the fibrinogen content of the blood sample can be made by a precalibrated instrument.
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公开(公告)号：US5086784A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-11
申请号：US579274
申请日：1990-09-05
IPC分类号： G01N33/48 , A61B5/145 , A61B5/15 , A61M1/02 , B01L3/14 , G01N20060101 , G01N1/00 , G01N33/15 , G01N33/49
CPC分类号： G01N33/491 , B01L3/50215 , G01N15/042 , G01N15/05 , A61B5/15003 , A61B5/150351 , A61B5/150389 , A61B5/150473 , A61B5/150755 , A61B5/153
摘要： Centrifuged material layer measurements are made in an evacuated glass or clear plastic tube which contains a float. When possibly contaminated materials, such as blood, are being tested the use of the evacuated tube allows the measurements to be made without the technician being exposed to the blood. The tubes are large enough to hold approximately one ml of blood, and are filled with an inert gas at low pressure. Dimensional tolerances relative to those of a capillary tube are relaxed for the tube and float due to the larger sample capacity. The cell bands are stabilized by a layer of a flowable material which settles onto the plasma layer during centrifugation and forms a pellicle thereon.
摘要翻译： 离心材料层的测量在包含浮子的真空玻璃或透明塑料管中进行。 当可能受污染的材料（例如血液）被测试时，使用真空管允许在没有技术人员暴露于血液的情况下进行测量。 管足够大以容纳约1ml血液，并在低压下填充惰性气体。 由于较大的样品容量，相对于毛细管的尺寸公差会因管和浮子而松弛。 细胞带通过可流动的材料层稳定，其在离心过程中沉降到等离子体层上并在其上形成防护薄膜组件。
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